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Biomedical subjects

D E Chang

Publications and source records attributed to D E Chang.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cold injuries.

Until recently, military personnel have had the greatest risk for cold injuries. During the past two decades, however, destitute persons without adequate clothing or shelter, and sports enthusiasts participating in snowmobiling, mountain climbing, and skiing have been responsible for the increased incidence of cold exposure seen in a large civilian population. Consequently, cold injury remains a crippling problem. Although research is opening new avenues of accurate diagnosis and expeditious treatment, the standard against which these methods must be measured continues to be a rational treatment plan that often prevents the sequelae of cold injuries.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1988

Automatic wire twister.

This automatic wire twister used in surgery consists of a 6-inch needle holder attached to a twisting mechanism. The major advantage of this device is that it twists wires significantly more rapidly than the conventional manual techniques. Testing has found that the ultimate force required to disrupt the wires twisted by either the automatic wire twister or manual techniques did not differ significantly and was directly related to the number of twists. The automatic wire twister reduces the time needed for wire twisting without altering the security of the twisted wire.

Bone Wires↗
PubMed1987

Performance of disposable needle syringe systems for local anesthesia.

The performance of different disposable needle syringe systems was determined by measuring needle-puncture pain, needle-bending forces, and the fluid dynamics of the systems. Thirty-gauge needles cause less needle-puncture pain than any other needle. The force required to bend the 30-gauge needle irreversibly was lower than that for the other needles. Studies of the fluid dynamics of different needle syringe assemblies demonstrated that the flow rate can be limited by using large-size syringes (30 mL) and needles with the smallest internal diameter. On the basis of the results of this study, 30-gauge needles attached to 10-mL syringes are recommended for infiltration anesthesia, and 25-gauge needles with 10-mL syringes are advocated for regional nerve blocks. In infiltration anesthesia, the local anesthetic agent should be injected slowly into the subdermal tissue over a 10-second period. When performing regional nerve blocks, it is also advisable to inject the local anesthetic agent over a 10-second time interval.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1987

Talotibial exostoses with entrapment of the deep peroneal nerve.

An athlete with talotibial exostoses with entrapment of the deep peroneal nerve is presented. This diagnosis was made by history, physical and roentgenographic examinations, bone scan, and isokinetic exercising. Treatment of this condition involved surgical excision of the boney exostoses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Commotio cordis in a lacrosse goalie.

A case of commotio cordis has been documented in a male lacrosse goalie. The development of this injury is attributed to a defect in the design of the lacrosse chest protector. Insufficient foam padding over the sternum makes the goalie vulnerable to cardiac concussion. An improvement in the design of the chest protector is now being instituted by the manufacturers that should prevent this serious injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anesthetic properties and toxicity of bupivacaine and lidocaine for infiltration anesthesia.

The purpose of this study was to measure the toxicity and anesthetic properties of two anesthetic agents, bupivacaine and lidocaine. These anesthetic agents did not damage tissue defenses or invite infection in experimental animals. In addition, the pain of subdermal injection, the onset of anesthesia, and the frequency of satisfactory anesthesia in human volunteers were remarkably similar. Because the duration of anesthesia induced by bupivacaine was nearly four times longer than that by lidocaine, bupivacaine is recommended for infiltration anesthesia of lacerations treated in the emergency department.

Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of gender and age on the behind-the-back reach test.

The behind-the-back reach test is a reproducible and reliable physical fitness test for musculoskeletal extensibility of the upper extremities, shoulder girdles, and upper back. Requiring only a rigid ruler and marking pen, administration of this test can be learned easily both by medical and nonmedical personnel. Normative data derived from a study of healthy subjects of different ages demonstrated that extensibility decreases with age. Moreover, musculoskeletal extensibility for women was significantly greater than that for men. The test results were not influenced significantly by anthropometric measurements.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatal transcutaneous iron intoxication.

Accidental iron intoxication is one of the most serious and potentially fatal intoxications in young children. Occurrence in the adult population is rare and is usually associated with a suicide or homicide attempt. Heretofore, all reported cases have involved oral ingestion of ferrous and ferric salts of iron. In a case of fatal iron intoxication reported by Doolin and Drueck, in addition to swallowing a liquid form of ferrous chloride, the patient aspirated it and absorbed it through chemically burned and denuded areas of skin when he fell into a vat of saturated ferrous chloride at work. It is the purpose of this report to describe the first case of fatal iron intoxication in which the sole route of iron absorption was the burned skin. Clinical course of this patient paralleled that of acute oral iron intoxication with development of refractory acidosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, respiratory and renal failure, and sepsis.

Acidosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Limited joint mobility in power lifters.

In this study we compared the flexibility of 10 power lifters with 10 age-matched nonpower lifters as controls. To do this, we used goniometric measurements, the behind the back reach test, and the sit and reach test. The sit and reach test was the only measurement that showed the flexibility of the power lifters to be greater than that of the nonpower lifters.

Adult↗