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Biomedical subjects

D Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to D Friedman.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal blood flow velocity in neonates with and without umbilical artery catheters.

We performed an observational prospective cohort study on the applicability of two-dimensional echocardiography with pulsed Doppler technique as a noninvasive modality to serially evaluate renal blood velocities in premature neonates with and without umbilical artery catheters. We also sought to determine the incidence of umbilical artery catheter-related thrombus formation in our neonatal intensive-care unit. We established normative values for renal artery blood flow velocities in premature neonates and postulate that this echo-Doppler technique is valid and can be used to evaluate renal developmental physiology in the neonatal population. In addition, we observed that even in the absence of clinical sequelae due to thrombus formation, the presence of a thrombus in the aorta caused abnormalities in renal hemodynamics.

Aortic Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A longitudinal study relating P3 amplitude to schizophrenia spectrum disorders and to global personality functioning.

Auditory and visual event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from first-degree relatives (adolescent offspring) of index cases with schizophrenic disorder, affective disorder, or no psychiatric disorder (normal controls) at a mean age of 15 years. Nearly a decade later, these subjects (at a mean age of 25 years) were evaluated for Research Diagnostic Criteria Schizophrenic Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, Unspecified Functional Psychosis, and for DSM-III-R Axis II schizophrenia-related traits and disorders including schizotypal, schizoid, and paranoid features. It was hypothesized, based on Duncan et al (1987a, Duncan 1988), that reduction of P3 amplitude in the auditory (but not the visual) modality would predict subsequent schizophrenic-related outcomes in subjects from the schizophrenic disorder parental group. This specific expectation was not statistically supported. An unanticipated and statistically robust result linking P3 decrements (in both auditory and visual modalities) with poorer Global Personality Functioning was observed for offspring from both psychiatric parental groups and the offspring of the normal control group. These data are consistent with the results of a large number of clinical studies of the P3 component that have demonstrated reductions in P3 amplitude in individuals expressing a wide range of behavioral dysfunctions. Their importance lies in the fact that these P3 amplitude decrements were detected long before the overt behavioral symptoms were identified, and were nonspecific with respect to parental psychiatric diagnostic group.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An event-related potential study of age-related changes in sensitivity to stimulus deviance.

The mismatch negativity (MMN) of the event-related (brain) potential (ERP) has been shown to reflect the storage of information in sensory memory and is thought to reflect the operation of a mechanism that compares frequently occurring standard with infrequently occurring deviant acoustic events. The MMN was recorded from young (mean = 23 years) and elderly (mean = 72 years) adults to small (50 Hz) and large (300 Hz) frequency deviants and to a variety of novel, environmental sounds. At each level of deviance, MMN amplitude was smaller in the ERPs of older relative to younger adults. Young, but not older adults showed robust MMNs at the smallest level of deviance. Moreover, a P3 component was observed in the ERPs of the young to both large tonal and novel deviants, whereas a robust P3 component was evident only to the novel deviants in the ERPs of the old. The data suggest that older adults demonstrate less sensitivity to stimulus deviance and that only highly deviant events are likely to involuntarily capture their attention.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful management of an acquired gastric outlet obstruction with endoscopy guided balloon dilatation.

Antral-pyloric strictures and gastric outlet obstruction are known complications of caustic ingestions. These lesions can develop even in the absence of overt signs of potentially serious upper gastrointestinal tract pathology such as oropharyngeal burns, dysphagia, vomiting, or abdominal pain at the time of ingestion. The development of radial balloon catheters, which can be endoscopically guided into narrow strictures and inflated, offers an alternative therapy to surgical resection of obstructing lesions. We report the successful management of a pyloric stricture secondary to a caustic ingestion by sequential endoscopically guided balloon dilatations and offer guidelines for the use of this procedure.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Basal temporal subdural electrodes in the evaluation of patients with intractable epilepsy.

In evaluation of patients with complex partial seizures who are candidates for surgical treatment, exact definition of the epileptogenic focus is essential for a good surgical outcome. We report a new technique which permits detailed mapping of the epileptogenic activity in the basal temporal lobe and the convexity of the temporal lobe. The technique consists of placement of at least 16 basal temporal electrodes and an additional 64 electrodes covering the temporal convexity. This extensive coverage permits accurate definition of the limits of the epileptogenic focus and also of adjacent functional areas and therefore allows more significant determination than have previous techniques of the ideal extent of the surgical resection. This accuracy cannot be achieved with depth electrodes or the limited coverage provided by previously reported epidural or subdural electrode techniques.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[In situ ductal carcinoma of the breast: current status and our experience].

INTRODUCTION: Selecting the appropriate treatment strategy for the individual patient with DCIS represents a major challenge to the surgeon treating breast cancer in the 1990's. CASES AND METHODS: In this study 48 "pure" DCIS patients, treated at Surgical Department of Genoa University, have been selected and divided into Van Nuys prognostic groups. New prognostic classification (Van Nuys) defines three distinct and easily recognizable groups, each of which has a different likelihood of local recurrence if treated with breast conservation. RESULTS: Our results confirm that the risk of local recurrence increases in close relation with prognostic classification groups and suggests that different forms of DCIS may require different treatments.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biliary ileus. Considerations in surgical strategy].

Gallstone ileus is the small bowel obstruction due to one or more biliary calculi stopped in the enteric lumen. This older patient pathology is often associated with other comorbid medical conditions. Two clinical reports are analyzed and the various surgical procedures critically evaluated.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Definitive breast cancer surgery as an outpatient: rationale and our experience].

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of outpatient breast definitive surgery. CASE AND METHODS: Between January 2001 and September 2003 181 definitive breast cancer surgical approaches were performed at Surgical Department of Genoa University on 173 patients. Mean age was 60 years (28-92). All the patients were discharged the day of surgery or the day after in the morning. RESULTS: There were no major complications or deaths. The specific complication rate was similar to inpatient setting and there was no readmission. The patients' quality of life and satisfaction were satisfactory or good. DISCUSSION: In conclusion, holding in due consideration some philosophical and technical changes, breast cancer surgery can be safely and comfortably performed on an outpatient basis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[2 cases of death caused by hepatic insufficiency after jejuno-ileal bypass for obesity].

Reference is made to 2 cases of fatal liver failure following jejuno-ileal by-pass for obesity, in which necropsy shown micronodular and the rarer fragmentary necrosis, in addition to serious steatosis. Liver alterations following by-pass are usually reversible and respond to the infusion of medicaments. The indication for surgical re-establishment of continuity, in which, if timely, leads to normalisation of liver shape and function, must be chosen without hesitation when changes, albeit reversible, appear to threaten life and resist treatment, and in all cases where biopsy points to progression towards irreversible sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Further studies of manually operated self-inflating resuscitation bags.

Four resuscitators were tested, of which three had recently been improved by the manufacturers (Danish-made Ambu, Air Bird, Laerdal Resusci 2), and one was new (Hope 2). All functioned well at extremes of temperature and all would deliver 100 percent O2 to the patient. All are essentially vice-free and represent great steps forward in resuscitator design.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