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Biomedical subjects

D Glogar

Publications and source records attributed to D Glogar.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Heavy metal and trace element concentrations in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy].

Blood, serum and urine concentrations (24 hour samples) of cadmium, lead, magnesium, calcium, zinc, copper and iron were determined by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 54 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (CMP). These data were compared with the values in 17 healthy controls. CMP patients showed higher blood cadmium concentrations (+173%, p less than 0.001), higher serum calcium concentrations (+4%, p less than 0.01) and lower serum magnesium levels (-11%, p less than 0.01). In urine samples CMP patients had higher cadmium levels and lower concentrations of calcium (-43%, p less than 0.05) and magnesium (-36%, p less than 0.05). Correlations with clinical data revealed no definite reason for the abnormal laboratory findings in CMP patients. In individual cases, however, the high cadmium concentrations could be of aetiological importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Prevention of arterial and pulmonary embolism by oral anticoagulants in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

The incidence of arterial embolism (AE) and pulmonary embolism (PE) during treatment with oral anticoagulants (OA) or without OA therapy was studied in 38 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP). AE/PE occurred in 17 patients (44.7%) before initiation of OA treatment. The severity of DCMP was a risk factor for AE/PE, but not the presence of atrial fibrillation or intracardial thrombi. No AE/PE episodes occurred during the period of OA therapy. No major bleeding complications were seen, probably due to the moderate intensity of OA therapy (therapeutic range 5-15% Thrombotest [TT], 2.1-4.8 International Normalized Ratio [INR], median TT value 11%, median INR 2.6). Recurrence of AE was observed in 4 of 5 patients in whom treatment with OA had been discontinued.

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗
PubMed1984

[Vagus block in the therapy of bradycardial arrhythmias--the role of autonomic balance].

UNLABELLED: A medicamentous therapy of bradycardiac disturbances of heart rhythm can be performed on the one hand by stimulation of the sympathetic nerve, on the other hand by blockade of the parasympathetic system. An ester of the tropic acid, Ipratropiumbromide (IP), shall be used for answering the question to what extent the heart rate may be increased in such arrhythmias. In 10 patients (4 females and 6 males, m 60 +/- 9 years old) with asymptomatic bradycardiac arrhythmias (heart rate less than 60 per min in the routine ECG; 3 patients AV-block III, 1 patient AV-block II II, 6 patients sinus bradycardia) at first a 24-hour long-term ECG was recorded under ambulatory conditions, after this 1 mg IP was administered intravenously under continuous long-term ECG. After 4 days 10 mg IP orally thrice a day, in 3 patients also after 15 mg IP t.i.d. a repeated long-term ECG was performed. These were evaluated using the computer-assisted "multipass scanning" system. RESULTS: 1 hour after 1 mg IP intravenously the m heart rate significantly increased about 17-87% (m 55%) in all patients (p less than 0.001). Proportionally to the increase of the heart rate it lasted 7-14 hrs. till the initial heart rate was reached again. 1-4 hours after intravenous injection in 2 patients sinus tachycardias developed as an expression of an increased sympathicotonia. 10 mg IP led to an increase of the heart rate of m 8% of the patients, during the day m 9%, during the night 4%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Heparin inhibits bovine testicular hyaluronidase activity in myocardium of dogs with coronary artery occlusion.

