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Biomedical subjects

D G Waller

Publications and source records attributed to D G Waller.

99 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Impairment of cyclic AMP response to bovine parathyroid hormone in patients on chronic lithium therapy with diminished renal urine-concentrating ability.

1. Urinary and plasma levels of adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) after an intravenous injection of bovine parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured in 12 patients on long-term lithium treatment and in nine control subjects. The maximum urine osmolality (Umax.) after an intravenous injection of desamino-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) was also measured. 2. In all the control subjects and six of the patients, the Umax. after DDAVP exceeded 700 mosmol/kg. The cyclic AMP responses in these two groups did not differ significantly. 3. In the remaining six patients whose Umax. did not reach 700 mosmol/kg, the cyclic AMP response to PTH was significantly less than that of the controls. 4. A strong correlation was demonstrated in the patients between the urinary cyclic AMP response after PTH and the maximum osmolality after the administration of DDAVP. 5. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that reduced adenylate cyclase activity contributes to the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in patients on long-term lithium treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Granulomatous vasculitis of the penis with glomerulonephritis.

Wegener's granulomatosis is characterized by a necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tract together with glomerulonephritis. Presentation is usually with symptoms referrable to the upper respiratory tract, the glomerulonephritis manifesting itself weeks or months later. A case is reported of a man presenting with a necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of his penis who subsequently developed glomerulonephritis 18 months later.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The site of protein loss in Schönlein-Henoch purpura.

Schönlein-Henoch purpura may be complicated by hypoproteinaemia, which in most patients is due to the development of nephrotic syndrome. However, in some proteinuria is insignificant and enteric protein loss has been suggested as the cause. A case with supportive evidence for this is reported.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Acute appendicitis in association with non-obstructive carcinoma of the caecum.

A case of carcinoma of the caecum is reported, which presented as acute appendicitis, although the carcinoma did not obstruct either the lumen of the appendix or the colon. The prognosis for caecal or proximal colonic neoplasm presenting as appendicitis is poor. This is in part due to the association being missed at the initial laparotomy. It is suggested that a more aggessive attitude should be taken in the pre- and post-operative management of any patient over 50 years of age who presents with appendicitis. The difficulties of identifying a small tumour at laparotomy even if the mucosa can be palpated are emphasized.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of drug treatment on quality of life in mild to moderate heart failure.

The most frequently reported symptoms in heart failure are fatigue and dyspnoea, which limit exercise tolerance. However, several surveys reveal other changes in physical and psychological well-being which affect the patient's perception of 'quality of life'. The introduction of new treatments for heart failure has stimulated interest in their impact on quality of life. Until recently, attempts to quantify well-being were restricted to assessment of symptoms which affect exercise capacity or classification of the functional capacity of the patient from his ability to perform everyday tasks. Although drug treatment can improve these measures, they are insensitive to change and also provide little information on the more subtle disturbances which patients may perceive as important determinants of their overall well-being. More comprehensive assessments of quality of life have been devised and validated in heart failure. Early results indicate that inotropic drugs such as digoxin and xamoterol can improve these measures. However, at present there is too little information from studies using these questionnaires to compare the wider benefits of individual drug treatments.

Cardiac Output, Low↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methylprednisolone pulses and urine electrolyte excretion.

The mineralocorticoid activity of methylprednisolone pulses was assessed by measurement of urine electrolyte excretion prior to and during alternate day pulsing in patients with skin or joint disease. Two groups were studied: the first receiving pulses, but no other steroid; the second having taken oral prednisolone prior to and during pulsing. Urine sodium excretion in 24 hr urine specimens from both groups was suppressed, with no rebound between pulses, but a gradual "escape" occurred from the effects of continued pulsing. Four hour urine collections demonstrated suppression of urinary sodium excretion for up to 32 hr after pulsing with gradual recovery. The peak recovery in sodium excretion coincided with the subsequent pulse and was insufficient to compensate for the preceding sodium retention. Alternate day pulsing does not, therefore, reduce the risk of sodium retention from large doses of methylprednisolone.

Electrolytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Kallikrein release from the kidney: in vitro effects of AVP and DDAVP in three species.

Kallikrein released during superfusion of rat, monkey and human kidney cortical slices was mainly in the inactive form. Arginine vasopressin and the nonpressor synthetic analogue des-amino-D-arginine vasopressin increased the release of inactive kallikrein to a similar extent in all species. No detectable change in active kallikrein release occurred. These results suggest a role for the kallikrein-kinin system in the regulation of the hydro-osmotic effect of arginine vasopressin.

Animals↗