Biomedical subjects

D Dotrelová

Publications and source records attributed to D Dotrelová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Clinical appearance and outcome of zone 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)].

The goal of this clinical trial was to evaluate outcomes of the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) located in zone 1 (Zone 1 ROP). This disease has a specific clinical appearance and poor prognosis. Usually it is difficult to identify particular stages of ROP and to indicate treatment while following progression of the disease. In the group of zone 1 ROP it is necessary to separate transient forms (TF), in which vascularizations reach edges of zone 2, from very posterior forms (VPR), in which vascularizations and pathological changes are present only in zone 1. There were 24 eyes with zone 1 ROP (15 children) treated with combination of transcleral laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy during the years 2000 till 2005 in our series. Five eyes suffered from VPR, 19 eyes from TF. Average follow -up was 24 months. We found better outcomes in eyes with TF treated in pre-threshold stage of ROP (10 eyes) than in threshold stage of ROP (9 eyes). All 5 eyes with VPR developed unfavourable ROP stage IV or V. Zone 1 ROP becomes diagnostic and therapeutic challenge considering growing incidence of surviving of newborns with low or very low birth weight. Treatment initiation during prethreshold stage of ROP as it is supported by ETROP study (Early treatment of ROP) seems to be promising.

Cryotherapy↗

PubMed2005

[Perforating pars plana sclerotomy in idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome].

PURPOSE: To evaluate anatomical and functional results of perforating pars plana sclerotomy in 2 patients with the idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome (IUES). METHODS: In two patients with IUES the perforating pars plana sclerotomy was performed. During the surgery samples of the suprachoroidal fluid for biochemical analysis of protein fractions were taken. RESULTS: During the follow-up period (average 4 years) the retina and the choroid attached, and the central visual acuity (VA) improved as well in both patients. CONCLUSION: In IUES, the conservative treatment is not effective. Perforating pars plana sclerotomy is treatment of choice and it had positive anatomical and functional effect in both our patients with IUES.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Terson's syndrome, pars plana vitrectomy and anatomical and functional outcome].

The retrospective case review was aimed to demonstrate anatomical and functional results of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with Terson's syndrome (TS). The most common cause of TS was an acute subarachnoid hemorrhage of ruptured intracranial aneurysm (6 eyes). One patient suffered traumatic subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage. PPV was performed in 7 eyes of 6 patients (2 women and 4 men). The patients ranged in age from 18 to 53 years (average 37.5 year), the mean age was 37.5 years. The interval between intracranial hemorrhage and PPV varied from 2 to 12 month (average 7.5 months). The visual acuity postoperatively improved in all 7 eyes. The mean period of observation was 12.5 month. Intraoperative complications included retinal break (1) only. Late complications included epiretinal membrane (2), glaucoma (1), cataract (2) and conjunctival cyst (1). Pars plana vitrectomy is highly effective and relatively safe method in hastening visual rehabilitation of adults with Terson's syndrome.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Surgical treatment of late tractional retinal detachment appearing on the basis of retinopathy of prematurity].

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a proliferative retinopathy affecting predominantly immature children and children with low birth weight under 2500 g in 5-6%. During 11 years we operated on 15 eyes of 15 patients aged 5-31 years, because of late tractional retinal detachment (TRD) appearing on the basis of ROP. The average follow-up period was 37.2 months; the minimal follow-up period was 1 year. In all patients, the personal medical history revealed the pre-term birth at the gestation age of 28-34 weeks. The birth weight was in the range 850-1600 grams. According to the extend of vitreoretinal traction and type of retinal defect we indicated: a) primary cryosurgical procedure (CP) with episcleral silicone implants. The operation was indicated in 6 eyes: cerclage, segmental perilimbal plombage in the temporal half and puncture of the subretinal fluid; b) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). In total in 9 eyes the PPV was indicated, in 5 eyes it was supplemented with relaxing retinotomy, and in 7 eyes with silicone oil (SO) implantation. Three eyes were re-operated by means of PPV with SO implantation. The final anatomical success of the surgical treatment of the prognostic unfavorable TRD, including re-operations was achieved in 12 eyes (80%), which we consider as a good one. The visual acuity improved or remained the same also in 12 eyes (80%) and visual acuity 6/60 and better (20/200 or 0.1) in 8 out of 15 eyes (53%).

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[Treatment of uveal effusion syndrome after filtering surgery (2 case reports)].

