Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D E Henson

Publications and source records attributed to D E Henson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Histologic review of breast cancer cases in survivors of atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.

A panel of Japanese and American pathologists reviewed existing histologic material used to study breast cancer risk among the A-bomb survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, a population in which incidence studies have found a strong relationship between breast cancer risk and radiation dose. The primary charge to the panel was to define a body of confirmed cases in the Life Span Study sample of the Radiation Effects Research Foundation that would require little or no review for inclusion in future studies of breast cancer incidence. Broad agreement on histologic type was reached for 298 of 300 confirmed cases. The distribution of histologic types was, overall, similar to that seen in other studies of breast cancer in Japanese women, and did not appear to depend on dose; thus radiation-induced breast cancer appeared to be no different histologically from other breast cancer. Also, no evidence was found of variation in histologic type by city, age at exposure, age at diagnosis, or calendar time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The pathologist as a consultant in cancer patient management: a patterns of care study in pathology.

The Committee on the Pathologist as a Consultant in Cancer Patient Management, a committee of the Cancer Committee of the College of American Pathologists, was formed in response to the demands made on pathologists by other medical specialists to function as consultants. The Committee on the Pathologist as a Consultant in Cancer Patient Management has evolved from the Patterns of Care Steering Committee (1979) which in turn was spawned by the Patterns of Care Study initiated by The American College of Radiology (ACR) in 1973. The objective of the ACR was to improve the quality of care by establishing guidelines for the best current management in radiation oncology through a consensus by peers. Pathology is concerned with establishing a diagnosis, providing a rationale for treatment, estimating prognosis, and evaluating outcome. Consequently, the CAP Patterns of Care Study assumed a different form from that of the ACR, adapting itself to the role of the pathologist as a consultant. Its objective, however, remained the same - to improve the quality of care by providing quality assurance of pathology reports dealing with cancer patients. Three task forces, one for each site, have been established. Each is composed of pathologists and other medical specialists from small and large community hospitals, universities, and private office practice. The primary function of each task force is to develop guidelines for data to be included in routine pathology consultation reports. These guidelines include parameters that document adequate examination of the specimen, and those essential elements which can be used to guide selection of therapy, estimate prognosis, and evaluate outcome, such as the pathologic factors required for staging. Data to help establish these guidelines have been obtained in consultation with medical specialists who are members of the task forces, as well as from the medical literature. This entire process will be discussed. Currently there is great concern about improving the quality of medical care, particularly in a cost effective manner. Assuring the quality of consultation reports is yet another way in which pathology can contribute.

Consultants↗
PubMed1984

Oat cell carcinoma of the gallbladder.

Among 448 malignant epithelial tumors of the gallbladder, 19 were classified as oat cell carcinomas. Seventeen cases occurred in elderly women. Eighteen of the patients had cholelithiasis. The neoplasms were highly lethal, metastasizing early and causing death shortly after diagnosis. All 19 patients died as a direct result of the tumors, with liver, regional lymph node, and/or lung metastases. Combination chemotherapy produced objective responses in two patients, the longest survivors of the series (11 and 13 months). The salient morphologic features of oat cell carcinomas of the gallbladder include large size at the time of diagnosis, extensive necrosis, and propensity for submucosal growth. Histologically, these tumors are composed of variable proportions of two cell types, round and fusiform, arranged in solid sheets, cords, or festoons. In areas of necrosis, the deposition of DNA in vessel walls is seen occasionally. Four tumors contained neoplastic glands similar to those present in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder. These tumors were considered to be a combined form of oat cell carcinoma. With the use of immunoperoxidase stains, focal carcinoembryonic antigen reactivity was demonstrated in three of 11 tumors. Electron microscopic examination revealed neurosecretory granules. Morphologically, these tumors resembled the oat cell carcinomas that occur at other sites.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Carcinoma in situ of the gallbladder. A clinicopathologic study of 18 cases.

Eighteen cases of carcinoma in situ of the gallbladder collected over a 7-year period at the General Hospital of Mexico City are reported. All patients were females whose ages ranged from 26 to 83 years with a mean of 55. Their symptoms and signs were related to the presence of stones. Grossly, the in situ carcinomas could not be differentiated from chronic cholecystitis. In only one case was the diagnosis suspected on macroscopic examination. Thirteen lesions were located either in the fundus or body of the gallbladder. Histologically there were two types of in situ carcinoma--papillary (two cases) and nonpapillary (16 cases). Hyperplasia of the antral-type glands was associated with 12 cases and cholecystitis follicularis with four. The atypical changes began on the surface epithelium and extended into the epithelial invaginations and later into the antral-type glands. Four carcinomas in situ exhibited limited invasion into the underlying lamina propria or inner part of the muscle layer. In the 15 cases that were examined, immunoperoxidase stains revealed cytoplasmic staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). All patients we were able to follow (those who had only carcinoma in situ) are symptom-free after cholecystectomy. One of the four patients with microinvasion died 7 years after cholecystectomy with clinical evidence of liver metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The ultrastructure of gallbladder carcinoma.

