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Biomedical subjects

D E Moore

Publications and source records attributed to D E Moore.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Antioxidant efficiency of polyhydric phenols in photooxidation of benzaldehyde.

An experimental system is described for the observation of the kinetics of photochemically initiated oxidation reactions; this system is based on the measurement of oxygen consumption with a polarographic oxygen electrode. The photooxidation of benzaldehyde in dilute aqueous solution was examined and appears to conform to a free radical chain mechanism. The antioxidant efficiency of some polyhydric phenols was determined kinetically and found to be catechol greather than pyrogallol greater than hydroquinone greather than resorcinol greater than n-propyl gallate for the benzaldehyde photooxidation.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1975

Acetylcholinesterase-catalyzed hydrolysis of an amide.

In this paper we report that acetylcholinesterase catalyzes hydrolysis of amides, an observation which had not been made previously. The amide used is an analog of acetylcholine, 2-acetoaminoethyltrimethylammonium iodide. The experiments were performed with an enzyme preparation obtained from electroplax of Electrophorus electricus. Inhibition of the enzyme by a specific organic phosphate inhibitor abolished both the esterase and the amidase activity of the enzyme. The effect of hydrogen ions between pH 5 and pH 10 on the steady-state kinetic parameters, Km and kcat, has been investigated. These parameters show essentially the same dependence on pH as is observed in catalytic hydrolysis of acetylcholine. k-cat is controlled by an ionizing group of the enzyme with an apparent pK of approximately 6.3, and reaches a pH-independent maximum value of 3.6 sec- minus 1 above pH 8. The value for Km of 1 mM at pH 7 and 25 degrees is about five times greater than that for catalytic hydrolysis of the ester at the same pH and temperature. Preliminary electrophysiological experiments indicate that the amide analog binds to the receptor less well, by several orders of magnitude, than acetylcholine does.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1975

Respirator compensation of a portable air monitor.

A respirator-compensated, portable air-monitor has been devised by modifying a commercially available personal air sampling pump. A switching circuit box, integrated into the sampling pump electrical system and activated by a micro switch mounted within the respirator mask, turns the pump off and a timer on whenever the respirator is worn. Thus, valid measurements of an individual worker's environmental exposures can be made even though that worker uses a respirator at his own discretion.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1969

The human chromosome. Electron microscopic observations on chromatin fiber organization.

Human lymphocytes were grown in short-term tissue culture and were arrested in metaphase with Colcemid. Their chromosomes were prepared by the Langmuir trough-critical point drying technique and were examined under the electron microscope. In addition, some chromosomes were digested with trypsin, Pronase, or DNase. The chromosomes consist entirely of tightly packed, 240 +/- 50-A chromatin fibers. Trypsin and Pronase treatments induce relaxation of fiber packing and reveal certain underlying fiber arrangements. Furthermore, trypsin treatment demonstrates that the chromatin fiber has a 25-50 A trypsin-resistant core surrounded by a trypsin-sensitive sheath. DNase digestion suggests that this core contains DNA.

Adult↗
PubMed1966

Autoradiographic study of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in L cells infected with the agent of meningopneumonitis.

Moore, Dorothy E. (University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.), and James W. Moulder. Autoradiographic study of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in L cells infected with the agent of meningopneumonitis. J. Bacteriol. 92:1128-1132. 1966.-L cells infected with the agent of meningopneumonitis were labeled with H(3)-cytidine at 5-hr intervals after infection, and cell samples were fixed every 5 hr after labeling. These preparations were then digested with ribonuclease, stained by the Feulgen procedure, and examined by autoradiography. Labeled meningopneumonitis inclusions were first seen 15 hr after infection. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was synthesized in both L-cell nuclei and meningopneumonitis agent for as long as 40 hr after infection. Nuclear DNA synthesis was unaffected until 25 hr after infection, at which time synthesis of agent DNA reached its peak. After 25 hr, both meningopneumonitis and L cell DNA synthesis declined.

Autoradiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improvement in the sperm penetration (hamster ova) assay (SPA) results after doxycycline treatment of infertile men.

Thirty-two men with abnormal (less than or equal to 11% penetration) Sperm Penetration (hamster ova) Assay (SPA) results were treated with doxycycline and reevaluated by SPA and seminal fluid analysis. Eighteen of the 32 infertile men with initially abnormal SPAs had normal SPAs (greater than or equal to 15% egg penetration) after treatment. None of 30 untreated infertile men with abnormal SPAs had a normal SPA on repeat testing (P less than 0.001). Improvement in SPA results was associated with a decrease in the number of leukocytes/ml in seminal fluid. Seven of the wives of the treated men conceived, while none of the wives of the untreated infertile men conceived during comparable intervals of time.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnostic imaging of fertility disorders.