The purpose of this article is to report the surgical treatment of two patients. After the filtering surgery a dehiscence of the conjunctiva emerged and was followed by an extreme hypotony of the eyeball and an extensive uveal effusion. The first patient, 82 years old lady, was treated with the diagnosis of chronic open angle glaucoma for 25 years. The right eye with an absolute glaucoma, the left eye had normal intraocular pressure (IOP) and was after a combined filtering surgical procedure with phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation in 1998. In autumn 2000, the patient suffered conjunctivitis, and the prominent filtering bleb was damaged due to frequent rubbing of the eye because of itching. Severe hypotony of the eyeball with secondary uveal effusion followed. Considering the age of the patient and the only functional eye, an extreme surgery was indicated: PC IOL explantation (removal), pars plana vitrectomy (ppV) with silicone oil implantation. After the surgery the eyeball was anatomically stabilized and the VA (visual acuity) improved from initial uncertain light perception to 0.08 (1/12 or 3/36) and certain light perception. The second patient, 35 years old man suffered in 1995 a serious penetrating injury with an intraocular foreign body of the right globe. During the following five years the patient underwent in altogether six intraocular surgeries due to posttraumatic cataract and rhegmatogenous and tractional detachment of the retina. In the year 2000, trabeculectomy due to secondary glaucoma was indicated and 8 months later, on patients demand an anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOL) was implanted. During the first week after the surgery severe hypotonia of the globe and secondary uveal effusion caused by conjunctival dehiscence in the upper nasal quadrant of the eyeball developed. Because of complicated ocular history of the patient who underwent on the whole eight eye surgeries a relative minimal procedure was indicated: AC IOL removal and insufflation of 1 ml of 100% hexafluorosulfide (SF6) expansive gas into the anterior chamber and vitreous cavity. The globe was stabilized and the VA (visual acuity) improved from initial uncertain light perception to 0.25 (6/24 or 20/80) with certain light perception.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Endogenous mycotic endophthalmitis and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV)].

PURPOSE: To report clinical findings, diagnostic and treatment possibilities of patients with endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE). METHODS: Retrospective study of 13 patients (19 eyes) with EFE diagnosed and treated in the Dept. of Ophthalmology, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University in Prague. A detailed personal medical history was taken in all patients. Standard ophthalmic examinations were performed in all cases. RESULTS: All of our patients had one or more of known risk factors for ocular fungal infections. There were intravenous drug users, immunosuppressed patients, postoperative patients receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics in our investigated group. The mean age of the patients was 39 years (from 19 to 68 years), the interval between the first ocular symptoms and correct diagnosis was up to 7 months (mean 2.1 months). Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was performed in 15 eyes and Amphotericin B was instilled into vitreous cavity at the end of the procedure. Amphotericin B was injected into vitreous without PPV in two eyes. All patients were treated with systemic antifungal agents. Only Candida albicans was the cause of EFE in 10 patients. Microscopic examination and culture were positive in 9 patients, 1 patient had positive serum antibodies against Candida albicans in significant titres. Final visual acuity improved in 47% of the eyes, stabilized in 36% of the eyes, and decreased in 17% of the eyes. CONCLUSION: Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis was seen as an opportunistic disease in all patients. Candida albicans was the only evidenced cause of fungal endophthalmitis. If prompt antifungal treatment after clinical suspicion of EFE begins, successful visual outcome is possible.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Pars plana vitrectomy and primary implantation of silicone oil in the treatment of acute exogenous endophthalmitis in eyes without retinal detachment].

