Presence of specific receptor binding sites for inhibin in rat spermatids.
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Activin Receptors↗
Biomedical subjects
D Ghosh
Publications and source records attributed to D Ghosh.
Effect of cold exposure on testicular delta 5-3 beta and 17 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities and plasma levels of testosterone in toad (Bufo melanostictus) in breeding and hibernating season: duration-dependent response.
The purpose of this study was to show the effect of cold exposure on testicular activities in breeding and hibernating seasons in the toad. Adult male toads were placed in a cold chamber in both breeding and hibernating seasons for periods of 7, 14 and 21 days. At the time of sacrifice on the 15th and 22nd days, cold-exposed animals showed a decrease in testicular weight, testicular delta 5-3 beta and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities and low levels of plasma testosterone both in breeding and hibernating seasons. There was no significant alteration in the above mentioned steroidogenic enzymes and plasma levels of testosterone after 7 days of cold exposure, both in breeding and hibernating seasons in respect to the control animals. The results of our present experiment suggest that environmental cold is an important modulator of breeding activities in the male toad. It also indicates that the breeding and hibernating cycle in the toad (seasonal breeders) may be asynchronous to each other.
17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
Structure and mechanism of action and inhibition of steroid dehydrogenase enzymes involved in hypertension.
Members of the NADPH-dependent short chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family control blood pressure, fertility, and natural and neoplastic growth. Despite the fact that only one amino acid residue is strictly conserved in the 100 known members of the family, all appear to have a dinucleotide-binding Rossmann fold and homologous catalytic residues including the conserved tyrosine. Variation in the binding pocket creates specificity for steroids, prostaglandins, sugars and alcohols. The critically important tyrosine appears to maintain a fixed position relative to the scaffolding of the Rossmann fold and the cofactor position, while the substrate-binding pocket alters in such a way that the dehydrogenation/reduction reaction site is brought into bonding distance of the tyrosine hydroxyl group. Licorice induces high blood pressure by inhibiting an SDR in the kidney. The crystal structure of the complex of 3alpha,20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and carbenoxolone reveals the mechanism of enzyme inhibition by licorice. The most potent dehydrogenase enzyme inhibitors are those that displace substrate and cofactor and form strong hydrogen bonds to one or more amino acid residues involved in catalysis.
11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
An investigation into the acute and long-term effects of selected yogic postures on fasting and postprandial glycemia and insulinemia in healthy young subjects.
The study was conducted to examine the hypothesis that yogasanas help in the treatment of diabetes mellitus by releasing insulin from the pancreas. Twenty healthy young voluntees (17 male, 3 female; age 19-31 years) participated in the study. Each volunteer performed four sets of asanas in random order for 5 consecutive days each with a 2-day gap between consecutive sets of asanas. The four sets of asanas were: (I) dhanurasana + matsyendrasana, (II) halasana + vajrasana, (III) naukasana + bhujangasana, and (IV) setubandhasana + pavanamuktasana. Blood samples were collected on days 4 and 5 of each set of asanas for measurement of glucose and insulin levels before the asanas, within 10 min after performing the asanas, and 30 min after ingestion of 75 g glucose, which in turn was ingested immediately after the second blood sample. A standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also done before and after the study. On the days of the pre-study or post-study OGTT, no asanas were done. The serum insulin levels after the asanas were lower (P<0.05) than those before the asanas. However, the serum insulin level 0.5 h after the post-asana oral 75 g-glucose challenge was higher (P<0.05) in Set IV than the 0.5 h postprandial insulin level in the pre-study OGTT; the same trend was observed in other sets as well although statistically not significant. The observations suggest that the performance of asanas led to increased sensitivity of the B cells of pancreas to the glucose signal. The increased sensitivity seems to be a sustained change resulting from a progressive long-term effect of asanas. The study is significant in that it has for the first time attempted to probe the mechanism by which yogasanas help diabetes mellitus.
Adult↗
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection: a case report.
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection is a rare congenital heart disease in which the pulmonary veins drain anomalously into the right atrium or its tributaries. The condition manifests from infancy and has a high mortality rate in infancy and childhood.
Child↗
Effect of lithium chloride on spermatogenesis, testicular delta 5- 3 beta- and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in toad (Bufo melanostictus).
The purpose of the present study was to show the effects of lithium on testicular activities in the toad. Adult male toads were injected with lithium chloride (200 micrograms/toad) of alternate days for 21 days. At the moment of sacrifice on 22nd day, lithium treated animal showed decreases in testicular weight and Leydig cell nuclear area along with inhibition of spermatogenesis and testicular delta 5-3 beta as well as 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities. The results of our present experiment suggest that lithium administration might be associated with significant adverse effects on testicular activity in toad.
17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
Wound infection in cardiac surgery.
During the year 1983, 170 patients underwent open heart surgery; coronary bypass surgery in 50, valve replacement in 69, valve repair in 9 and congenital heart surgery in 47. Sternal wound infection was seen in 14 patients: 10 (5.8%) patients had minor infection, recovered with extended antibiotic therapy and local hygiene, and 4 (2.3%) patients had major wound infection which required debridement and resuturing of the wound, prolonged antibiotic treatment and hospitalization. However no one developed costochondral infection. Sternal wound infection was 6 times higher among coronary bypass patients (20%) than among patients with other types of open heart surgery (3.3%). Leg wound infection was observed in 7 (14%) patients, all minor. The prevalence of diabetics was 54% among coronary-bypass patients and 6.5% among non-coronary group. Wound infection was three times higher in diabetic--or obese patients than among non diabetic--or non obese patients. Infections were not related to age, sex, smoking habits or social class. The interval between catheterisation and operation, the preoperative stay in hospital, preoperative haemoglobin or albumin level, and the time during which the patient was on the ventilator and re-opening the chest for bleeding had no influence. A significantly higher incidence of infection in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery in addition to high prevalence of diabetic or obese patients was related to the longer duration of operation procedure and the coronary perfusion time.
Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