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Biomedical subjects

D Finkelstein

Publications and source records attributed to D Finkelstein.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Two forms of autosomal dominant primary retinitis pigmentosa.

Two types of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (RP) are identified on the basis of perimetric measures of rod sensitivity relative to cone sensitivity. Type 1 dominant RP patients are characterized by an early diffuse loss of rod sensitivity with a later loss of cone sensitivity and by childhood onset of night blindness. Type 2 dominant RP patients are characterized by a regionalized and combined loss of rod and cone sensitivity with adulthood onset of nightblindness. Comparisons of losses in the photopic and scotopic electroretinogram amplitudes corroborate the psychophysical results. Clinical findings are similar for the two dominant RP subtypes, however, there are differences in natural history.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Peripheral absolute threshold spectral sensitivity in retinitis pigmentosa.

Dark-adapted spectral sensitivities were measured in the peripheral retinas of 38 patients diagnosed as having typical retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and in 3 normal volunteers. The patients included those having autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance patterns. Results were analysed by comparisons with the CIE standard scotopic spectral visibility function and with Judd's modification of the photopic spectral visibility function, with consideration of contributions from changes in spectral transmission of preretinal media. The data show 3 general patterns. One group of patients had absolute threshold spectral sensitivities that were fit by Judd's photopic visibility curve. Absolute threshold spectral sensitivities for a second group of patients were fit by a normal scotopic spectral visibility curve. The third group of patients had absolute threshold spectral sensitivities that were fit by a combination of scotopic and photopic spectral visibility curves. The autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive modes of inheritance were represented in each group of patients. These data indicate that RP patients have normal rod and/or cone spectral sensitivities, and support the subclassification of patients described previously by Massof and Finkelstein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Vision threshold profiles in sector retinitis pigmentosa.

Absolute vision thresholds were measured along the horizontal and vertical meridians in four patients from one pedigree and one patient from a second pedigree with dominantly inherited sector retinitis pigmentosa. From these studies we find that (1) visual function is decreased for all parts of the retina, including the fovea, (2) rod and cone systems are affected to the same degree, and (3) the disease progression is confined to the inferior portion of the retina.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Bilateral symmetry of vision disorders in typical retinitis pigmentosa.

Bilateral symmetry of disorders of vision is examined in 60 typical patients with retinitis pigmentosa. We observed a very high degree of interocular congruence in the patterns of both kinetic visual field defects and threshold profiles and in abnormalities of foveal colour discrimination and visual acuity. Abnormalities of foveal colour vision are highly correlated with the extent of visual field loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Vision threshold profiles in X-linked retinitis pigmentosa.

Absolute thresholds for blue-green and red stimuli were measured along the horizontal and vertical meridans in two patients with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa. From these data, we deduced that cones mediate detection of both stimuli in the central 10 degrees, there is a ring scotoma in the mid-periphery, and in the far periphery rods mediate detection of both stimuli. Conclusions drawn from the psychophysical measures about rod and cone function across the retina are in point-by-point agreement with the data of a recent electron microscopic study by Szamier et al. on the retina of a 24-year-old X-linked retinitis pigmentosa patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Rod sensitivity relative to cone sensitivity in retinitis pigmentosa.

The present study evaluates rod sensitivity relative to cone sensitivity in retinitis pigmentosa patients. From perimetric measures of absolute thresholds to long- and short-wavelength stimuli, we find the results can be characterized in three different ways. For one group of patients it appears that only cone function is present in all parts of the visual field. For another group of patients, despite large losses in absolute sensitivity, rod sensitivity still exceeds cone sensitivity by at least the normal factor, suggesting concomitant rod and cone sensitivity losses. For a third group of patients it appears that central retinal thresholds are determined primarily by cones, midperipheral retinal thresholds determined by a composite of rod and cone function, and far- peripheral thresholds determined predominately by rods. The argument is put forward that the different groups of threshold results represent different disease mechanisms rather than different stages in the progression of a single disease process.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A new approach to the problem of retinal neovascularization.

Tumor cells introduced into the rabbit vitreous produced a form of retinal neovascularization, but only when the tumor cells were in direct contact with the vascularized retina. This contrasted with the production of neovascularization at a distance of several millimeters in other angiogenesis models. An extract of adult rabbit vitreous was found to inhibit the growth of limbal neovascularization induced by tumors implanted in the rabbit corneal stroma. The experimental model of retrolental fibroplasia provides a bioassay to investigate further the apparent inhibitory substances in the vitreous.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1977

Experimental retinal neovascularization induced by intravitreal tumors.

Adult rabbit retinal vessels underwent neovascularization in response to tumor implantation within the vitreous body. The neovascular response was presumably elicited by the tumor angiogenesis factor (TAF). The response of adult retinal vessels to an angiogenic stimulus raises the possibility that a similar substance may cause retinal neovascularization in humans, and that in normal conditions the vitreous may be able to suppress angiogenic activity.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗
PubMed1977

Macular edema.

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Capillaries↗
PubMed1976

Subretinal neovascularization developing after prophylactic argon laser photocoagulation of atrophic macular scars.

Two patients who had lost central vision in one eye due to a histoplasmic disciform macular scar received prophylactic argon laser photocoagulation to one or more atrophic lesions (histo spots) in the second macula in an effort to reduce the risk of developing active neovascularization in the second eye. Despite this prophylactic treatment, both patients developed a choroidal neovascular membrane from the photocoagulation scar.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Central retinal artery occlusion (reversible in sickle trait with glaucoma.

We report a case of central retinal artery occlusion in an 18-year-old black woman with sickle-trait haemoglobinopathy and acute glaucoma after hyphaema. The central retinal artery occlusion occurred immediately after treatment of the glaucoma with osmotic agents, raising the possibility that they played a precipitating role. We suggest that osmotic agents be used with extreme caution in sickle patients with glaucoma. The occlusion was treated by anterior chamber paracentesis with eventual return of good vision. The reversibility of retinal and optic nerve function after total ischaemia is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Prolonged tumor dormancy by prevention of neovascularization in the vitreous.

Tumors release a diffusible substance that stimulates neovascularization. To study the neovascularization that occurs in diabetic retinopathy, we implanted V2 carcinomas and mouse ependymoblastomas into the vitreous of experimental animals. In the vitreous, unlike previous sites, the tumors failed to stimulate neovascularization. They grew for weeks as small, unvascularized, three-dimensional aggregates of cells. Explosive growth into a large, vascularized mass occurred when the avascular tumors reached the retinal surface. The vitreous proved to be a valuable model for observing the in vivo growth of small, solid tumors. Xenografts survived for months without evidence of immune rejection. The consequence of the prolonged avascular state is the restriction of tumor size. The normal vitreous may act to inhibit capillary proliferation. An understanding of the mechanism for maintaining the avascular state may lead to therapeutic blockade of neovascularization. This would be important in the management of diabetic retinopathy and neoplasia.

Animals↗