UNLABELLED: Acute exogenous endophthalmitis (AEE) is the most serious post-traumatic or postoperative complication which without immediate treatment leads to amaurosis or anatomical loss of the eye. If comprehensive antibiotic treatment fails immediate pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is indicated. Empirically and later also by laboratory methods the antiinflammatory effect of silicone oil (SO) was revealed. The objective of the present retrospective study is to demonstrate anatomical and functional results of PPV with implantation of SO for AEE on eyes without detachment of the retina. In 1990-2000 the authors operated a total of 22 eyes of 22 patients with AEE. The mean age of the patients was 59.6 years, the mean observation period 35.5 months. In 17 eyes postoperative and in 5 eyes post-traumatic AEE was involved. The mean interval between the original operation and PPV was 20.8 days and between the injury and PPV 5.4 days. In all patients we took at the beginning of PPV specimens of the vitreous body for cultivatin which gave in 63.6% a positive result. The intraocular lens was explanted in 81.8% eyes. After subtotal resection of the vitreous body we implanted SO and in all aphakic eyes we performed iridectomy in no. 6. PPV was completed by administration of vancomycin and ceftazidime into the vitreous space. In 95.4% of the eyes we preserved anatomically the bulbus, in one instance we eviscerated the bulbus three days after failure of PPV (4.6%). In 86.4% the retina remained anatomically attached and in the remaining 9% eyes beneath the SO traction detachment of the retina developed. Visual acuity improved in 72.7% eyes, it remained unchanged in 9.1% eyes and deteriorated in 18.2% eyes. Silicone oil was explanted in 40.9% eyes after a mean interval of 4.6 months following PPV. In the remaining patients we did not indicate explantation of SO, in particular because of the patients' advanced age, CONCLUSION: We recommend PPV and implantation of SO in AEE on eyes without detachment of the retina as the method of choice.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2003

[Primary pars plana vitrectomy in the treatment of penetrating eye injuries involving intraocular foreign bodies in the vitreous body ].

The method of choice in the treatment of penetrating eye injuries affecting the vitreous body with an intraocular foreign body is in the majority of patients primary pars plana vitrectomy with transvitreal extraction of the foreign body (FB). During the period from April 1999 till September 2000 the authors treated thus at the Ophthalmological Clinic of the General Faculty Hospital and 1st Medical Faculty Charles University Prague 26 eyes of 26 young men with an average age of 34 years. The mean interval between the injury and primary PPV was 8.5 days. The patients were followed up on average for 23.5 months. The entrance of the penetrating injury was in 17 eyes in the cornea or limbus, in 9 eyes in the sclera. In two eyes posttraumatic endophthalmitis developed. The intraocular FB was 6 mm2 in size in 16 eyes and 6-20 mm2 in 10 eyes. In primary PPV we indicated in 14 eyes internal tamponade with gas or silicone oil. On account of late retinal complications which developed as a result of proliferative vitreoretinopathy we indicated in eight eyes PPV reoperation. At the end of the investigation period in 3 eyes inoperable detachment of the retina developed. As the main negative prognostic factor for final visual acuity the authors evaluated a size of the FB greater than 6 mm2, other negative prognostic factors are the scleral entrance injury, complications of the entrance injury (prolapse of the iris, vitreous body, haemophthalmus) and the development of posttraumatic exogenous endophthalmitis.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[Importance of pars plana vitrectomy in the diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis].

A retrospective study evaluates the importance of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in four patients with ocular form of toxocarosis. The results of laboratory determination of the titres of antibodies against Toxocara canis (the ELISA method) in samples of vitreous body were compared with those in the serum of the patient. The individual cases exemplify the problems in interpretation of laboratory findings and document the authors' experience in considering the diagnosis of ocular toxocarosis in individual cases. The authors' experience indicates that PPV is of diagnostic as well as of therapeutic significance.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of retinal detachment with bilateral idiopathic retinal dialysis].

