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Biomedical subjects

D F Scott

Publications and source records attributed to D F Scott.

212 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Electrophysiologic studies during scanning and passive eye movements in humans.

It has been demonstrated in man that mechanically induced shifts of the retinal image without change in total luminous flux evoke a parietooccipital electrical response (lambda waves). The technique provides a simple method of quantifying responses in the visual system without complication by voluntary movemnents and their associated readiness potentials. The observation contradicts the view that lambda waves are directly concerned with mechanisms preventing blur duiring eye movement.

Electrophysiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Passive protection of rabbits infected with toxic shock syndrome-associated strains of Staphylococcus aureus by monoclonal antibody to toxic shock syndrome toxin 1.

The effectiveness of passive immunization was assessed in an infection model of toxic shock syndrome (TSS) in which monoclonal antibody to TSS toxin 1 (TSST-1) was administered intravenously to rabbits. Previously implanted infection chambers were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus strains RN4710 and D4508. The former strain carries the TSST-1 gene on plasmid pRN6201; the latter is a TSST-1-negative clinical isolate obtained from a patient with nonmenstrual TSS. Purified monoclonal antibody, MAb 8-5-7 (IgG), was administered in two doses of approximately 1.25 mg each 24 hours before and 24 hours after infection. MAb 8-5-7 provided complete protection against both the TSS-like syndrome and the mortality that occurred in unprotected rabbits infected with strain RN4710 but did not provide complete protection in rabbits infected with strain D4508; three of the five rabbits either displayed signs of illness or died despite treatment. Western-blot analyses of the extracellular proteins produced by strains RN4710 and D4508 that used MAb 8-5-7 as a probe revealed that only TSST-1 produced by RN4710 reacted with the antibody. Thus, if MAb 8-5-7 partially protected animals against infections with strain D4508, the protection appears to have been nonspecific.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo heparin response and consumption in patients before and during arterial reconstructive surgery.

This study investigated the effects of heparin in patients with peripheral arterial disease, before and during operation. The relation between heparin dosage and heparin response and consumption were calculated from changes in the activated clotting time (ACT). Before operation, 38 patients were each given 10,000 units of heparin by intravenous injection and ACT was measured after 5, 10, 20, 30 and 60 minutes. Assuming a linear relation between heparin dosage and ACT, a dose of heparin was calculated which should double the normal ACT. This was given during operation in 21 patients while a standard dose of 7,500 units of heparin was given to another 10 patients. ACT was measured during operation at the same time intervals as before operation. ACT was always at its highest level at the 5 minute test and was always still raised at 60 minutes, both before and during operation. No significant correlation was found between ACT, heparin response or heparin consumption, and the patients' ages, sex, body weights and creatinine levels, either before or during operation. It was not possible to predict the intraoperative response from the preoperative test. It is concluded that the heparin effect should be monitored during operation in each patient if the best dose response is to be obtained.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transplantation of kidneys from living related donors. Comparison with cadaveric kidney transplantation.

In a series of 271 transplantations of renal allografts, performed over 10 years, the rates of graft survival, patient survival, and morbidity in the recipients of allografts from living related donors (47 allografts) have been compared with those in the recipients of cadaveric allografts (224 allografts). The one-year graft survival rates were 88% for allografts from living related donors (100%, if these were HLA-identical) and 55% for cadaveric allografts, while the patient survival rates were 97% and 87%, respectively, in the same period. Morbidity rates (expressed as the number of days spent in hospital) for recipients of allografts from living related donors were approximately 50% of those for recipients of cadaveric grafts. Complications in the living related donors were minimal, and acceptable. It is concluded that transplantation of allografts from living related donors has many advantages over transplantation of cadaveric kidneys, and is a valuable adjunct to a cadaveric renal transplantation programme. Greater use of living related kidney donors should be encouraged in Australia.

Adolescent↗