Nine malignant epithelial tumors of the gallbladder were examined electron microscopically. The tumors included the following subtypes: well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, and oat cell carcinoma. Well-differentiated adenocarcinomas recapitulated the ultrastructure of the normal surface epithelium of the gallbladder. Although columnar cells predominated, the narrow and dark-staining pencil-like cells were also present. The former appeared immature and secreted more mucin than normal columnar cells. Microvilli with long dense core rootlets were seen in one tumor. The most characteristic ultrastructural features of the signet ring cell carcinoma were the multiple mucin vacuoles and the intracytoplasmic lumina some of which appeared cystically dilated. Adenosquamous carcinomas were composed of four different cell types. Well-differentiated adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas showed in addition a few endocrine cells similar to these seen in the human gallbladder mucosa in association with intestinal metaplasia. Oat cell carcinomas contained neurosecretory granules but also exhibited glandular markers. Electron microscopy seems the most reliable method for the identification of oat cell carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Carcinoembryonic antigen in normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic gallbladder epithelium.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was found in normal epithelium, premalignant lesions, and all histologic types of carcinomas of the gallbladder. Immunocytochemical staining for CEA was limited to the apical surface of normal epithelium. In premalignant lesions and in carcinomas, the staining was more extensive, occurring within the cytoplasm and gland secretions. These findings show that the presence and the pattern of distribution of CEA in normal and neoplastic gallbladder epithelium closely resemble that in other gastrointestinal epithelia.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Familial carcinoma of ureters and other genitourinary organs.

We report on a woman, her mother and her mother's cousin who had papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter associated with other cancers of the genitourinary tract. Neoplasms in these family members may be due to interactions between host susceptibility factors and exposure to environmental carcinogens. Studies of peripheral blood karyotype and urine mutagenic activity yielded normal results.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The epidemiology of cancer of the extra-hepatic biliary tract in Bolivia.

Data on patients with cancer of the gall bladder and cancer of the extra-hepatic bile ducts were obtained from the tumour registry in La Paz, Bolivia. Incidence rates were calculated using the Bolivian census data and compared to US incidence data from the Third National Cancer Survey. The age and population standardized incidence rates for cancer of the gall bladder in Bolivia were 5.3/100,000 males/year and 10.3/100,000 females/year. Comparable US rates were 1.0/100,000 males/year and 2.1/100,000 females/year. The age and population standardized incidence rates for cancer of the extra-hepatic bile ducts in Bolivia were 1.1/100,000 males/year and 4.1/100,000 females/year. Comparable US rates were 1.6/100,000 males/year and 1.0/100,000 females/year respectively. Both diseases occurred at younger ages in Bolivia than in the US and both showed marked racial variation. Differences in disease incidence between Bolivia and the US could not be fully explained by differences in age, sex, or racial distributions. Studies designed to investigate the causes of this remarkable variation in disease incidence could provide important clues to disease aetiology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Malignant mesothelioma following radiation exposure.

Mesothelioma developed in proximity to the field of therapeutic radiation administered 10-31 years previously in four patients. In three, mesothelioma arose within the site of prior therapeutic radiation for another cancer. Mesothelioma in the fourth patient developed adjacent to the site of cosmetic radiation to a thyroidectomy scar. None of these four patients recalled an asbestos exposure or had evidence of asbestosis on chest roentgenogram. Lung tissue in one patient was negative for ferruginous bodies, a finding considered to indicate no significant asbestos exposure. Five other patients with radiation-associated mesothelioma have been reported previously, suggesting that radiation is an uncommon cause of human mesothelioma. Problems in the diagnosis of radiation-associated mesotheliomas are considered.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Labial and vaginal blood volume responses to visual and tactile stimuli.

Five women volunteers participated in two experimental sessions designed to evaluate the response patterns of two objective psychophysiological measure of women's sexual arousal to different methods (and intensities) of sexual stimulation (i.e., an erotic film and manual self-stimulation). A vaginal photoplethysmograph was used to measure vaginal blood volume response and a labial thermistor-clip was used to measure temperature changes of one of the minor labia. Both measures usually covaried in a highly significant manner during both types of stimulation, with the largest responses typically being evoked by the physical stimulation. The response patterns for the two measures were also similar following both methods of stimulation if the woman did not experience orgasm; both measures decreased to some extent after the stimulation ended but usually remained well above the prestimulatory baseline. Orgasm, however, affected the two genital measures differently. The vaginal blood volume measure decreased dramatically during the reported orgasm, possibly because of vaginal contractions, and then increased to at least the preorgasmic level that occurred during the stimulation. The labial measure did not change during the reported orgasm but decreased relatively rapidly soon after.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Unusual types of gallbladder carcinoma. A report of 16 cases.

In a review of 159 gallbladder carcinomas, we identified four unusual histologic types: oat-cell carcinoma (five cases), giant-cell adenocarcinoma (seven cases), intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (three cases), and adenocarcinoma with choriocarcinoma-like areas (one case). Oat-cell carcinomas were similar at light- and electron-microscopic levels to those previously described in other anatomic locations. Giant-cell adenocarcinomas coexisted with well-differentiated adenocarcinomas and exhibited transition areas. For these reasons, we believe that they originate from preexistent adenocarcinomas. Intestinal-type adenocarcinomas consisted predominantly of goblet cells or glandular structures similar to colonic crypts. These four histologic types of gallbladder carcinoma were more common in women than in men, usually coexisted with lithiasis, and had a highly aggressive clinical behavior. Fourteen patients died of direct local extension and metastases, and two were unavailable for follow-up.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Pathology in the Soviet Union.

Five pathologists from the United States visited the Soviet Union for three weeks in April 1978 to learn of the training in and the practice of pathology in that country. The major observations of the Americans were that (1) pathology is a medical specialty in the Soviet Union, with practice limited to anatomic pathology; (2) exfoliative cytology and clinical pathology are not part of pathology; (3) interest, both clinical and experimental, in occupational, environmental, and geographic pathology is conspicuous; (4) an autopsy rate of 90% to 95% is customary; and (5) there is an organized and hierarchical framework for practice, with career patterns established early and change infrequent.

Autopsy↗