The retrospective study was aimed at demonstrating anatomical and functional results of surgical treatment in patients with bilateral idiopathic retinal dialysis (BIRD). In the period of 1985-2001 the authors operated on BIRD in 10 eyes of five patients (three men and two women). No eye injury or inflammation was present in the case history of the patients. The age of the patients was between 11 and 30 years, the mean age was 19.2 years. The symptoms typical for retinal detachment were present in four eyes only and absent in the other six eyes. Hyperopia of both eyes in analogy with myopia of both eyes was observed in two patients, respectively, whereas emmetropia was present in one patient. The retinal dialysis (RD) occurred in lower temporal quadrant in all eyes (100%), in one eye (10%) it also occurred together with an discontinuous RD in upper temporal quadrant and in another eye it was extended into lower nasal quadrant. Demarcation lines were present in 5 eyes (50%), subretinal solid strands in 1 eye (10%). Scleral buckling procedures were performed as the primary surgical procedure in all 10 eyes of 5 patients. Eight eyes was operated on with the use of segmental circumferential sponge buckles of silicone and two eyes with the use of encircling elements of solid silicone. Retina was successfully reattached postoperatively in 9 eyes (90%) and remained detached in one eye (10%). The visual acuity preoperatively 6/12 or better remained unchanged postoperatively in 8 eyes (80%). The visual acuity postoperatively improved in 1 eye (10%) and in 1 eye (10%) visual acuity was decreased. The mean period of observation of the patients was 86 months. The necessity of a routine examination of the extreme retinal periphery of the fellow asymptomatic eye of the young adult with no history of trauma and with the retinal detachment associated with retinal dialysis in one eye is also discussed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Importance of diagnostic and therapeutic pars plana vitrectomy in endogenous uveitis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the importance of diagnostic-therapeutic pars plana vitrectomy in patients with clinical manifestations of endogenous uveitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The diagnostic-therapeutic pars plana vitrectomy (DT PPV) has been performed at the Eye Clinic of General Faculty Hospital and 1st Medical Faculty on Prague on 62 eyes in 49 patients at the mean age of 45 years. The DT PPV was indicated in patients with uveitis of unusual clinical picture or poorly reacting to treatment, suspected infection or tumor etiology. In the beginning of PPV, 0.5 to 1.5 ml of undiluted vitreous body was samples and subsequently examined by microbiology, immunology and molecular genetic methods. PPV was performed on both eyes in 10 patients, on one eye twice in each of three patients. The authors evaluated 62 samples of vitreous body on the whole. The patients were observed for up to 96 months. RESULTS: Laboratory examination of the samples of vitreous body from 22 eyes (35.4%) supported our notion on infection etiology of intraocular inflammation, manifestations of intraocular tumor were in 12 eyes (19.3%), vascular or vitreoretinal pathology was present in 6 eyes (9.6%). Nonspecific inflammatory changes were detected in 22 eyes (35.4%). Drugs were administered into the vitreous body in 16 eyes. In the observation period the authors detected marked late complications in connection with DD PPV in 18 eyes (29%). Visual acuity improved by two or more lines of the Snellen optotypes in 43 eyes (69.3%), remained unchanged in 11 (17.7%) eyes. The vision deteriorated in 8 eyes (12.9%). CONCLUSION: Based on this experience the authors are of the opinion that DT PPV is indicated in patients with uveitis for giving more precision to the diagnosis of intraocular inflammation or a masking syndrome. DT PPV also represents a therapeutic procedure to cure complications connected with a severe form of inflammation and makes it possible to save central visual acuity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

[Surgical treatment of progressive and symptomatic retinal detachment in senile retinoschisis].

BACKGROUND: This is 23-years retrospective study of consecutive, non-selected patients with senile retinoschisis and rare progressive and symptomatic retinal detachment (RD). The presence of RD was manifested by spectrum of retinal pathology of inner and outer layers of senile retinoschisis, ranging from simple holes to giant tears with or without proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The goals of this study were: 1--to evaluate the characteristics of the progressive and symptomatic RD based on detail preoperative examination of the eye, 2--to evaluate the anatomic and functional results of RD surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1978 to 1999, RD surgery was performed on 57 eyes of 55 patients (28 men and 27 women) with senile retinoschisis and progressive and symptomatic RD. On average, we observed the patients for approximately 11.3 years after surgery; the minimum follow-up period was 20 months. The patients were divided in two groups according to the preoperative findings and the surgical procedures. Based on the size and the location of the defects of the inner and outer layer of senile retinoschisis and the proliferative vitreoretinopathy these procedures were indicated: 1--Uncomplicated cases of progressive and symptomatic retinal detachment were operated on primary cryopexy and scleral buckling (CSB) with episcleral silicone implants in 45 eyes. 2--Complicated cases of progressive and symptomatic retinal detachment underwent a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in 12 eyes: a--primary PPV was used as the primary treatment method in 6 eyes, b--secondary PPV as a secondary treatment method after unsuccessfully primary CSB with episcleral silicone implants in next 6 eyes. RESULTS: Characteristics preoperative findings were: RD in two or more quadrants in 84.2% of the eyes, including macula region in 71.9% of the eyes. Defect of the outer layer of senile retinoschisis was located postequatorial in 80% of the eyes, large retinal tears were found in 53.3% of the eyes and single defect was diagnosed in 68.8% of the eyes. Defect the of inner layer of senile retinoschisis was located equatorial in 69.5% of the eyes, small defects were found in 78.2% of the eyes and multiple defects were diagnosed in 58.6% of the eyes. Defects of the outer and the inner layer of senile retinoschisis were diagnosed in the equal quadrant in 61.4% of the eyes. The results of surgery varied, depending on the size and location of the defects of the inner and outer layer of senile retinoschisis and proliferative vitreoretinopathy: 1--The complete retinal reattachment in group treated with CSB was achieved in 43 eyes (95.5%), the average visual acuity was 0.34-2--The complete retinal reattachment in group treated with PPV was achieved by: a--primary PPV in six eyes, the average visual acuity was 0.37, b--secondary PPV four eyes, the average visual acuity was 0.16. CONCLUSIONS: Characteristic of senile retinoschisis, especially its defects of inner and outer layers is important preoperative finding for optimal indication of primary surgical treatment of progressive and symptomatic retinal detachment. According to our clinical experiences we created the syllabus of the care about the senile retinoschisis and syllabus of surgical treatment of progressive and symptomatic RD. Standard surgical procedures are the CSB and in the last period also primary PPV.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Cataract surgery in eyes treated with vitrectomy for idiopathic macular holes].

