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Biomedical subjects

D Fritschy

Publications and source records attributed to D Fritschy.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Side-effects of frequently administered hypnotics and sedatives as well as of anxiolytics. Results from a Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring (CHDM) program].

The occurrence and age distribution of patients with adverse drug reactions (ADR) were studied on the basis of a total of 17,653 admissions to the medical divisions of the Zieglerspital Bern and the Anna-Seiler-Haus, Inselspital Bern, during the period 1976-1982. Among this population 12,424 patients (70.4%) happened to have been treated with hypnotics, sedatives or anxiolytics. Results are as follows: 1. The occurrence rate of psychic and neurologic symptoms (with the exception of somnolence and hangover) is 0.14% of all treatments if the casualty category "definitely or probably drug-induced" is considered. For "other ADR" (non-psychic, non-neurologic) the rate is 0.16%. For the benzodiazepine preparations, the psychic and neurologic ADR occurred at about the same rate as for the neuroleptic drugs studied, whereas "other ADR" related to benzodiazepines were observed in only 0.04% of treatments. 2. There is a marked difference in ADR symptoms between benzodiazepines and neuroleptics. With benzodiazepines the most severe reactions were two episodes of shortlived respiratory arrest immediately after intravenous administration. With neuroleptic drugs the most severe symptoms were choreoathetosis, dyskinesia, hyperkinesia and Parkinson's syndrome. There was no fatal reaction. 3. With benzodiazepines there is a slight but significant increase in the occurrence of psychic and neurologic symptoms in the older group of patients, as compared to the younger patients, whereas with neuroleptics there is no age dependence.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Plastic surgery of the ligament for chronic lateral instability of the ankle].

Ten patients with chronic lateral instability of the ankle have been treated by operation using a homograft of preserved skin and scar tissue to reinforce the lateral ligament complex. The technique is simple and cheap. We have analysed the functional stability of the ankles after operation by E. M. G. and Cybex studies of the appropriate muscle groups when standing on an unstable platform and during normal gait. The passive tension of the ligaments is of greater value in stabilising the ankle than active contraction of the muscles. The peroneus brevis has an important action in opposing varus stress, and should be preserved rather than used for ligament substitution.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The subtalar sprain. A roentgenographic study.

Subtalar and ankle sprains are more frequently associated than previously suspected. In this study, 40 patients were analyzed, using subtalar arthrograms and ankle stress films. Thirty-two of the 40 patients had a rupture involving components of both subtalar and ankle capsuloligamentous structures. If ignored or improperly treated, these lesions may develop into a sinus tarsi syndrome or a chronically painful and unstable ankle. Negative stress films in the presence of a clinically serious ankle injury should arouse suspicion of an underlying subtalar sprain, as demonstrated in six patients with positive arthrograms.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Skin side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics and so-called minor analgesics. Report from the Berne Comprehensive Hospital Monitor].

9118 of 19,653 inpatients of two internal medicine divisions were treated with analgesics and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs including minor analgesics (NSAID). In the first part of the study all generalized skin reactions (gsr) considered to be probably or definitely due to a drug were evaluated clinically. In 23 out of 91 patients with a drug induced skin reaction, this was judged to be mainly related to an NSAID drug rather than any other drug (= 0.3% of patients exposed to an NSAID). The 26 reactions of the 23 patients were as follows: 15 maculo-papular exanthemas, 6 urticarias, 2 angioedema, 2 serum sickness syndromes and 1 erythema nodosum. In the second part we did statistical calculations only on the basis of the time/exposure relationship to ascertain the rate of gsr with chemotherapeutics and antibiotics (group B), with NSAID including minor analgesics (group A) and with all other drugs. 10.8% occurred with B, 1.8% with A without B and 0.9% without A and without B. The difference between 1.8% (A without B) and 0.9% (neither A nor B) is significant (p less than 0.05).

Analgesics↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructural modifications of muscle in three types of compartment syndrome.

The histological and ultrastructural aspects of three cases representing different types of compartment syndromes are analyzed. In the acute syndrome edema is the prominent feature. The two chronic cases are characterized by an accumulation of intermyofibrillar lipid globules. All three have in common mitochondrial enlargement, disorganization of the cristae and paracrystalline inclusions. These pathological findings are discussed in the light of lesions seen in striated muscle ischaemia or in certain metabolic myopathies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

[Exanthema during frequent use of antibiotics and antibacterial drugs (penicillin, especially aminopenicillin, cephalosporin and cotrimoxazole) as well as allopurinol. Results of The Berne Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Program].

