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Biomedical subjects

D Gerber

Publications and source records attributed to D Gerber.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Thyroid weights and iodized salt prophylaxis: a comparative study from autopsy material from the Institute of Pathology, University of Zurich].

Based on autopsy material from the Institute of Pathology, University of Zürich, thyroid weights and goiter incidence were investigated and the results correlated with goiter prophylaxis. Autopsy protocols of the years 1949/50 adn 1978/79 were reviewed for thyroid weights as well as for age and sex of patients. Average thyroid weights and goiter incidence were determined separately for both sexes and for different age groups. The values for both periods (1949/50) and 1978/79) were compared and related to results reported in the literature. Thirty years ago the mean thyroid weights were very high, although as an effect of goiter prophylaxis with iodized salt, introduced in 1923, the thyroids of younger adults were significantly lighter than those of older groups. 30 years later the thyroids were only half the weight of those in the years 1949/50. Goiter incidence decreased to the same degree. In addition, some preexisting goiters were found to have decreased in size within the 30 year span. The average thyroid weights of adults up to 40 years of age are now largely the same as in regions without endemic goiter. The few remaining goiters may be explained by a still insufficient iodination of table salt. However, other pathogenic factors, e.g. disturbances of hormone synthesis, must also be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of frequent sun exposure on bacterial colonization of skin.

The bacteria colonizing the surface of the skin of a group of frequent sunbathers and a group of infrequent sunbathers were surveyed. Frequent sunbathing does not greatly affect the total number of organisms on the skin, but does tend to increase the proportion of bacteria containing carotenoid pigments.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Psychosocial aspects of truancy in early adolescence.

The authors studied truancy in junior high school students, largely by structured interviews of 33 truants. Truancy at this age was commonly associated with significant difficulties at home, at school and with peers. Two modal types of truants were delineated: "authority defying" and "peer phobic." The school environment, including the response to truancy and the transition to the junior high, was found to play a critical role in creating and aggravating truancy. The authors discuss the findings with respect to strategies for prevention and remediation.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1973

The effects of secretagogues on the incorporation of (2- 3 H)myoinositol into lipid in cytological fractions in the pancreas of the guinea pig in vivo.

Stimulation of enzyme secretion in the pancreas on injection of a single dose of the cholinergic drug, pilocarpine, was associated with an increased incorporation of [2-(3)H]myoinositol into a lipid, which was previously characterized as phosphatidylinositol. Stimulation of enzyme secretion by hourly injection of the pancreozymin congener, caerulein, led to more increased phosphatidylinositol synthesis than with a single injection of pilocarpine. The amylase level of the pancreas remained at a low level as long as caerulein was injected, indicating continued stimulation of enzyme secretion even though increased phosphatidylinositol synthesis ceased after 6 h. Feeding gave the same stimulation of phosphatidylinositol synthesis as caerulein. The major synthesis of phosphatidylinositol in controls and the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol synthesis by pilocarpine was entirely confined to the microsome fraction throughout the experiments (up to 18 h). This shows that there is no flow of microsomal membrane (smooth- or rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum) to other membranous structures throughout the secretory cycle and beyond. It is concluded that the stimulation of phosphatidylinositol synthesis by pancreatic secretagogues is confined to microsomal elements and does not play any role in membrane flow.

Amylases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sustained attention in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.

There is substantial evidence that PTSD patients have information processing abnormalities for stimuli that are highly relevant to the traumas they have endured. The goal of the present study was to examine whether this extends to neutral stimuli as well. Twenty-four male Vietnam combat veterans with PTSD were compared to fifteen normal male comparison subjects on their performance on a sensitive measure of sustained attention, the Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs version (CPT-IP). PTSD subjects did not differ from controls in their ability to discriminate target stimuli from background noise on the CPT. Additionally they performed as well as controls, even in the presence of external distraction. Thus, this study did not find a generalized deficit in attention associated with PTSD on the CPT-IP. Nevertheless, further clarification of the nature of the information processing disturbance in PTSD is warranted.

Adult↗