The authors evaluated the final functional results in 30 eyes where on account of nuclear and cortical cataract an intraocular lens was implanted. The operation was preceded by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with internal gas tamponade on account of an idiopathic macular hole (IMD). The cataract the development of which was recorded in 57 eyes was the manifestation of a late postoperative complication from a total number of 84 phakic eyes (67.9%) which were operated on account of IMD between April 1996 and June 1999. After cataract surgery the corrected visual acuity improved in 23.3% eyes. The investigation confirmed improvement and stabilization of the final corrected visual acuity in 24 eyes (80%) and confirmed the importance of these surgical procedures.

Aged↗

PubMed2001

[Initial experience with surgical decompression of the vein in branch retinal vein occlusion].

Due to the development of the armamentarium and surgical techniques, the indications of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) are expanding. It concerns also a relatively new indication, as is the branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) of the temporal part of the posterior pole of the retina with the secondary involvement of the macular region. The purpose of this prospective study is to demonstrate anatomical and functional results after the surgical decompression of the occlusion of the branch retinal vein draining the macular region. Since November 1999, 3 patients, one woman and 2 men (age 70, 47 and 76 years) with the quadrant BRVO of the temporal part of the retina involving the macular region were followed. The visual acuity before the surgery in all 3 patients was 6/36 (20/120 or 0.16) and the BRVO lasted for 3-5 months. The patients were examined by slitlamp biomicroscopy, and the course of the disease was documented by means of red-free fundus photographs as well as fluorescein angiograms. In all three patients, PPV and the adventitial sheathotomy of the arteriovenous crossing (AVC) were performed. Surgical decompression of BRVO and reperfusion of the ischemic part of the retina was achieved by separating the overlying arteriole from the venule at AVC. Neither per- nor postoperative complications were noted. In two patients, the visual acuity improved to 6/12 (20/40 or 0.5), and in the last one stabilized at 1/9 (20/180 or 0.11). The minimal follow-up period was 12 months. In conclusion, we recommend to performing this new type of delicate surgery procedure in individual cases on the basis of detailed biomicroscopial examination and fluorecein angiograms by an experienced vitreoretinal surgeon.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

[Glaucoma after surgery for idiopathic macular holes].

UNLABELLED: The objective of the prospective randomized study is to evaluate the effect of surgery of an idiopathic macular hole (IMH) on intraocular pressure (IOP). The study comprised 60 primary pars plana vitrectomies (PPV) on account of IMH using 16% perfluoropropane (C3F8). Stage III according to Gass predominated in 65% and stage IV in 28.3%. Furthermore the authors enlisted in the study 15 secondary PPV on account of a patent IMH. A total of 75 primary and secondary PPV were performed. In 43 PPV an autologous thrombocyte concentrate (ATC) was used. With regard to the IOP after PPV the patients were subdivided into the following groups. Group A: IOP under 24 mm Hg was recorded throughout the investigation period in 24 of 75 PPV (32%). The total mean value of IOP in group A was 17.4 mm Hg. Group B: Early increase of IOP during the first week after surgery was recorded in 51 of 75 PPV (68.0%) This group was divided into two sub-groups according to the maximum postoperative deviation of IOP during that period. Sub-group B1 comprised a total of 34 PPV (45.3%) where the maximum postoperative deviation of IOP was between 25-35 mm Hg. The total mean value of IOP in sub-group B1 was 23.5 mm Hg. In sub-group B2 there was a total of 17 PPV (22.7%) and the maximum postoperative deviation of IOP was above 35 mm Hg. The total mean value of IOP in sub-group B2 was 28.6 mm Hg. Moreover the authors investigated the effect of ATC administration on the IOP after primary and secondary PPV. They did not reveal a significant relationship between administration of ATC and postoperative glaucoma. CONCLUSION: 1. Glaucoma after PPV in IMH can in individual cases cause deterioration of the functional results of the operation. PPV in IMH has an increased risk: a) in a monoculus, b) in advanced primary glaucoma with an open angle, c) in primary glaucoma with a narrow angle.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Ultrastructural analysis of tissue removed during surgery of idiopathic macular holes].