Of 19,653 patients hospitalized in the medical divisions of two teaching hospitals, 3980 were treated with an aminopenicillin, 808 with other penicillins, 427 with a cephalosporin, 2619 with cotrimoxazole and 846 with allopurinol. The first part of the study deals only with the incidence of exanthemas definitely or probably due to a specific drug on the basis of clinical considerations. The exanthema incidence is 8.0% for aminopenicillins, 4.7% for other penicillins, 1.9% for cephalosporins and 2.8% for cotrimoxazole. The second part of the study employs a cross-tabulation to determine the incidence of exanthemas definitely and probably drug-induced, and the temporal relationship of these reactions to aminopenicillin and allopurinol exposure. The observed risks of developing an exanthema are as follows: aminopenicillin without allopurinol 10.1%, aminopenicillin combined with allopurinol 7.2%, allopurinol without aminopenicillin 3.0%, neither of the two drugs 1.5%. The increased incidence of exanthemas observed by the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program (BCDSP) in patients concomitantly treated with aminopenicillin and allopurinol was not confirmed by our results. Our hypothesis is that the time of exposure to aminopenicillins might have been shorter for patients of the BCDSP who were not treated in connection with neoplastic disease and did not receive allopurinol. The incidence of aminopenicillin induced exanthemas increases severalfold with the duration of exposure time during the first 2-3 weeks. In the CHDMB, on the other hand, exposure time does not differ between the patients treated with aminopenicillin alone or in combination with allopurinol.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1986

Fall in systolic blood pressure due to metamizol (dipyrone, noramidopyrine, novaminsulfone). Results from the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB).

A fall in systolic blood pressure which was not accompanied by any other symptoms of anaphylactic shock was first observed in 1972 and 1973 by our team in four patients after they had received metamizol-containing drugs parenterally. Of the 17,407 patients monitored from 1974-1981, ten further cases exhibited a fall in systolic blood pressure within minutes up to six hours after intravenous administration of metamizol. In all of these cases, a causal relationship between drug administration (0.5-2.5 g) and the reaction described was considered 'likely' or even 'definite'. During the same period, 67 arterial hypotensive incidents were registered in connection with other drugs. Between 1976 and 1981, 7 out of 15,678 patients monitored in the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB) showed this adverse reaction. In relative figures, this represents 0.34% of the 2,053 patients who received parenteral treatment with a metamizol preparation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Significance of age, sex, kidney function, atopy and number of prescriptions for the occurrence of adverse drug reactions, studied by multivariate statistical methods. Results from the Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB)].

UNLABELLED: The influence of five factors (age, sex, renal function, atopy and number of drugs) on the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is analysed by multivariate statistical methods (loglinear models for contingency tables). The study is based on a total of 19,653 inpatients in the "Comprehensive Hospital Drug Monitoring Berne (CHDMB)". RESULTS: 1. The risk of ADRs mainly increases with the number of drugs. 2. Increasing age and female sex are also confirmed as risk factors by these statistical methods. Reduced renal function (increased serum creatinine) is strongly correlated with advancing age. Renal function, however, yields more pertinent information on ADR risk than does age. 3. In atopic and non-atopic patients, the ADR risk is identical. In both groups of patients the same number of drugs was given. If the pathogenetic mechanisms of the ADRs (allergic or pharmacologic in the broad sense) are considered, it is found that atopic patients show a ratio of about 2:1 pharmacologic to allergic reactions, compared to about 3:1 in non-atopic subjects. A reduction in the incidence of ADRs is best attained by even more restricted use of drugs and better and earlier adaptation of drug dosage to diminished renal function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The treatment of bone lesions in myelomatosis (author's transl)].

41 patients suffering from a bone lesion due to myelomatosis were treated (32 multiple myelomata and 9 solitary myelomata). Diagnosis was established by biopsy in 9 cases. In 8 cases there was compression of the spinal cord or of a spinal root. 15 pathological fractures were treated by fixation and bony union was always obtained. In 7 other cases, fixation was used to prevent fracture and 2 patients had a total joint prosthesis. It is concluded that the treatment of the bony lesions of myelomatosis is comparable to that of bony metastases but the average survival is much longer.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Conservative treatment of tibial fractures using Sarmiento's functional technic].

A conservative functional technique of treatment of tibial fractures is described. This method allows the mobilization of knee and ankle joints and early weight-bearing. The leg is fitted into an Orthoplast orthosis fixed to a plastic sole which permits the wearing of shoe and sock. The experience in 56 patients is described. Excellent function results obtained after a relatively short time recommend this type of treatment.

Adolescent↗