Body dimension differences in men with or without prostate cancer.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
D F Paulson
Publications and source records attributed to D F Paulson.
Complications of radical cystectomy and urinary diversion: a retrospective review of 675 cases in 2 decades.
A retrospective review was performed on all 675 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion during 2 decades. Of the patients 197 were treated from 1969 to 1979 (group 1) and 478 were treated from 1980 until 1990 (group 2). The mean age of patients in group 1 was 56.7 years versus 64.2 years in group 2 (p < 0.001). The overall operative mortality rate in both groups was 2.5%. A total of 215 patients (31.9%) experienced postoperative complications (within 30 days of surgery). The morbidity rate was nearly identical between the 2 groups (32.0% for group 1 versus 31.8% for group 2, p = 0.962). Of note, however, there was a decreased incidence of wound infections and wound dehiscence among the patients in group 2 compared to group 1. Long-term complications occurred in 198 of the 675 patients (29.3%). At followup group 1 had a 35.5% incidence of long-term complications versus 26.8% in group 2 (p = 0.022). Most notably there was significant improvement in the incidence of ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures when comparing groups 1 (11.2%) and 2 (5.2%) (p = 0.006).
Cystectomy↗
Immunoreactive prostatic specific antigen in male periurethral glands.
Prostatic specific antigen (PSA) is considered an antigen unique to benign and malignant prostatic tissue. Recent evidence in the literature has raised serious doubts about the specificity of this antigen. In this study twenty male urethral specimens were evaluated for PSA and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) from patients without evidence of prostatic cancer. Eight of these 20 urethral specimens exhibited strong immunostaining for both PSA and PAP, localized in the periurethral glands. Five of the 17 urethral biopsies were positive for both antigens, while all three of the whole mount autopsy specimens stained positive for PSA and PAP. Within the autopsy series, there was heterogenous staining of the periurethral glands within the same specimen. This evidence disproves the fact that PSA and PAP are organ specific as previously described. More than likely any tissue of cloacal origin has potential for staining positive for prostatic specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Predicting and monitoring results of therapy.
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Antigens, Neoplasm↗
Reappraisal of radical perineal prostatectomy.
Radical prostatectomy is frequently the treatment of choice for localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate. The procedure can be accomplished through either a perineal or a retropubic approach; both have their advantages and disadvantages. Recently, concerns over transmission of blood-borne viruses during transfusions and the advent of laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy have resulted in a rejuvenation of interest in perineal prostatectomy. Herein, we discuss the history of perineal prostatectomy, the technique and its advantages and disadvantages.
Humans↗
Amenorrhea: observations based on the analysis of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone testing.
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Adolescent↗
Complications of Small-Carrion penile prosthesis.
Seventy-six patients with impotence have undergone insertion of the Small-Carrion penile prosthesis at Duke University Medical Center. Twenty patients experienced postoperative complications. Seven of these 20 patients lost one or both prostheses either by spontaneous extrusion or surgical removal. Although success with this procedure is well documented, complications may be significant when they occur and awareness of these problems is essential for proper management. The benefits of this procedure are reviewed, and reported complications and their management are discussed.
Erectile Dysfunction↗
Primary non-urachal adenocarcinoma of the bladder.
The clinical course of 34 patients with non-urachal adenocarcinoma of the bladder was reviewed and compared to the world experience. The 5-year survivorship was 19 per cent, with only 1 patient being free of disease. Metaplasia with formation of glandular elements reflects the unstable potential of the transitional cell and may be associated with the biologic aggressiveness of the tumor.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Cortisone acetate versus clomiphene citrate in per-germinal idiopathic oligospermia.
Long-term, low dose clomiphene citrate (25 mg./day for 25-day cycles with 5-day rest periods) and long-term, low dose cortisone acetate (5 mg. twice daily) were compared in equivalent populations of men with idiopathic oligospermia. Clomiphene citrate seemed to be more effective than cortisone acetate in enhancing spermatozoal number and the likelihood of pregnancy. In addition, clomiphene citrate increased serum testosterone levels and provided an indicator of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis responsiveness.
Clomiphene↗
C-type virus particles in human urogenital tumours after heterotransplantation into nude mice.
