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Biomedical subjects

D F Scott

Publications and source records attributed to D F Scott.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The degree of alpha asymmetry and its relation to handedness in neuropsychiatric referrals.

While alpha rhythm asymmetry among normals is thoroughly documented, the significance of this finding in patients is not well known. The occurrences of alpha amplitude asymmetry in 82 clinical referrals of neuropsychiatric patients was studied in this research. Two separate means of quantifying the alpha asymmetry were used: The first by visual inspection; and the second by measurement in a standard manner. A handedness questionaire was administered and indicated that 77 of the sample were right- and five were left-handed patients. By measurement, the mean overall differences in the alpha amplitude between the hemisphere was small (4 per cent) and non-significant. Seventeen patients showed a difference of 15 per cent or greater, and in two the difference reached 33 per cent. It was concluded that alpha asymmetry must be interpreted with care because it was found that there was an association between left-temporal abnormalities and ipsilateral alpha enhancement, and the greater degrees of asymmetry were found in normal EEGs.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

EEG features of depressive and schizophrenic states.

A 25-year-old female patient with a psychotic illness lasting three months in which schizophrenia and depressive episodes occurred was studied by serial EEGs. These were coded, masked and rated in a set way without knowledge of the clinical state. It was found that the schizophrenic state was characterized by a decrease in the amount and poor organization of alpha activity, as well as the occurrence of paroxysmal phenomena in particular a typical spike and wave. In the depressive episode, alpha activity was prominentand only scanty paroxysmal features were seen. Using these criteria a series of EEGsfrom psychiatric patients were assessed 'blind' with a view to separating them into either a schizophrenic or a depressive category. This proved possible in 17 cases (9 depressive and 8 schizophrenic). In only two was the categorization completely misjudged. These results suggest that further detailed study of the EEG, possibly with computer analysis, combined with assessment of the behavioural state might not only yield useful diagnostic information but also lead to a better understanding of the underlying neurophysiological basis of certain mental disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Management of Candida peritonitis by prolonged peritoneal lavage containing 5-fluorocytosine.

A 55 year old woman on chronic maintenance peritoneal dialysis developed Candida albicans peritonitis. This was successfully treated by continous five day peritoneal lavage containing 5-fluorocytosine. By this technique stable serum levels of the drug (58 mug/ml +/- 3.2 SEM) could be maintained. The peritoneal clearance of 5-fluorocytosine was found to be 7.5 ml/min (for peritoneal dialysis flow rate 1.2 1/hr) and the serum half-life 34 hours. The use of this drug in renal failure and its kinetics are reviewed.

Candidiasis↗
PubMed1974

Ice storage versus perfusion for preservation of kidneys before transplantation.

The results of simple ice storage and prolonged perfusion storage of kidneys were compared in two series, each of 100 cadaver kidney transplants. There was a similar warm ischaemia time for both groups, but the average total storage time was 17 hours for the perfused kidneys as compared to three and a half hours for those stored in ice. The results of transplantation (as shown by transplant function at three and 12 months) were the same for both groups. There was no evidence of damage due to prolonged perfusion. The extra time, however, enabled a more convenient operation time to be chosen and more extensive tissue matching to be undertaken.

Dialysis↗
PubMed1974

Effect of chocolate in migraine: a double-blind study.

The effect of chocolate on a group of volunteer migrainous subjects, who had observed that headache regularly occurred after the ingestion of small amounts of cocoa products, was investigated. Two separate studies were carried out in a double-blind placebo controlled manner. Only 13 headaches occurred to chocolate alone in 80 subject sessions, and only two subjects responded consistently to chocolate in the two studies. This suggests that chocolate on its own is rarely a precipitant of migraine. Other possible implications of the results are also discussed.

Cacao↗
PubMed1974

EEG prediction of brain metastases. A controlled study with neuropathological confirmation.

A retrospective study comparing the EEG findings of two groups of patients with primary systemic malignant disease (mainly bronchial carcinoma) was carried out. One group of 13 patients (20 EEGs) had proven supratentorial cerebral metastases at necropsy, some also subtentorial, and the other group of 10 patients (15 EEGs) had no cerebral involvement at necropsy. The latter group was studied to assess the possible confusing effects in the EEG of metabolic derangements and other factors which would interfere with accurate prediction of the presence of metastases. The EEGs were masked and assessed independently by two raters using a special proforma. They found that recordings from patients with cerebral metastases had persistent focal delta activity, intermittent focal or local delta activity, persistent or intermittent lateralized delta activity, monorhythmic frontal delta activity in the alert patient, as well as a higher frequency of post-central background rhythms. These factors predicted the presence of cerebral metastases (when they were 2 cm in diameter or larger) in 12 out of the 13 patients (four of these without localized neurological disorder), the EEGs being taken on average eight weeks before death. It is concluded that the EEG is valuable in the investigation of these patients.

Adult↗