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Biomedical subjects

D G Young

Publications and source records attributed to D G Young.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Barium enema examination in neonates with suspected necrotising enterocolitis.

Sixteen neonates with suspected necrotising enterocolitis (N.E.C.) underwent a contrast enema examination as part of their initial assessment. It confirmed the presence of N.E.C. in 12 patients, and showed more extensive disease than suggested by plain x-ray in 4 patients. This has resulted in an alteration of their management. Two neonates showed colonic perforation, the contrast confirmed the presence of an established perforation with absence of free intraperitoneal gas in one and initiated a perforation in the other. Both underwent immediate laparotomy and colostomy. Restorative surgery was performed a month later with no subsequent intestinal problems. The use of a contrast enema examination in neonates with suspected N.E.C. has generally been discouraged (1). The role of this examination in the acute phase of N.E.C. is discussed.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1986

Brain peptides and glial growth. II. Identification of cells that secrete glia-promoting factors.

Glia-promoting factors (GPFs) are brain peptides which stimulate growth of specific macroglial populations in vitro. To identify the cellular sources of GPFs, we examined enriched brain cell cultures and cell lines derived from the nervous system for the production of growth factors. Ameboid microglia secreted astroglia-stimulating peptides, while growing neurons were the best source of the oligodendroglia-stimulating factors. These secretion products co-purified by gel filtration, anion exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography with GPFs isolated from goldfish and rat brain. Our findings suggest that glial growth in the central nervous system is regulated in part by a signaled release of peptides from specific secretory cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Central venous catheterisation in very low birthweight infants.

Forty two premature babies (mean birth weight 980 g, mean gestation 27.6 weeks) had central venous lines inserted at a mean age of 10 days through the internal jugular vein because of poor peripheral venous access and for purposes of parenteral feeding and minimal handling. Eight babies died from complications of prematurity and four from septicaemia with a central line in situ, but the other 30 babies had lines in place for a mean of 20 days. A mean weight gain of 17.5 g/kg/day was recorded. Eight babies showed signs of infection at a mean of 22 days after insertion of the line. The other complications were thrombosis related to the catheter (three cases), embolisation (two), and hydrocephalus related to superior vena caval thrombosis (one). The policy of management is outlined, and the risks and benefits of the technique are analysed.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1986

Biology of Arboledas virus, a new phlebotomus fever serogroup virus (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus) isolated from sand flies in Colombia.

Six isolates of a new phlebotomus fever serogroup virus, designated Arboledas virus, were obtained from sand flies (Lutzomyia spp.) collected in northeastern Colombia. One of the isolates was made from a pool of male sand flies. By immunofluorescence, Arboledas virus is related to Caimito and Pacui viruses; by neutralization test, it is distinct. Arboledas virus neutralizing antibodies were found in the sera of opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) and humans living in the study area. D. marsupialis inoculated with the virus developed a viremia of four days' duration, and sand flies (Lutzomyia gomezi) feeding on a viremic opossum were readily infected. Transovarial transmission of Arboledas virus was also demonstrated in experimentally infected Lu. gomezi. Results of the above laboratory studies suggest that Arboledas virus is maintained in nature by two mechanisms: vertical (transovarial) transmission in the insect vector, and an alternating marsupial-sand fly cycle. The implications of this complex maintenance cycle for other phleboviruses are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Pierre Robin syndrome and pulmonary hypertension.

Five infants with Pierre Robin syndrome developed evidence of carbon dioxide retention and congestive cardiac failure despite measures to alleviate upper airway obstruction. Investigations included chest radiography, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization; pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed. In two cases raised main pulmonary artery pressures of 40 mm Hg and 120 mm Hg were recorded. Relief of upper airway obstruction was achieved by tracheostomy in three cases and nasopharyngeal intubation in two cases, with reversal of signs of cor pulmonale in each. Four patients progressed well with no recurrence of cardiac problems but one died suddenly one month after apparently successful management by tracheostomy.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Carcinoid syndrome: an unusual cause of diarrhoea.

A 9 year old girl underwent laparotomy because of intermittent diarrhoea, present since infancy. Histology of a mass at the head of pancreas and multiple hepatic nodules suggested an apudoma. Plasma serotonin and urinary excretion of 5 hydroxy indole acetic acid were raised. The child is asymptomatic four years after diagnosis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

Pericarditis resulting from infection and fistula between the left ventricle and transverse colon.

A patient is described who presented with acute pericarditis and acute ulcerative colitis. Previous resection of a left ventricular apical aneurysm had been performed four years earlier, and no problems had arisen until pericarditis developed. After hospital admission and investigation, the patient's condition suddenly deteriorated, and he died. Autopsy showed the causes of death to be a fistula between the left ventricle and transverse colon and septicemia.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗
PubMed1984

Duodenal ulceration presenting in childhood longterm follow-up.

Forty-one children diagnosed as suffering from duodenal ulceration by endoscopy and barium studies have been reviewed 5 to 15 years (mean 8.6 years) later. Mean age at diagnosis was 8.6 years. All were managed medically as children. Fifty-one percent are now asymptomatic, off all treatment; the rest have chronic symptoms typical of duodenal ulcer. Six patients (15%) required surgery, four as emergencies for complications and two for failure of medical management.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Alloxan therapy for nesidioblastosis.

Two patients with nesidioblastosis presented to the Royal Hospital for Sick Children in Glasgow and developed recurrent hypoglycemia after subtotal pancreatectomy. They were treated successfully with alloxan (mesoxalyl urea). Alloxan is recommended as an alternative to further radical surgery.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1984

Abdominal trauma in children.

This paper reviews the clinical records of 99 children admitted to hospital over a 12 year period after significant abdominal trauma. Most were in the 8-10 years old group and there were almost twice as many boys as girls. Laparotomy was necessary in one-third of the patients. There were seven deaths in the series, all of whom had multiple injuries. There were no deaths as a consequence of intra-abdominal injury alone.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1984

Necrotising enterocolitis experience with 54 neonates.

Fifty-four neonates transferred to the neonatal surgical unit because of acute necrotising enterocolitis (N.E.C.) are presented. Eleven died (20.4%), of whom seven were treated conservatively and four by operation. Ten patients required surgical exploration because of intestinal perforation, obstruction or suspected perforation. Another five neonates presented with intestinal perforation and were treated by percutaneous catheter drainage of the peritoneal cavity because of their extreme prematurity. Nine patients developed a colonic stricture diagnosed between six weeks and a year after the onset of the disease. Another six patients showed a segment of colonic narrowing detected on barium enema radiography without clinical evidence of bowel obstruction. They were treated conservatively and showed complete resolution at follow up studies.

Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