Bovine testicular hyaluronidase (BTH) reduces experimental myocardial infarct size and ameliorates electrocardiographic signs of ischemia. This study was done to determine if heparin, an in vitro inhibitor of hyaluronidase activity, blocks the action of BTH in the myocardium of dogs after coronary artery occlusion. BTH was administered intravenously as 5,000 NF units/kg at 0.5 and 2.5 hours after coronary occlusion. Heparin was administered intravenously as a 150-unit/kg loading dose, followed by 10 units/kg per hour i.v., beginning 15 minutes before coronary occlusion. The area of myocardial ischemia at risk was assessed by a radiolabeled microsphere technique; the area that developed necrosis was assessed by a histochemical technique. In vivo activity of BTH was assessed by a colorimetric analysis of the BTH substrate, i.e., hyaluronic acid (HA), extracted from myocardial tissue. For biochemical analysis of HA, the heart was divided into anterior myocardium, which included ischemic tissue and posterior nonischemic myocardium. The myocardial HA content of dogs treated with BTH plus heparin (anterior, 3.44 +/- 0.40 micrograms HA/mg protein; posterior, 3.69 +/- 0.33 micrograms HA/mg protein) was not significantly different from control (anterior, 3.61 +/- 0.29 micrograms HA/mg protein; posterior, 3.55 +/- 0.23 micrograms HA/mg protein). In contrast, BTH lowered myocardial HA content (anterior, 2.16 +/- 0.21 micrograms HA/mg protein; posterior, 2.08 +/- 0.14 micrograms HA/mg protein) compared with either BTH plus heparin or control groups in both anterior myocardium (p = 0.006) and posterior myocardium (p = 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Causes of death in patients with pacemakers - with respect to the indication for implantation].

We compared the life expectancy of 1559 patients with an implanted pacemaker (PM) with a normal age-matched population and found a significantly reduced survival rate in paced patients. Patients paced for heart failure have the lowest survival rate, whilst those paced for Adams-Stokes attacks do slightly better. Patients with Adams-Stokes equivalents do not differ significantly from our normal population. 54% of patients with PM implanted for heart failure died due to heart failure despite PM implantation. The relative percentage of sudden death after PM implantation is high in groups with Adams-Stokes attacks (16%) and Adams-Stokes equivalents (20%). In both of these groups sudden death occurred especially during the first two years after PM implantation. The high risk of sudden death after PM implantation should increase our efforts to monitor patients carefully after PM implantation for the occurrence of malignant tachyarrhythmias.

Adams-Stokes Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Diagnostic value of exercise testing versus long-term ECG in evaluation of arrhythmias in old age.

The usefulness of exercise testing (ET) in old age is so far undefined particularly for detection of arrhythmias. We compared the diagnostic value of ET with 24-h long-term ECG recording (LT-ECG) in patients older than 70 years that were evaluated because of symptoms possibly related to arrhythmias. In 37 patients (age 72.8 +/- 2.7 years) the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias (LOWN greater than or equal to 1) was greater during ET (67%) than during 24-h LT-ECG recording (48%, P less than 0.01). Complex ventricular arrhythmias were detected in 6/37 patients (16%) by ET, in 9/37 patients (24%) by LT-ECG, in one patient (3%) by both tests and in 14/37 patients (37%) by one of the two tests, while 23/37 patients (63%) had no significant complex arrhythmias recorded by either test. During ET 12 patients (32%) showed signs of myocardial ischaemia with ST-depression greater than or equal to 0.2 mV and/or increasing angina pectoris. In 42% of these patients complex ventricular arrhythmias LOWN greater than or equal to 3 occurred during ET. Thus both ET and LT-ECG are useful methods to uncover arrhythmias in symptomatic patients older than 70 years and have to be considered as complementary tools.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Induction of ventricular tachycardia by pacemaker programming.

The induction of ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation by competitive pacing, especially in the setting of acute myocardial ischemia, is well known. A case of ventricular tachycardia induced by a multiprogrammable unipolar cathodal ventricular pacemaker is reported. The arrhythmia was caused by reprogramming, which necessitates a short switch to fixed rate pacing in this model (Spectrax 5985 SX). This potential hazard is not well established in patients with unipolar pacemakers. The use of the magnet as one of the preconditions for reprogramming should be avoided in future pacemakers.

Bradycardia↗
PubMed1982

Myocardial perfusion evaluated by contrast echocardiography. A preliminary report.

