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Biomedical subjects

D Edwards

Publications and source records attributed to D Edwards.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy in hepatoma.

Three patients with inoperable malignant hepatomas were treated by intra-arterial infusion of fluorouracil. In each case the treatment gave relief of symptoms: there was striking relief of pain in two cases.Preoperative angiography is essential, but the technical problems are relatively minor.The response of the tumours to chemotherapy is sufficiently encouraging to justify greater efforts for early diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paracellular permeability pathways in the human placenta: a quantitative and morphological study of maternal-fetal transfer of horseradish peroxidase.

Physiological data indicate that both a transcellular and a paracellular pathway are available for transfer across the human placenta but the morphological correlate of the latter is uncertain. We measured the permeability of the dually perfused human placental cotyledon to the predominantly cationic protein horseradish peroxidase (MW 40,000), to the neutral polymer 14C-dextran (MW 50-70,000) and to the extracellular space marker creatinine (MW 113). Following fixation and cytochemistry, we used brightfield microscopy to localize peroxidase reaction product within the same tissue. Steady state unidirectional maternofetal clearance (Kmf) for the peroxidase (0.90 +/- 0.27 microliters/min/g, n = 9) was not significantly different from that for 14C-dextran (0.95 +/- 0.07 microliters/min/g, n = 3) suggesting that charge does not markedly influence peroxidase permeability. The Kmf for creatinine was 13.1 +/- 2.5 microliters/min/g (n = 9); these permeability data are similar to those reported for the placenta in vivo. Microscopically, peroxidase reaction product was localized to the microvillous surface of the syncytiotrophoblast of most villi and to the trophoblastic basement membrane and connective tissue cells of the villous core in a few villi. The reaction product was also associated with fibrin-containing deposits attached to the villous core at sites of discontinuity of the syncytial epithelium. The staining pattern within the deposits was consistent with a diffusion gradient of the peroxidase. These fibrin-containing deposits at discontinuities in the syncytiotrophoblast may provide one paracellular route for peroxidase diffusion from the intervillous space into the villous core.

Cell Membrane Permeability↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Autonomic reflexes in preterm infants.

Some autonomic nervous reflexes often tested in adult medicine have been studied in 21 preterm infants (25-37 gestational weeks). The aim was to develop such tests for preterm infants and see if there were any differences in babies with recurrent apnea and bradycardia and babies who had been exposed to sympathicolytic drugs before birth. To test sympathetic nervous activity the peripheral vascular resistance was measured before and during 45 degrees of head-up tilting. To test parasympathetic nervous activity the degree of bradycardia was measured in response to cold face test (application of an ice-cube on the fore-head) and laryngeal stimulation with saline. Finally the heart rate changes after a sudden noise (85 dB) were studied as an indicator of both sympathetic and vagal activity. The peripheral resistance was found to be relatively low in these preterm infants, particularly in some infants tested at the postnatal age of about two months. Heart rate and mean blood pressure did not change during tilting, while the peripheral resistance increased significantly mainly due to lowered limb blood flow. The median decrease of the heart rate during the cold face test was 20.0% and during laryngeal receptor stimulation 23.7%. The sudden noise usually caused a biphasic heart rate response. An autonomic nervous reflex score was calculated and found to be negative (parasympathetic) in infants with recurrent prolonged apnea and bradycardia and positive in infants with clinical signs of increased sympathetic nervous activity.

Apnea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of oscillometric and intra-arterial blood pressure and pulse measurement.

Non-invasive oscillometric blood pressure and pulse measured by an Omron HEM-703CP monitor were compared with arterial values obtained from direct measurements of the radial artery. An excellent correlation and agreement was found between the two methods (systolic r = 0.99; diastolic r = 0.97; pulse r = 0.99), although there was some variability among individual subjects. The range of difference between them was 0 to 10 mmHg for systolic and -6 to +5 mmHg for diastolic pressures. When tested on the bench using the Metron QA-1280 non-invasive blood pressure analyser the HEM-703CP monitor rarely exhibited errors exceeding 2-3 mmHg over a measurement range of 50-200 mmHg.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Attention, learning, and personality during ketamine emergence: a pilot study.

To analyze the memory, learning, attention, and personality effects associated with emergence from partial ketamine induction, 11 resident physicians were tested. Ketamine was found to be truly dissociative in that it seemed to impair learning of and memory for unusual word associations, at least in young physicians.

Adult↗