Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D G Ikkos

Publications and source records attributed to D G Ikkos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

The effect of cimetidine on parathyroid function and histopathology in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Recent evidence suggests that cimetidine given pre-operatively in primary hyperparathyroidism (1 degree HPT) might cause structural changes in parathyroid glands, while its suppressive effects on the disease are disputable. To determine these possible changes we studied 38 patients with 1 degree HPT who underwent parathyroidectomy. In 14 of these (group I) cimetidine was given pre-operatively (1000 mg orally daily for 4 weeks). The remaining 24 patients (group II) did not take any drug. Parathyroid function was estimated by nephrogenous cAMP (NcAMP) and serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) measurements. Histological examination of the parathyroids was made by conventional techniques. In group I at the end of cimetidine treatment, the only change observed was a small but significant (p less than 0.05) decrease of plasma calcium (-0.77 mg/dl). Histologically, the glands of group I--compared with those of group II--showed the following findings: increased gland mass: mean increase 1050 mg (adenomas) and 700 mg (hyperplasias); central oedema in all the cases of group I only; increased (about 50 per cent) cellular size and intranuclear 'inclusions' in 10 out of 14 cases of group I only. It is concluded that treatment with cimetidine in 1 degree HPT is followed by histopathologic alterations leading to increased size of the diseased parathyroids.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Spontaneous sexual development and menarche in a female with 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency.

Case report of a 46-year-old female with clinical and laboratory findings typical for 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency who had spontaneous menarche and thereafter regular menses until the age of 28, when menstruation stopped after right and left ovariectomy at the age of 27 and 28 yr, respectively. Common and electron microscopy study of one (left) excised adrenal showed no recognizable histological zones, nodular hyperplasia of the cells found normally in the zona fasciculata and complete absence of the cells of the zona glomerulosa. Treatment of hypertension with spironolactone (for 20 days) and aminoglutethimide (for 15 days) was ineffective, while glucocorticosteroid treatment was highly successful.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1985

Radioiodine-131 treatment of thyrotoxicosis: dose required for and some factors affecting the early induction of hypothyroidism.

The results of sodium iodide 131I treatment of thyrotoxicosis in 1,168 patients (302 males, 866 females; 58.5% diffuse and 41.5% multinodular toxic goitre) are presented. At the end of the 1st year post-treatment, 54.4% were hypothyroid, and the incidence of hypothyroidism after the 2nd year increased by 3% per year. When the results were analysed according to the calculated radiation dose the thyroid, it was found that the cumulative incidence of hypothyroidism from 6 months to 2 years post-treatment rose almost proportionally to the dose in cases of doses of 1,500-15,000 rad, but increased very little for higher doses; however, the long-term incidence of hypothyroidism was almost independent of the thyroid dose. Multivariate analysis showed that the results of 131I therapy at 6 months depended also on sex (treatment being more effective in women), the consistency of the thyroid gland and the year of treatment, with the same radiation dose giving a higher incidence of hypothyroidism in patients treated recently, in comparison to those treated early in the period studied. Of the patients treated in the period 1978-1982 (mean dose, 300 microCi/g), 93.5% were cured with a single dose of 131I, and 78% were hypothyroid at 6 months post-treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

HLA antigens in Greek patients with thyrotoxicosis (Graves' disease and toxic nodular goiter).

HLA-A and B-antigens were tested by a standard microlymphocytotoxicity technique in 126 controls and 225 thyrotoxic patients of Greek origin [173 with Graves' disease and 52 with toxic nodular goiter (TNG)]. We found: i) an increased frequency of HLA-B8 (21.4% versus 7.1%) and a decreased frequency of HLA-B12 (2.9% versus 18.2%) in Graves' disease when compared with controls; ii) no differences in the distribution of HLA-A, -B antigens in TNG, when compared with either controls or Graves' disease. These findings suggest that the associations between HLA-A, -B antigens and Graves' disease in Greek patients are similar to those reported in other caucasians. The absence of any correlation between HLA-A, -B and TNG provides additional laboratory evidence that TNG and Graves' disease represent different entities.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Volume of sella turcica in normals and patients with peripheral endocrinopathies or idiopathic gonadotropin deficiency.

The volume of sella turcica (VST) was estimated from x-ray films in i) 883 control subjects (507 men and 376 women), ii) 135 adult patients with peripheral endocrine gland insufficiences (71 of the thyroid, 15 of the adrenals and 49 of the gonads) and iii) 41 adult patients with idiopathic gonadotropin deficiency. The mean VST value of men (1356 +/- 22 mm3) was significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than that of women (1428 +/- 25 mm3). This difference resulted from a progressive increase of VST in women after the age of 45 (r = 0.254, p less than 0.001); the mean VST value of women aged less than 45 years (1301 +/- 33 mm3) been similar to that of men (p less than 0.05). VST was significantly (p less than 0.001) increased in peripheral endocrine insufficiences, this increase varying approximately between + 30% and + 55% of the mean volume of normals according to the endocrinopathy. Definitely abnormal sella turcica (VST larger than + 2SD) were observed in a percentage smaller than 27% of the cases in all groups. Furthermore, the increase in VST was significantly related to the severity of the disease in primary hypothyroidism (p less than 0.001) and the duration of the abnormal condition in Addison's disease and primary gonadal failure (p less than 0.001). Finally, VST was found within normal limits in patients with idiopathic gonadotropin deficiency. It is concluded that natural (menopause) or pathological peripheral endocrine insufficiency leads to VST enlargement which exceeds the upper normal limits in less than 27% of the cases.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1981

Creatine kinase in seminal plasma of infertile men: activity and isoenzymes.

Creatine kinase (CK) activity was determined in the seminal plasma of 169 men divided in a) 11 groups according to etiological diagnosis of infertility and b) 2 groups on the basis of the normal or abnormal spermiogram. Electrophoretic separation of CK isoenzymes on agarose gel was also performed. We found that: 1) in seminal plasma enzyme activity is 4.2 times higher than the upper limit in normal serum, 2) CK activity in seminal plasma is exclusively due to the isoenzyme BB (CK1). 3) there is a statistically significant difference of the enzyme levels between men with normal spermiogram and oligo-asthenozoo-spermics, yet with wide overlapping of the individual values, 4) there is no correlation between CK activity and the variables of the spermiogram, as well as between enzyme activity and fructose or acid phosphatase in seminal plasma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Relationship between degree of renal failure and impairment of intestinal calcium absorption.

The coefficient of true intestinal calcium absorption (a value) was measured by a double radioisotope technique in 29 chronic renal failure patients (serum creatinine levles 2.5-19.5 mg%) aged 20-75 years. The mean log 10 a (+/- standard error) of these subjects (1.197 +/- 0.031) was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) than that of 52 controls (1.532 +/- 0.024), the geometric mean of the renal failure group (15.7%) being approximately half (46%) of that of the controls (33.9%). The decrease of a value of the uremic patients was more pronounced in the younger than in the older subjects as shown by a statistically significant (r = 0.570; p less than 0.001) positive curvilinear, relationship between a value and age. The lowest intestinal calcium absorptions were observed in patients with a serum creatinine level of approximately 11 mg%, the a values increasing progressively with lower or larger than 11 mg% serum creatinine levels, as shown by a statistically significant (r = 0.485; p less than 0.01) parabolic relationship between a value and serum creatinine. The possible mechanism(s) of this relationship are discussed.

Adult↗