Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D E Henson

Publications and source records attributed to D E Henson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The American Joint Committee on Cancer. Criteria for prognostic factors and for an enhanced prognostic system.

The American Joint Committee on Cancer proposes the following criteria for evaluating putative prognostic factors: they must be (1) significant, (2) independent, and (3) clinically important. Furthermore, we suggest the criteria for selecting a prognostic system that includes TNM and new prognostic factors. These criteria are: (1) easy for physicians to use; (2) provides predictions for all types of cancer; (3) provides the most accurate relapse and survival predictions at diagnosis and for every year lived for each patient; (4) provides group survival curves, where the grouping can be by any variable including outcome and therapy; (5) accommodates missing data and censored patients and is tolerant of noisy and biased data; (6) makes no a priori assumptions regarding the type of data, the distribution of the variables, or the relationships among the variables; (7) can test putative prognostic factors for significance, independence, and clinical importance; (8) accommodates treatment information in the evaluation of prognostic factors; (9) accommodates new putative prognostic factors without changing the model; (10) accommodates emerging diagnostic techniques; (11) provides information regarding the importance of each predictive variable; and (12) is automatic.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Multiple prognostic factors and outcome analysis in patients with cancer. Communication from the American Joint Committee on Cancer.

The authors report the establishment of a new Committee of the American Joint Committee on Cancer that has two objectives as follows: (1) to review the methods available to estimate outcome and (2) to study certain tumors to determine whether an expanded list of prognostic factors can be formulated into new prognostic systems that will have scientific value and clinical utility for treatment selection and staging.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

On the possible role of involution in the natural history of breast cancer.

Although the importance of the relationship between age and cancer incidence rates is recognized universally, little attention seems to have been paid to the relationship between the physiologic aging process in the breast and breast cancer risk. The natural history of breast cancer was examined in the context of involution of the breast, and it was proposed that the rate and extent of involution might be important determinants of breast cancer risk. It was concluded that additional studies to characterize the process of involution better histopathologically and to examine the associations between the rate and extent of involution and breast cancer risk are warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Patient characteristics, methods of evaluation and treatment of ocular melanoma in the United States for the years 1981 and 1987.

The American College of Surgeons performed a patient care and evaluation study of malignant melanoma for 1981 and 1987 to determine the presenting symptoms, methods of evaluation, clinical management and resulting outcome. A previous report on malignant melanoma of the skin has been published. This report details the findings of 245 ocular melanomas in 1981 and 275 ocular melanomas in 1987. Most of the ocular melanomas were uveal. The patients with ocular melanoma were older than the patients with skin melanoma. No significant difference was found in the number of ocular instances by gender and by study year. A high percentage of non-Hispanic Caucasians were documented with this disease, and a high percentage of ocular melanomas were not classified by the standard Callender classification. A significant number of melanomas had pigmentation, and a significant number of patients had imaging studies that, in the absence of an elevated alkaline phosphatase, usually yielded negative results. Most patients were treated with enucleation, with an increase in frequency of radiation therapy from 1981 to 1987. Local and regional recurrence was not a problem, but systemic metastases occurred frequently. Type of histologic factors by the Callender classification had an influence on survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Carcinoma of the gallbladder. Histologic types, stage of disease, grade, and survival rates.

Data on patients with gallbladder cancer listed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute were reviewed. Between 1977 and 1986, 3038 patients were recorded in the Program. Histologic grade, histologic type, stage of disease, and vascular invasion were correlated with outcome. Compared with all other histologic types of cancer, papillary carcinomas had the most favorable prognosis. The 2-year survival rate for patients with papillary carcinoma was 47%. A correlation with survival existed between grade, stage of disease, and vascular invasion. The study confirmed that cancers of the gallbladder occur more often in older age groups and are more common in women. Almost 40% of cases are found at an advanced stage. For patients whose enolase tumor was limited to the gallbladder at the time of surgery, the 2-year survival rate was 45% and the 5-year rate was 32%.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts. Histologic types, stage of disease, grade, and survival rates.

Data on patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute were reviewed. We analyzed the records of 1766 patients reported during a 10-year period (1977-1986). These tumors occurred primarily in older age groups and were slightly more common in males. Histologic grade, histologic types, and stage of disease are useful prognostic indicators. The 5-year survival rate for patients with Stage I disease was 11%. Although carcinomas of the extrahepatic bile ducts are better differentiated than carcinomas arising in the gallbladder, they have a less favorable prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The WHO Histological Classification of Tumors of the Gallbladder and Extrahepatic Bile Ducts. A commentary on the second edition.

The second edition of the WHO Histological Classification of Tumors of the Gallbladder and Extrahepatic Bile Ducts is more comprehensive and detailed than the previous one. Advances in our understanding of dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, various lines of differentiation among the carcinomas, and the recognition of a variety of tumor-like lesions have resulted in more than three times as many entities in the current classification as in the previous one. The new edition should facilitate pathologic, epidemiologic, and therapeutic comparisons.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Future directions for the American Joint Committee on Cancer.

This report summarizes future directions for the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). It was presented at the Workshop on Molecular Markers in the Classification and Staging of Cancer that was sponsored by the AJCC and supported by a grant from the American Cancer Society.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1992

Patient characteristics, methods of diagnosis and treatment of melanoma in the United States.

The American College of Surgeons performed a patient care and evaluation study of melanoma for 1981 and 1987 to determine the presenting symptoms, methods of evaluation, clinical management and resulting outcome. Melanomas of the skin, eye, mucous membrane, metastases with unknown primary site and miscellaneous sites were included. Details concerning 5,004 patients from 681 hospitals in the study in 1981 and 6,900 patients from 844 hospitals in the study in 1987 were obtained--most melanomas were located in the skin; a decline in symptoms occurred at initial diagnosis; an increase in age at first diagnosis was reported; most melanomas were in Caucasian patients; slightly more melanomas occurred in men than women; more melanomas occurred in men on the head and neck and trunk, and more in the lower extremity in women; most tumors were not large in diameter; a significant shift was reported to lower levels of Clark's invasion, and a significant amount of unknowns existed in the Breslow's thickness of invasion. The large number of unknowns makes analysis difficult, but there seems to be some shift toward thinner levels of Breslow's in tumors in which it was known, from 1981 to 1987. Only a small proportion of patients in the current series was known to have node involvement or known distant metastases. An overall decline in diagnostic studies occurred between 1981 and 1987.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Relationship among outcome, stage of disease, and histologic grade for 22,616 cases of breast cancer. The basis for a prognostic index.

Survival rates for 22,616 cases of breast cancer listed in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute were stratified on outcome according to the histologic grade and stage of disease. Two different staging systems, "local, regional, and distant" and a modified American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) system adopted for SEER were used. Relative survival rates were calculated at 5 and 10 years. Patients who were assigned Stage II, Grade 1 had the same survival as those assigned Stage I, Grade 3. Their survival was better than patients assigned Stage I, Grade 4. The 5-year relative survival rate for patients listed as Stage I, Grade 1 was 99% and for patients listed as Stage I, Grade 2, it was 98%. At 10 years, the survival rate of patients assigned Stage I, Grade 1 was 95%. Patients with histologic Grade 1 tumors less than 2 cm in size and with positive axillary lymph nodes had a 5-year survival rate of 99%. As breast tumors increased in size, the histologic grade also increased. The results suggest that in linking histologic grade with stage of disease, the staging system should also be considered. Histologic grade when used in conjunction with stage of disease can improve the prediction of outcome. Our results also indicate that a prognostic index can be created for breast cancer using a combination of stage of disease and histologic grade. The data suggest that only three grades are needed for breast cancer.

Adult↗