C-type viruses were formed in heterotransplants of 5/14 human urogenital tumours which had been serially transferred in nude mice of NIH(S) background. Except for one case in which C-type particles were present in the epithelial cells as well as the connective tissue, the viruses were only found within the stroma of the heterotransplanted tumours. Peroxidase labelling with anti-mouse serum demonstrated that the connective tissue supporting the transplanted human tumours was of mouse origin. Competition radioimmunoassays demonstrated that MuLV interspecies viral protein was present in high titre in the transplanted tumour extracts and also in extracts of 2 spontaneous mouse-tumour extracts. These data suggest that endogenous viruses of the nude mice are activated by the graft, and only subsequently infect the human tumour cells and form particles.
Animals↗
Treatment of metastatic endocrine-unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland with multiagent chemotherapy: indicators of response to therapy.
Eighty-eight patients with metastatic and hormonally unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland were treated with a multiagent chemotherapy protocol. Because of the difficulty in evaluating the response of patients to therapy, data were collected in a prospective fashion and analyzed for clinical or laboratory changes that correlated with improved survivorship. Decrease of initially abnormal values of either acid or alkaline phosphotase into the normal range was associated with prolonged survival; weight gain of more than 10% was also associated with improved survival. Thirty-three patients demonstrated a fall of acid or alkaline phosphatase into the normal range or they increased their weight by at least 10%. The median survival time for this group of patients was 76.1 weeks as compared to 28.2 weeks for patients who failed to exhibit these changes. In future studies of the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer, these changes might be used as criteria of response to therapy.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Oxybutynin chloride in the management of idiopathic detrusor instability.
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Adult↗
Isolation of a human prostate carcinoma cell line (DU 145).
A long-term tissue culture cell line has been derived from a human prostate adenocarcinoma metastatic to the brain. The cell line, DU 145, has been passaged 90 times in vitro over a period of 2 years. The cells are epithelial, grow in isolated islands on plastic Petri dishes, and form colonies in soft agar suspension culture. Karyotypic analysis demonstrates an aneuploid human karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 64. Distinctive marker chromosomes (a translocation Y chromosome, metacentric minute chromosomes and three large acrocentic chromosomes) have been identified. Electron microscopy of the original tumor tissue and of the tissue culture cell line show a remarkable similarity in cell organelle structure.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Liver and prostate adenocarcinoma: an "estrogen-free" environment?
We believe that the probable "estrogen-free" site which is present in the liver while a patient is on estrogens gives a conductive environment for local growth of prostate malignancy. We report 1 patient who improved with local irradiation and 2 others who stabilized and symptomatically improved with chemotherapy. Hopefully, future reports will shed more light on the treatment of hepatic metastases from prostatic adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Oxybutynin chloride in control of post-trasurethral vesical pain and spasm.
Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan) and placebo were randomized in a double-blind trial to determine the effectiveness of the test agent in controlling post-transurethral pain and spasm. Oxybutynin chloride was found effective in controlling pain and spasm; no significant side effects were noted.
Clinical Trials as Topic↗
Staging profile of hypofertile male subjects.
Thirty-four hypofertile male subjects with either oligospermia or azoospermia underwent infertility evaluation with assay of serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone and testicular biopsy. Cytogenetic analysis of testicular tissue and peripheral leukocytes was competed on 11 patients. Fifteen male subjects underwnet bilateral contrast vasography. These studies permitted segregation of the hypofertile male population from those with post-germinal hypofertility, primary germinal hypofertility or pre-germinal hypofertility. Retrospective analysis indicates that segregation of the hypofertile male population permits optimum selection for treatment intervention.
Biopsy↗
Trimethoprium-sulfamethoxazole and minocycline- hydrochloride in the treatment of culture-proved bacterial prostatitis.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 2 tablets twice daily for 90 days, or minocycline-hydrochloride, 100 mg. twice daily for 14 days, was given to 15 and 14 men, respectively, with culture-proved bacterial prostatitis. Given as prescribed both agents seemed equally effective in controlling symptomatic recurrence during the 12 months after cessation of therapy.
Bacterial Infections↗
Detection of metastatic tumors in nude mice: brief communication.
Homozygous nude (nu/nu) mice were inoculated ip with either highly malignant human bladder transitional cell carcinoma or human prostate adenocarcinoma. These animals were subsequently given injections of normal human T-lymphocytes to restore the known T-lymphocyte deficiency present in homozygous nude mice. Metastatic spread of the prostate and bladder carcinomas was evident in mice given human T-lymphocytes. Although tumor growth was observed at the sites of tumor inoculation, no tumor spread was observed in mice not receiving T-lymphocytes.
Adenocarcinoma↗