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Biomedical subjects

D E Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to D E Wilson.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1968

Inhibition of host-cell protein and ribonucleic acid synthesis by Newcastle disease virus.

The mechanisms of Newcastle disease virus-(NDV) induced inhibition of cell protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis were investigated. It was observed that the ability of NDV to inhibit cell RNA synthesis is dependent on the virus strain. The inhibitors, azauridine and cycloheximide, were added to cell cultures at different times after infection to study the roles of protein and RNA synthesis in the viral inhibition process. Viral inhibition of cell RNA synthesis and viral inhibition of cell protein synthesis become resistant to cycloheximide at a different time after infection than that in which they become resistant to azauridine. The results indicate that the inhibition of cell RNA synthesis by the Texas strain involves the synthesis of inhibitory proteins which are coded by the viral genome. The Texas and Beaudette strains of NDV appear to employ different mechanisms for the inhibition of host-cell protein synthesis. Viral inhibition of cell protein synthesis does not appear to cause, or be the result of, viral inhibition of cell RNA synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1966

Inhibitory proteins in the Newcastle disease virus-induced suppression of cell protein synthesis.

Bolognesi, D. P. (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y.), and D. E. Wilson. Inhibitory proteins in the Newcastle disease virus-induced suppression of cell protein synthesis. J. Bacteriol. 91:1896-1901. 1966.-Infection by Newcastle disease virus brings about a rapid and marked inhibition of cell protein synthesis (CPS) in chick embryo fibroblast monolayers. The block to CPS is initiated about 5 hr after infection, and by 9 hr about 85% of the host protein synthesis is shut off. Azauridine (3 mg/ml), a ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis inhibitor, prevents the virus-induced inhibition of CPS when added at the time of infection; but it does not prevent the inhibition when added at 3 hr after infection. When puromycin (60 mug/ml), a protein synthesis inhibitor, was added at 3.5 hr after infection, viral RNA was synthesized in normal amounts, but the virus-induced inhibition of CPS was prevented. Actinomycin D added at the time of infection does not, however, prevent the virus-induced inhibition of CPS. The results of these experiments indicate that proteins synthesized during Newcastle disease virus replication are responsible for the inhibition of host-cell protein synthesis. The synthesis of these inhibitory proteins depends on the prior synthesis of viral RNA.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abnormal post-heparin lipolytic activity in obesity. A preliminary note.

Published data have suggested that hypertriglyceridemia in obesity may result from the combination of hepatic overproduction and diminished removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Diminished catabolism might be expected if tissue lipoprotein lipase activity were decreased, a finding which has been reported in biopsies of adipose tissue from obese subjects. Abnormalities in heparin-released triglyceride lipase activity (PHLA) in obesity have not been reported, however. We have examined the possibility that methods for the measurement of PHLA might have failed to reveal such a defect because of the disproportionality between plasma volume and increasing body mass in obesity. Since it is usual to administer heparin on the basis of body weight, higher plasma heparin levels would be achieved in obese individuals. We performed standard PHLA assays in lean and obese volunteers. In the obese, heparin levels were consistently higher than in lean individuals although PHLA values were similar in both. Thus, PHLA in obesity appeared to be inappropriate for the heparin levels attained in plasma. Pharmacokinetic studies suggest that a decrease in PHLA available for release by heparin rather than heparin insensitivity underlies this phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of topical corticosteroid pretreatment to reduce the incidence and severity of skin reactions associated with testosterone transdermal therapy.

Local skin reactions at the application site are the most common adverse events associated with the testosterone transdermal delivery (TTD) systems used to treat postpubertal hypogonadism in males. This open-label, controlled pilot study was conducted to determine whether topical pretreatment with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream might be useful in reducing the incidence and/or severity of chronic skin irritation when used in healthy volunteers receiving TTD systems. Adult male volunteers wore three topical systems, which were applied to the upper back daily (Monday through Friday) for 6 weeks: (1) TTD with no pretreatment of application site; (2) TTD with pretreatment of application site using triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream; and (3) an inactive occlusive dressing (control). On Monday through Thursday, systems were removed 24 hours after application. Patches applied on Friday were worn continuously for 72 hours until their removal on Monday. Skin reactions were graded on a scale from 0 to 4 (0 = none, 4 = severe) and were assessed daily by research personnel, beginning at the time of system removal (assessment 1) and on the two subsequent clinic visits (assessments 2 and 3). All skin irritation scores of all subjects were totaled for each treatment regimen to obtain a cumulative score per treatment regimen. The cumulative scores were also analyzed by assessment time and study week (weeks 1-6). Eighty-two subjects were enrolled in the study, and 65 completed the 6-week treatment course. Mean age of subjects was 24 years (range, 18-69 years), and mean weight was 79.0 kg (range, 58.9-127.3 kg). All subjects were white males. At assessment 1, pretreatment with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream (compared with no pretreatment) was associated more often with scores of 0 (no erythema), with comparable occurrences of mild skin irritation, and with fewer occurrences of moderate erythema. At all three assessments, more subjects had lower cumulative scores with pretreatment than without pretreatment. At every assessment and in each week of the study, total weekly cumulative skin irritation scores were also lower with pretreatment than without pretreatment. No adverse experiences other than skin irritation were reported. Results of this study suggest that in patients using TTD systems, the incidence and severity of skin irritation at application sites may be reduced through pretreatment with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Profiling self-monitored blood glucose results with the personal microcomputer.

Personal microcomputers are becoming available to millions of individuals. Inevitably this new technology will be applied in a variety of ways to the routine management of diabetes. In this article we present the results of a pilot effort which shows that large cumbersome sets of blood glucose data, obtained by conventional self-monitoring techniques, can be stored, analyzed, and displayed conveniently with a home microcomputer. This technique has potential value for the identification of long-term trends in blood glucose regulation.

Adult↗