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Biomedical subjects

D Dormont

Publications and source records attributed to D Dormont.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

HIV-2 in rhesus monkeys: serological, virological and clinical results.

Diseases induced by animal retroviruses are not considered to be good models for the human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at present. The lack of an animal model for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presents a main problem in the complete understanding of the pathogenesis of HIV-mediated diseases. Because of the homologies between simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and HIV-2, we inoculated rhesus monkeys with HIV-2 and HIV-2 adapted in vitro to monkey cells. One of the ten animals inoculated developed clinical symptoms that might be related to the infection with HIV-2.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Pseudotumoral spinal cord dilatation during multiple sclerosis. 2 cases with magnetic resonance imaging].

We report 2 patients presenting with signs and symptoms of a medullary lesion. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using surface coils showed a volume increase of the spinal cord. Multiple sclerosis (MS) was suspected on the clinical evolution, the cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal pattern in one case and the return of the cervical cord to an almost normal calibre on successive MRI. This diagnosis was further supported by the results of encephalic MRI. Such a pseudotumoral aspect of the spinal cord in MS has rarely been reported, and probably has been underestimated. MS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of localised enlargement of the spinal cord.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus during human growth hormone production.

Since human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been found in the brains of AIDS patients, the possibility was investigated that preparations of human growth hormone (hGH) extracted from human pituitary glands harbor infectious HIV. It was found that the procedure used for extracting hGH, i.e. a combination of acid pH and 10% ethanol, totally inactivates HIV infectivity.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1988

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of antiretroviral effects of HPA23.

HPA23 is an antimonio-tungstate that exhibits numerous antiviral activities both in vivo and in vitro. It has been described as a competitive inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT). Patients treated with daily injections of HPA23 show an inhibition of HIV RT activity in cell culture in 60% of the cases. Using biophysical (electronic spin resonance [ESR]), ultrastructural (microspectroscopic analysis), chemical (spectroscopy), and biological (cell culture) assays, HPA23 cellular and molecular mechanisms may be summarized as follows: 1) competitive inhibition of HIV-RT, 2) no or slight effect on cells infected with HIV in culture, 3) interactions with the cell membranes when long incubations are performed, and 4) antiviral activity possibly mediated by immune modulator effect of the drug.

Antimony↗
PubMed1988

The origin of the Sternberg cell.

The Sternberg cell, the malignant cell of Hodgkin's disease, remains of uncertain nature 80 years after it was first described. Numerous hypotheses have been advanced as to its origin: that it derives from the macrophages, B lymphocyte, T lymphocyte, interdigitating reticulum cell or even from an as yet unidentified cell-line. We here review these various hypotheses, as well as the different techniques used for its study. The morphologic, ultrastructural, histochemical and immunologic studies are discussed in detail.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1988

[Influence of gamma irradiation on the chemiluminescence of alveolar macrophages in guinea pigs at rest or activated].

The capacity of Guinea Pig alveolar macrophages to produce oxygenated free radicals after in vitro gamma irradiation was studied. We observed an increase of resting cell chemiluminescence with 3 Gy, then an important decrease from 3 Gy to 30 Gy. Chemiluminescence of zymosan activated macrophages was reduced at 10 Gy and 30 Gy, while activation by IgG anti-MHC antigens was not affected by the same radiation doses. These results could be of great interest for the study pulmonary defense mechanisms after irradiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

MR imaging of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations at 0.5 T: study of 34 cases.

Thirty-four patients with angiographically proved arteriovenous malformations of the spinal cord were studied between May 1986 and July 1987. Examinations were performed on a CGR 5000 Magniscan 0.5-T scanner with a surface coil in all cases, and multislices in both T1- and T2-weighted sequences were obtained in sagittal and axial planes. The results showed that MR can accurately diagnose all cases of intramedullary arteriovenous malformations, since transverse images were able to precisely locate the nidus within the spinal cord. Other types of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations were also studied (perimedullary fistulae and dural arteriovenous fistula), and the findings confirmed the value of MR in the characterization of these lesions as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Isolation of HIV in a seronegative demented patient without symptoms of immune deficiency.

A 60-year-old male patient, originating from West Africa, developed acute and regressive neurologic symptoms associated with aphasia, apraxia, acalculia, behavioral impairments, and an epileptic phase. Eighteen months after the onset of the disease, the patient was almost normal. All along the clinical course, biological abnormality patterns were minor. We noted only a mild neutropenia in the blood. We also observed a weak lymphocytosis and elevated protein content in the cerebrospinal fluid. Electroencephalogram examination revealed slow waves which disappeared after remission. A weak ventricular dilatation was detected on CT scan. Neither vascular, nor tumoral, nor a classical infectious origin could be identified. While the patient was seronegative to HIV, a HIV-like virus was isolated twice from his peripheral blood lymphocytes during the disease. Eighteen months later, the patient remained seronegative. He developed neither AIDS nor immunodeficiency. The subtype of HIV has been isolated and characterized, and its neurotropism is being investigated.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Progressive muscular atrophy localized in the hand. Monomelic form of motor neuron disease?].

Ten new cases of distal amyotrophy localized in an upper limb are reported. In all cases, patients were young males. The onset of the neurological impairment was always progressive during one to three years. The disease remained stable with a follow-up study of at least three years. Electrophysiological and neuroradiologic results were in keeping with an involvement of the anterior horn cell, in agreement with similar studies found in the literature. The relatively benign evolution of this syndrome, in regard to the usual prognosis of the other forms of motor neuron disease, especially amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, has to be outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Interactions between HIV virus and the nervous system: recent pathogenic data and hypotheses].

Disorders of the nervous system frequently complicate Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). They may be related to the development of opportunistic agents (toxoplasmosis, cryptococcossis, cytomegalovirus, JC Virus), or primary CNS lymphoma. There is also a constellation of neurologic disorders which may result from direct Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) replication in the CNS and HIV has been found in brain and CSF of numerous patients suffering from AIDS. The precise cellular localization of HIV is not known, but the macrophage seems to be a strong candidate for HIV replication in CNS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