AIM: To analyze the ultrastructural features of epimacular tissue removed during idiopathic macular hole (IMH) surgery and to compare them with those of idiopathic epimacular membranes. METHODS: Three consecutive patients with unilateral stage 3 IMH underwent pars plana vitrectomy with surgical removal of delicate gelatinous membranous epimacular tissue. One patient was previously treated with laser photocoagulation. The excised material was investigated by means of light and transmission electron microscopy. Results were compared with the findings of the excised material in two idiopathic epimacular membranes. RESULTS: The excised material included variable proportions of cellular and membranous material. Glial cells (Müller cells, fibrous astrocytes) and fibroblast-like cells dominated in the cellular component both in the specimens from IHM eyes and in the comparative material. Neural elements were revealed in two of three specimens from IMH eyes. Membraneous material was formed by fragments of internal limiting membrane. CONCLUSIONS: Dominance of the glial cells in the cellular component of epimacular formations may reflect the important role of these cells both in formation and in healing process of IMH. The presence of neural elements in the removed epimacular tissue suggests that, at least in some cases, IMH surgery with peeling of an epimacular membrane can be associated with some injury of the macula.

Aged↗

PubMed1999

[Vitrectomy and autologous thrombocyte concentrate in the treatment of idiopathic macular holes].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of surgery of idiopathic macular holes (IMH) using or not using autologous thrombocyte concentrates (ATC). METHOD: Fifty eyes with IMH, stage 2-4, were divided into two groups. Group 1 comprised 27 eyes with an average persistence of complaints of 12 months where pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and tamponade with 16% C3F8 were combined with the use of ATC. Group 2 comprised 23 eyes with a mean duration of complaints of 14 months which were treated by PPV and 16% C3F8 without ATC. In all IMH stage 2 and 3 the posterior vitreous membrane was detached from the retina. The epimacular membrane was removed, if present. The mean follow-up period in group 1 was 17.2 months and in group 2 12.3 months. RESULTS: In group 1 anatomical success was achieved in 21 eyes (78%), visual acuity improved by two lines and more in 16 eyes (59%). In group 2 anatomical success was recorded in 15 eyes (69%) (p = 0.326) and visual acuity improved in 10 eyes (44%) (p = 0.265). Nine eyes were reoperated with ATC. Reoperations improved the anatomical success in the whole series to 90% and the functional success to 62%. The visual acuity improved in 70% operated eyes within 12 months from the onset of complaints and in 47% eyes with a longer case-history (p = 0.1182). Complications included retinal tears in 5 eyes (10%), detachment of the retina in one eye (2%), minor facete-like defects in the pigmented epithelium in 22 eyes (44%), disciform maculopathy in 5 eyes (10%) and atrophy of the optic disc in 3 eyes (6%). CONCLUSIONS: PPV is beneficial in IMH in the majority of patients. ATC can improve anatomical and functional results. Functional success is more likely after surgery in the early stage of the disease. The results of surgery are jeopardized by various complications. It is important to inform patients on the limitations and risk of surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Prescription of special optical aids for visual defects. I].

In 1993-1995 the authors prescribed in the Institute for the Treatment of Ophthalmological Defects and at the Second Ophthalmological Clinic in Prague special optic aids for 795 patients. The patients were divided by age into three groups. In the group under 18 years the main cause of the defect was atrophy of optic nerve, in the group between 18 and 60 years tapetoretinal degeneration and in the group over 60 year senile macular degeneration. Most frequently a magnifying glass was prescribed (36.16%), a prismatic monocular in 31.30%, a hyperocular in 27.46% and telescopic spectacles in 5.08%.

Adolescent↗