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Biomedical subjects

D Dutta

Publications and source records attributed to D Dutta.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Nosocomial rotavirus diarrhea in two medical wards of a pediatric hospital in Calcutta.

One hundred eighty nine children suffering from different medical problems were admitted in two wards of a pediatric hospital in Calcutta during the period between November 18, 1985 and February 10, 1986. Amongst them, 36 children developed nosocomial diarrhea and rotavirus was detected from 80.5% of the cases. The nosocomial rotavirus diarrhea cases had lesser frequency of stools and only mild dehydration but the course of illness was longer in comparison to that of the hospitalized rotavirus diarrhea cases. There is a possibility of spread of infection via fomites, environmental surfaces and most likely mothers.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Facial dyskinesia: a 16-year follow-up study.

The 109 female survivors of a mental hospital population surveyed in 1965 for facial dyskinesia were followed up 16 years later. The 99 survivors with non-organic brain syndromes were analysed. Prevalence of dyskinesia had risen from 18.4% to 46.5% during follow-up and its development was significantly associated with neuroleptic dosage. Enlarged ventricles on brain scans were significantly associated with dyskinesia, cognitive impairment and neuroleptic prescribing.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1991

Clostridium difficile and its cytotoxin in hospitalized children with acute diarrhea.

A total of 498 children, aged 0-14 years, admitted at the B.C. Roy Memorial Hospital for Children, Calcutta, were investigated for the occurrence of Clostridium difficile and its cytotoxin. Of the children in the investigation, 369 suffered from acute diarrhea. Only 8.4% of these children had C. difficile in fecal samples and in vitro cytotoxin was demonstrated in 7%. In 27 (7.3%) of the patients with acute diarrhea C. difficile was isolated as the only pathogen. In contrast, among 129 control children not suffering from acute diarrhea, only 4 (3.1%) harboured C. difficile. Isolation of C. difficile was significantly higher in children under one year of age. None of these patients had any history of prior antibiotic therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Oral rehydration solution containing 90 millimol sodium is safe and useful in treating diarrhoea in severely malnourished children.

The safety and efficacy of standard oral glucose-electrolyte solution, containing 90 mmol of sodium per litre, was evaluated in the treatment of dehydrating diarrhoea among severely malnourished (marasmic) children. A total of 81 male children aged between 6 and 48 months were studied; 41 were in the malnourished group (study group: less than 60% of Harvard Standard weight-for-age) and 40 were in the well-nourished group (control group: 80% or more Harvard Standard weight-for-age). Children of both groups could be rehydrated with standard oral rehydration solution (ORS) without encountering any clinical or biochemical complications. The results of this study lend support to the World Health Organization's concept of a unified formula of ORS for the treatment of all cases of acute diarrhoea, including severely malnourished children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Blood group and shigellosis.

A study on the distribution of ABO blood groups was carried out on 85 patients with clinically and bacteriologically proven shigellosis. A significant association (P less than 0.01) of blood group B was observed with shigellosis cases in comparison to controls from whom no Shigella species or other enteropathogen could be isolated. Patients with isoagglutinin B or those who possess blood group B antigen may be at a relatively increased risk of shigellosis.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

Double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial of norfloxacin for cholera.

In a double-blind, randomized clinical trial with 78 adults with acute watery diarrhea and severe dehydration, 37 subjects were positive for Vibrio cholerae. In conjunction with rehydration therapy, 13 patients received norfloxacin, 12 received trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and 12 received a placebo. Norfloxacin was superior to TMP-SMX and to the placebo in reducing stool output, duration of diarrhea, fluid requirements, and vibrio excretion. TMP-SMX was no better than the placebo.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical & bacteriological profiles of shigellosis in Calcutta before & after an epidemic (1984-87).

Patients below 5 yr of age, hospitalised for shigellosis over a period of four years (1984-87), were studied. During the epidemic of bacillary dysentery (1984) isolation of different Shigella spp. as well as Shigella dysenteriae type 1 was high. Decreased isolation of Sh. dysenteriae type 1 and increased isolation of Sh. flexneri was observed during post-epidemic years (1985-87). Isolation of different Shigella spp. was always above 25 per cent from patients with dysentery and greater than 7 per cent from those with watery diarrhoea during the post-epidemic years. Higher incidence of shigellosis was observed amongst older children (greater than 3 yr). Most of the shigellosis patients complained of blood and mucus in stools. Vomiting was common among shigellosis patients presenting with watery diarrhoea whereas fever was commonly seen in patients with both dysentery and watery diarrhoea. Most patients of shigellosis presenting with blood and mucus in stools had no dehydration.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Efficacy & safety of glycine fortified oral rehydration solution in the treatment of acute dehydrating diarrhoea in children.

Efficacy and safety of glycine fortified oral rehydration solution (ORS) was compared with a standard ORS (WHO formula) in a randomized clinical trial in children aged between 4 months and 5 yr with moderate degree of dehydration owing to acute watery diarrhoea. No significant differences (P greater than 0.05) were observed in diarrhoeal stool output, duration of diarrhoea and intake of ORS between the study and control groups respectively. Thus glycine fortified ORS does not have any additional advantage over standard ORS. Moreover, two children developed hypernatraemia after receiving glycine fortified ORS in contrast to the control group. It is therefore suggested that glycine supplemented ORS should not be prescribed for the treatment of diarrhoeal dehydration in children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Mortality and facial dyskinesia.

In 1965 a psychiatric in-patient population was surveyed for the prevalence of facial dyskinesia. The present investigation reports on their survival time. Among male and female patients with functional disorders (mostly schizophrenia) there was a strong association between moderate or severe facial dyskinesia and shortened survival, but no clinical factors were found to explain this. Mild facial dyskinesia in functional disorders was not associated with reduced life expectancy and may be attributable to the general effects of ageing rather than to a specific pathological process. Among patients with primary organic brain syndromes, dyskinesia was not associated with reduced life expectancy.

Aged↗