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Biomedical subjects

D E James

Publications and source records attributed to D E James.

130 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors associated with poor asthma control in children aged five to 13 years.

BACKGROUND: Most children with asthma should be able to achieve acceptable control. However, are there differences between those with acceptable and poor control, and if so, how can health care approaches be modified accordingly? OBJECTIVE: To examine the characteristics of elementary school children aged five to 13 years with acceptable and poor levels of asthma control. METHODS: The present cross-sectional study of children with asthma used five indicators of control, as outlined by the Canadian Asthma Consensus Report, to categorize acceptable and poor asthma control. RESULTS: Of 153 children, 115 (75%) were rated as having poorly controlled asthma. Of those with poor control, 65 (64%) children were currently using inhaled corticosteroids, and 65% of those reported using inhaled corticosteroids daily versus as needed. Fifty-one per cent of the children with poorly controlled asthma had exposure to tobacco smoke, whereas 79% of the children with asthma under acceptable control were from households with no smokers (P=0.002). The poor control group also had significantly worse parental perceptions of the psychosocial impact of asthma on their child. No significant difference was found in the percentage of those who had written action plans in the poor control group (28%) compared with the acceptable control group (26%), and similar percentages in each group stated that they used the plans. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the high use of inhaled corticosteroids, the majority of children had poorly controlled asthma. The poor control group had more exposure to tobacco smoke and a worse psychosocial impact due to asthma. Few children had past asthma education and action plans, suggesting that there is a need to improve access to and tools for education.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterization of the intracellular GLUT-4 compartment.

Insulin stimulates glucose transport in muscle and adipose tissue by triggering the translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT-4 from intracellular vesicles to the cell surface. In the present study we have attempted to characterize the intracellular GLUT-4 compartment using vesicle immunoadsorption. Silver staining of this fraction indicates that this compartment contains numerous polypeptides that exhibit a marked change in mobility upon treatment with reducing agents. The polypeptide composition of GLUT-4-containing vesicles isolated from a variety of insulin-sensitive cell types, including heart, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and 3T3-L1 adipocytes, is similar. In addition, the polypeptide composition of the GLUT-4 compartment isolated from CHO cells transfected with GLUT-4 resembles that observed in insulin-sensitive cells. Two major proteins in this vesicle fraction isolated from all cell types are the transferrin receptor (TfR) and the mannose 6-phosphate/IGF II receptor (MPR). Furthermore, vesicles immunoadsorbed from adipocytes, with antibodies specific for GLUT-4 and the TfR, also show conservation in their overall polypeptide composition. Protein micro sequencing of a major 80 kDa polypeptide enriched in the GLUT-4 compartment isolated from skeletal muscle revealed this protein to be rat transferrin. These data indicate that there is a close relationship between the intracellular GLUT-4 compartment and the endosomal system. Future studies will be required to determine if it is possible to isolate subcompartments within this system to determine if GLUT-4 is targeted to a specialized secretory compartment in insulin-sensitive cells or simply a subdomain within recycling endosomes.

3T3 Cells↗