A case is reported in which extensive mesocolonic and retroperitoneal granulomatous and fibrotic disease were apparently due to occult diverticulitis. The patient later had a good result from aggressive but limited operation for obstructions of the ureter and colon.

Diverticulitis, Colonic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Obligatory negative nitrogen balance following spinal cord injury.

Obligatory nitrogen losses due to paralysis in the spinal cord-injured (SCI) patient prevent positive nitrogen balance (NB) regardless of the calorie and protein intakes. Ten patients with SCI and 20 controls with nonspinal cord injury (NSCI) matched for time, sex, age, and injury severity score (ISS) were admitted to our Level I trauma center. In both groups, total nutritional support was delivered within 72 hours of admission based on predicted energy expenditures (PEE = Harris-Benedict equation x 1.2 x 1.6) and 2 g of protein/kg of ideal body weight (IBW). Subsequent changes in nutrient delivery were based on NB. No SCI patient established positive NB during the 7-week period following injury despite an average delivery of 2.4 g of protein/kg IBW and 120% of the PEE at the time of peak negative NB (-10.5). In six SCI patients, an average increase of 25% in delivered protein and 12% in delivered calories over a 1-week period effected no change in average NB (-7.4 vs -6.8). Indirect calorimetry in five SCI patients showed that calorie intakes were 110% more than average measured energy expenditures. In contrast, 17 of 20 NCSI patients achieved positive NB within 3 weeks of admission. They required an average delivery of 2.3 g of protein/kg IBW and 110% of PEE to reach positive NB. These data demonstrate the phenomenon of obligatory negative NB acutely following SCI. Aggressive attempts to achieve positive NB in these patients will fail and result in overfeeding.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Parenteral feeding alters the fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids of rabbits.

BACKGROUND: Cholestatic liver disease develops in 30% to 70% of neonates receiving total parental nutrition (TPN). We analyzed the fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids from control and TPN-fed rabbits to determine if TPN altered the fatty acid profile. METHODS: Eleven male New Zealand White rabbits aged 9 to 11 weeks received TPN, whereas 11 other rabbits were offered standard laboratory rabbit chow ad libitum. After 14 days on the prescribed diet, serum samples were analyzed for their phospholipid fatty acid content by gas chromatography. RESULTS: The proportions of palmitolenic (16:2n7), alpha-linolenic (18:3n3), arachidic (20:0), and eicosaenoic (20:1n9) acids were significantly lower in the serum phospholipids of the TPN-fed animals compared with the control group. The proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n3), a fatty acid that is critical to the development of the nervous system, was increased two- to threefold. CONCLUSIONS: The differences in proportions of fatty acids observed between control and TPN-fed animals indicate that a fatty acid elongation and desaturation pathways are perturbed in rabbits on TPN.

Amino Acids↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The presence of avian adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses in healthy chickens.

Avian adenoviruses were isolated from 56 of 106 fecal and rectal tissue samples taken from apparently healthy young chickens on 4 farms. Only one isolation was made from the 37 samples from 3- and 4-week-old chicks, while the isolation frequency was 64-100% in groups 5 weeks old and older. The 56 adenovirus isolates were classified into 6 serotypes. Vurses of 3 or 4 types were found on each farm. Avian adeno-associated virus CF antigens were found, using chicken embryos coinfected with an adenovirus helper, in 2 of the 38 adenovirus isolated studied.

Adenoviridae↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Serological response of chickens exposed to a type 1 avian adenovirus alone or in combination with the adeno-associated virus.

The avian adenoviruses (AV) are common infectious agents of poultry and other avian species throughout the world (1,4,8). Limited observations suggest that the adeno-associated virus (A-AV) coinfects many of the chickens that carry AV (8). The presence and persistence of these infections in a flock is often determined by serological methods. In the current study, the immune response of chickens to type 1 AV alone and to a dual exposure, AV plus A-AV, was followed over a 12-week period with a variety of serological tests. The study also determined the duration of the viral infections.

Adenoviridae↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of avian adeno-associated virus on pathogenicity of Tipton virus in chicks.

The avian adeno-associated virus (A-AV) reduced the pathogenicity of an adenovirus infection in vivo. Groups of chicks were infected with Tipton virus alone or in combination with high or low doses of A-AV. In both trials, the associated virus delayed and reduced chick mortality. This effect was dose-dependent and significant at the higher dose level.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

PubMedDate not supplied