The usefulness of contrast echocardiography for demonstration of myocardial perfusion was studied on six mongrel dogs. Two contrast agents tested were: (1) 0.9 percent saline solution, and (2) CO2-enriched saline solution (containing 0.2 ml CO2/10 ml). Only the latter solution produced an elucidation of the myocardium and allowed an estimation of the distribution and flow velocity of the contrast agent, which was characterized using the following three parameters: (1) transmural flow time (0.13 +/- 0.02 s x +/- SEM); (2) circumferential flow time (1.43 +/- 0.31 s); and (3) persistence time (42.0 +/- 4.3 s). There were no serious side effects on hemodynamics or heart rhythm. Thus, contrast echocardiography offers the possibility of detecting and quantitating myocardial perfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Hemodynamics of congestive cardiomyopathy].

202 patients with congestive cardiomyopathy have been classified according to their hemodynamic, angiographic, echocardiographic and scintigraphic findings: 72 patients were in the late stage (LS), 103 patients in an early stage (ES) and 17 patients showed a latent form of the disease. 48% of the hemodynamic ES were found to be clinically in stage IV NYHA and 53% of ES fell in class III. 40% of the patients with LS showed a stationary clinical course whereas 46% could improve their classification by one grade. The mortality in hemodynamic LS was 46% within an interval of 18 +/- 14 months after the diagnosis. In ES 64% showed a stable clinical course, where a 22% were deteriorating. Mortality in this group was 10%. Sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography (93 vs 80%) and radionuclide methods (80 vs 71%) were quite good in the late stage whereas in ES specificity was only 71% vs 80%. There was a discrepancy between the degree of myocardial impairment and clinical symptoms in the late stage whereas in the early stage there was no correlation between exercise capacity and LV-hemodynamics. Non-invasive methods allow the hemodynamic evaluation of the disease; invasive methods are required for clarification of diagnosis or establishing prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental model for determination of an "in vivo" area at risk accounting for the quantity and distribution of collateral flow (author's transl)].

To determine the influence of interventions on infarct size numerous studies have attempted a comparison between treatment and control groups. This has been complicated by the great variability in the quantity of necrosis due to the differences in coronary bed size and collateral flow. An experimental model is presented in which it is possible to determine an "area at risk of infarction" at several time points during the evolution of the infarct. This model allows to estimate infarct size that may be expected under the present conditions, prior to interventions, early, in vivo and in the same experiment. It is possible to quantitate topographically changes in collateral flow and to investigate the effect of intervention in the same experiment. We found a correlation of life-threatening arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation with the size of the "myocardium at risk of infarction" and with the size of the infarcts measured post mortem. Several beneficial interventions were studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Computer assisted long-term ECG analysis: method and clinical importance (author's transl)].

The basic principle of computer assisted analysis of Holter recordings is to store the whole ECG after data reduction and AD conversion in digitized form on random access medium like magnetic disks. In "Multipass Scanning" the linear segmentation techniques leads to highly reproducible ECG-data, which were analysed during multiple passes under continuous operator control. The field of clinical applications of such a highly sophisticated method reaches from supraventricular over ventricular to symptomatic arrhythmias. In combination with ECG-telefon-telemetry computer assisted LT-ECG analysis could be used in more than 75% of the patients successfully. The clinical expectations during routine could be fulfilled in more than 75%. Commonly a detailed numerical or graphical description of clinical relevant arrhythmias were necessary in the demand of the routine. So computer assisted LT-ECG analysis is not only a tool for research, but also valuable in the clinical routine.

Arrhythmia, Sinus↗
PubMed1981

Value of exercise testing for prediction of physical and psychosocial rehabilitation potential 3 months after acute myocardial infarction.

In 147 patients exercise tests were performed at the beginning and after 1 year of an ambulatory rehabilitation program. Measurements of both tests and the degree of functional improvement were correlated with patients' characteristics, the results of a psychological analysis using the Freiburger Personality Inventory and a patient's questionnaire for self-assessment. Among the major determinants for functional improvement were age, location of the infarct, rate of participation and greater initial functional impairment. High degree of psychosomatic impairment accompanied low levels of exercise capacity, the patients' self-assessment showed no correlation with exercise performance.

Adult↗