It is estimated that as many as 15% of married couples are affected by fertility disorders. The number of such couples seeking medical help has increased dramatically in the past 10 years due to both relative and absolute factors. The increase in population, the rising rate of sexually transmitted diseases, and the reduced availability of adoptable infants all contribute to the magnitude of this problem. The role of diagnostic imaging in the effective and compassionate care of couples desiring offspring is the subject of this review. Infertility is a disorder of a couple, not of two individuals. The diagnostic evaluation, therefore, must include both partners. Hysterosalpingography and ultrasound constitute the mainstay of the evaluation of the female member. The various techniques and complications of hysterosalpingography are reviewed. The normal appearance of the uterine cavity together with a review of the numerous anomalies and variations that might be encountered are presented. Along similar lines, the possible filling defects, synechiae, postoperative changes, and other alterations that may be encountered in imaging the uterine cavity are described. Evaluation of the fallopian tubes is of paramount importance, primarily to assess patency but also to assess the possibility of patent but diseased salpinges or disease of the surrounding peritubal tissue. Recently, interventional techniques using radiographic and sonographic control have been developed and are beginning to demonstrate promising results in the management of fallopian tube obstruction. These procedures, adapted from previously established radiographic interventive techniques, are discussed. The role of diagnostic imaging of the male partner is of lesser magnitude. Clinical assessment and semen evaluation generally permit adequate assessment of the male factor. Occasionally, however, vasography and seminal vesiculography are called into play. More frequently, sonographic evaluation to establish the presence of varicoceles is necessary. Such techniques are reviewed, as well as the interventional approaches for ablating varicoceles. The application of conventional and transvaginal sonography in the management of gynecologic fertility disorders is reviewed. Follicular monitoring, guided follicle aspiration, assessment of the status of the endometrium, guided embryo transfer and tubal cannulation, and evaluation of other pelvic disorders are significant factors in the appropriate management of the infertile couple.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Solvolysis of the bay-region diol epoxides of 7-methylbenz[c]acridine in aqueous solution and effect of DNA.

The hydrolysis of the bay-region syn- and anti-diol epoxides of 7-methylbenz[c]acridine (7MBAC) has been studied in aqueous solution. The rates of reaction have been measured at low ionic strength in the absence and presence of DNA, as a function of pH and temperature, by spectrophotometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography. The major products are the corresponding tetrols, but the syn diastereomer also undergoes rearrangement to a keto diol. The hydrolysis reaction is catalyzed by both acid and DNA and conforms to a mechanism in which a physical association complex is formed between diol epoxide and DNA, followed by two parallel pathways in which the diol epoxide either is hydrolyzed or becomes covalently bound to the DNA. The rate constants are significantly lower than the corresponding ones for the diol epoxides of benzo[a]pyrene. However, the extent of covalent binding of 7MBAC diol epoxides to DNA was found to be 12-30%, depending on the pH of reaction, values that are 2-3 times greater than for the benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxides reacted under the same conditions of low ionic strength. The very small changes (2 nm) in spectroscopic characteristics observed for the covalently bound adduct as compared to the free tetrol suggest that the binding occurs with little intercalation of the compound between the base pairs of DNA.

Acridines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for tubal infertility. Influence of history of prior pelvic inflammatory disease.

In order to explore possible etiologic differences between tubal infertility in women who had been physician-diagnosed as having pelvic inflammatory disease ("overt" PID) and in women who had not ("silent" pelvic inflammatory disease), we made use of self-reported data from a large, population-based, case-control study of infertility in King County, Washington. Responses from 33 infertile women with no history of physician-reported PID and 129 infertile women with such a history were compared to those of 501 fertile women. No cultures or blood for antibody titers were obtained. Logistic regression was used to compute the relative risks for silent and overt PID-related tubal dysfunction associated with various lifestyle and contraceptive habits in an effort to identify practices that potentially affect these outcomes. In general, practices associated with an increased risk of overt tubal disease, such as use of Dalkon Shield and other types of intrauterine devices, were also associated with an increased risk of silent tubal disease, but to a lesser extent. Women who used oral contraceptives for longer than three years had a decreased risk for silent disease (relative risk = 0.5, 95% confidence interval = 0.3-0.8), but their risk for overt disease did not decrease to the same extent (relative risk = 0.9, 95% confidence interval = 0.3-2.5). These results suggest that silent and overt tubal disease share many common lifestyle risk factors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Boronated monoclonal antibody 225.28S for potential use in neutron capture therapy of malignant melanoma.

The concept of conjugating boron cluster compounds to monoclonal antibodies has been examined by several groups of research workers in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The procedures reported to date for boronation of monoclonal antibodies resulted in either an inadequate level of boron incorporation, the precipitation of the conjugates, or a loss of immunological activity. The present report describes the conjugation of dicesium-mercapto-undecahydrododecaborate (Cs2B12H11SH) to 225.28S monoclonal antibody directed against high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigens (HMW-MAA), using poly-L-ornithine as a "bridge" to increase the carrying capacity of the antibody and to minimize change in the conformational structure of antibody. The method produces a boron content of 1,300 to 1,700 B atoms per molecule 225.28S while retaining the immunoreactivity. Characterization in terms of the homogeneity of the conjugation of the boron-monoclonal antibody conjugates has been studied by gel electrophoresis and ion-exchange HPLC.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