Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to D Friedman.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Behavior of plasma insulin and GIP in obese patients subjected to biliopancreatic bypass].

Biliopancreatic bypass for obesity entails a 2/3 distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction, being the small bowel transected at its midpoint and the enteroenteroanastomosis placed 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Insulin and GIP fasting and meal-stimulated plasma concentrations were determined in 13 nonobese healthy volunteers, in 13 nonoperated obese patients, in 11 subjects within two months, in 12 subjects four to twelve months, and in 7 subjects fifteen to twenty months after operation. Insulin in the obese patients was significantly higher than in the control group. Postoperatively these patients showed a sharp reduction in basal and postprandial values. Plasma insulin levels, both basally and following the test meal, were very similar in the 15-20 month and the control group. Plasma GIP fasting level, meal-stimulated peak and integrated response in the obese group were higher than in control group. Due to the extreme variability among subjects in the obese group, the difference was significant only for the mean peak response. All values were greatly reduced after surgery. The mean fasting level in the 15-20 month group was very similar to that in the control group, and both peak and integrated responses were significantly lower than in the preoperative and control groups.

Fasting↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of plasma enteroglucagon and neurotensin in obese patients subjected to biliopancreatic bypass].

Biliopancreatic bypass for obesity entails a 2/3 distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction, being the small bowel transected at its midpoint and the enteroenteroanastomosis place 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Neurotensin and enteroglucagon fasting and meal-stimulated plasma concentrations were determined in 13 nonobese healthy volunteers, in 13 nonoperated obese patients, in 11 subjects within two months, in 12 subjects four to twelve months and in 7 subjects fifteen to twenty months after operation. Basal plasma enteroglucagon was significantly higher in the obese group than in the controls. However, there was no difference in the peak response, and a decrease, though not statistically significant, was seen in the integrated response. All three values were strikingly augmented in the 0-2 month group, with a highly significant difference from the preoperative group. The 4-12 and 15-20 month groups, in comparison with the 0-2 month group, showed no changes in fasting levels, a clear-cut decreased peak response and a sharp progressive reduction in integrated response, mean value in the 15-20 month group being significantly lower than that of 0-2 month group. Neurotensin basal and meal-stimulated peak plasma concentrations in the obese group were significantly higher than in the control group, whilst the integrated response was almost identical in the two groups. In postoperative groups no substantial changes in fasting levels and an increase in the peak response were observed, with a considerable progressive rise in the integrated response.

Fasting↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of plasma pancreatic polypeptides and motilin in obese patients subjected to biliopancreatic bypass].

Biliopancreatic bypass for obesity entails a 2/3 distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-y reconstruction, being the small bowel transected at its midpoint and the enteroenteroanastomosis placed 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal value. Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and motilin fasting and meal-stimulated plasma concentrations were determined in 13 nonobese healthy volunteers, in 13 nonoperated obese patients, in 9 subjects within two months, in 12 subjects four to twelve months, and in 7 subjects fifteen to twenty months after operation. There were no significant differences in PP fasting levels between either the obese and control groups or between the postoperative groups and the preoperative group. Both meal-stimulated peak and integrated response values were similar in the obese and control groups, and were strikingly and progressively reduced postoperatively, with statistically significant difference between all postoperative groups and preoperative group. Mean plasma motilin fasting and peak values were higher in the obese group than in the control group, and significantly reduced in the 4-12 and 15-20 month group. Despite the huge variability among data, the integrated response in the 0-2 month group was significantly decreased in comparison with the preoperative group, while a subsequent progressive increase was shown by the 4-12 and 15-20 month groups.

Fasting↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of plasma gastrin in obese subjects subjected to biliopancreatic bypass].

Biliopancreatic bypass for obesity entails a 2/3 distal gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction, small bowel being transected at its midpoint and the enteroenterostomy placed 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. Plasma fasting and meal-stimulated gastrin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 13 nonobese healthy volunteers, 13 pre-surgery obese patients, 11 patients within two months, 12 patients between four and twelve months and 7 patients between fifteen and twenty months after operation. There were no significant differences in fasting and meal-stimulated peak plasma gastrin levels between obese group and the control group and between any of the postoperative groups and the preoperative group. The 15-20 month post-surgery group mean fasting value was lower than in the other groups, whilst the mean peak value was unchanged. Integrated gastrin response was significantly higher in this group than in the preoperative group.

Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1980

Kinetics of ligation reactions of rabbit hemoglobin in quaternary R and T states.

Rabbit hemoglobin shows significantly lower affinity for CO than does human hemoglobin (Hb A). The overall ligand combination and dissociation rate constants reveal, however, only small differences between Hb A rabbit Hb; this is mainly due to the fact that beta chains in rabbit hemoglobin determine the kinetics of ligand dissociation and combination. The heme environment in these chains is probably not very different in rabbit Hb and human Hb A. Rabbit hemoglobin alpha chains, on the other hand, exhibit greatly reduced CO and O2 combination rates in the R state and are primarily responsible for the overall low CO affinity of rabbit Hb. We postulate that the low ligand affinity of alpha chains in rabbit Hb is due to the substitution of larger residues at positions B10(Leu leads to Val), Cd6(Leu leads to Phe), and CD7(Ser leads to Thr). The possible implication of such substitutions for the kinetic and equilibrium properties of rabbit Hb are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A brain event related to the making of a sensory discrimination.

Event-related potentials associated with detected targets in a vigilance task were analyzed in two ways: (i) by sorting the potentials in terms of sequential reaction time bins of 50 milliseconds and (ii) by examining the single trial waveforms. A negative component (N2) covaried in latency with reaction time. These results support the hypothesis that N2 reflects a decision process which controls behavioral responses in sensory discrimination tasks.

Behavior↗
PubMed1979

The government and the inguinal hernia.

Our review of the incidence of inguinal hernias in children based on socioeconomic differences and their risk of incarceration with its subsequent complications, was prompted by a governmental decision to disallow elective herniorrhaphy in children over 1 yr of age. The review showed the following: The risk of incarceration, the failure of preoperative reduction and the potential gonadal injury is more than three times as high in the poor child, usually covered by Medicaid. Since operative and postoperative complications increase proportional to the incidence of incarcertain, the denial of an elective herniorrhaphy endangers the life of a child. Since the increased hospitalization after incarceration also increases the financial expenditure, this rule is not only medically but also economically unsound. This review suggests that unilateral governmental health care decisions, especially those aimed at cost containment, should be carefully scrutinized to determine what price not only the society, but the patient has to pay for the "cost containment". We feel that the price of the denial of a herniorrhaphy is too high.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Stimulus and response related components of the late positive complex in visual discrimination tasks.

Visual event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded from 6 subjects aged 10--15 in response to target stimuli in 2 vigilance tasks which differed in their processing requirements. Stimulus- and response-synchronized averages were computed for each subject for each quartile (Q) of that subject's reaction time (RT) distribution. Late positive complexes (LPC) of identical morphology were seen in the brain potentials from each task. In Q1, the LPC was an undifferentiated, large amplitude, positive-going potential with a parietal-maximum topography. As RT increased, the LPC became increasingly differentiated so that by Q3 3 components in the latency range of P300 were visible: two constant-latency peaks, P286 (fronto-central), P341 (parietal); and one variable-latency deflection, P539 (parietal), whose peak latency lengthened as RT increased. An additional constant-latency peak, P198, was also recorded. Principal component analyses of the averaged wave forms confirmed the visual identification of these components. The fixed-latency peaks identified in the brain potentials of these subjects were similar in timing and topography to previously reported late positive components. This study demonstrated. however, that the LPC can be segregated into stimulus-related and response-related components.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Immune reactivity during aging. I. T-helper dependent and independent antibody responses to different antigens, in vivo and in vitro.

The immunological status during aging was assessed by measuring the antibody response of the long-lived (C3H/eb X C57Bl/6J)F1 mice to various antigens in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, a decrease in antibody production to DNP and NIP haptenic determinants coupled on to BGG, as well as the response to SRBC, was observed. The decline was more pronounced in the IgG as compared to IgM antibodies. The results were recorded when various parameters such as antigen dose and kinetics of the response, were considered. Reduction of the antibody response was also noted when PVP was employed as immunogen. Similar results were noted when the responses to SRBC and DNP--polylysine were induced and followed in spleen organ cultures. In all of these experimental systems, the peak response was observed in mice 6--12 months old. From then on a gradual decrease was manifested, mice 30--36 months old producing significantly low responses. The results demonstrate that decrease in antibody production is expressed in the isolated spleen tissue in the same manner as in the intact animal. Furthermore, they were interpreted as indicating that the lesion may be at the T helper and the B cell compartments.

Aging↗