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Biomedical subjects

D G Pappas

Publications and source records attributed to D G Pappas.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

A two-year diagnostic report on bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in infants and children.

The earliest possible diagnostic evaluation of bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment among infants and children is of the utmost importance for the future well-being of these patients. In this article the otologic significance of the pediatric medical history and physical examination is demonstrated based on 127 case histories of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss seen during the period 1980 to 1982. Along with neonatal viral screening processes, polytomography is shown to be the most important laboratory procedure for diagnostic evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Diagnostic evaluations in pediatric cases of congenital bilateral sensorineural deafness.

The earliest possible diagnostic evaluation of hearing impairment among infants and children is of the utmost importance for their future well-being. The essential features of the family history and the pediatric physical examination are reviewed, discussed, and illustrated in studies and actual case histories of congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing loss.

Child↗
PubMed1983

A study of the high-risk registry for sensorineural hearing impairment.

In the medical evaluation, rehabilitation, and education of the hearing impaired, the first line of defense is the high-risk factor screening for sensorineural damage of all neonates. The most efficacious means of neonatal screening for those factors affecting sensorineural hearing damage is the employment of a high-risk registry. Based on a retrospective study of 109 children with sensorineural loss, high-risk factors and how improved use of the high-risk registry permits earlier detection (and statistically more successful rehabilitation) for such auditory-impaired children are discussed. The importance of pediatric screening of all neonates for hearing loss, in addition to use of the high-risk registry, is evidenced by the fact that only 46% of the children retrospectively identified in our study would have routinely appeared among the high-risk infants were the registry used alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Endolymphatic shunt: an evaluation by test results.

Failure in the endolymphatic shunt operation for Meniere's disease is reportedly 30% or more. The fact that many patients have relief from their symptoms following this surgery offers validity to the procedure. Pure tone audiograms and sinusoidal harmonic acceleration (rotary chair or rotary test, RT) were used concurrently to evaluate end-results of this operation in 31 patients with Meniere's disease. RT shows parameters of phase and labyrinthine preponderance (LP) calculated by a computer. LP was determined by separately integrating the total slow-phase output of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to the left and right and converting the differences to percentages. Irritative and destructive lesions in Meniere's disease may be accurately resolved using this technique. It was not possible to predict with any accuracy the irritative-destructive parameter using pure tone audiometry. Patients who had irritative lesions fared better with the shunt operation. An analysis of these patients is made with RT.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1982

Sensorineural hearing loss: infectious agents.

Twenty-eight children with sensorineural hearing loss resulting from viral (17) or infectious (11) agents were analyzed according to the degree and stability of the loss and the age at identification. Early identification and determination of etiology is enhanced when a viral screen is performed in the nursery, and of questionable value when viral studies are done later. Eighty percent of the the children who sustained a permanent loss as a result of meningitis had severe-profound losses. Serial hearing testing should be done every 6 months for these children who are at risk for progression or fluctuations in their hearing loss.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Diagnostic conclusions from computerized smooth pursuit tracking data.

Measures of phase (lead or lag of target), gain (amplitude of response), and spectral purity (distortion of smooth tracking) were obtained by a cross-power spectral analysis of the stimulus input and the eye movement output. Normal patients showed no central involvement of the pursuit pathways in the central nervous system. Patients with central lesions had marked deficits. At this time it is premature to try to localize the site of lesion on the basis of these raw data. A small sample of known diagnoses have been chosen to evaluate this tracking system. Hopefully, this method will contribute to a better understanding of the neural pathways of vestibulo-oculomotor function and provide diagnostic information.

Cerebellar Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Incus reposition: goblet prosthesis.

A stainless steel goblet shaped prosthesis is used to attach the repositioned incus to the stapes. A two year follow-up was made of the first 116 patients in which the prosthesis was used for ossicular reconstruction. The incidence of extrusion and ankylosis is diminished, and 75% of all cases had closure within 10 db. An additional 20% had closure within 20 db of bone conduction thresholds. Revisions have been less with this technique than with others: 40% of 116 patients had an uncomplicated tympanoplasty; 60% had a tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy. The results are, of course, more favorable in the group without mastoidectomy. Of these, 86% had closure to within 10 db of bone conduction level. These findings suggest that the use of the goblet prosthesis results in improved hearing. These findings conclude that the use of the goblet prosthesis results in better hearing than that obtained with other methods of ossicular chain reconstruction.

Ear Ossicles↗