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Biomedical subjects

D Chin

Publications and source records attributed to D Chin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Biological grading of breast cancer using antibodies to proliferating cells and other markers.

Quantitation of immunohistochemical staining by image analysis was performed on 50 breast cancers stained with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 to determine the growth fraction and its correlation with tumor grade. A high degree of correlation was shown. For each case the DNA ploidy was determined by quantitation of the DNA Feulgen stain by computerized microdensitometry. DNA content of breast tumor cells correlated to the histopathologic grade at which poorly differentiated tumors are more likely to be aneuploid. Quantitation of immunohistochemistry for estrogen and progesterone receptors had a high degree of correlation with the steroid binding assay, such as dextran-coated charcoal assay (DCCA), and were weakly correlated to histologic grade. In summary, our results indicated that quantitation of Ki-67-positive nuclear area and of DNA content by image analysis provides an objective method for assessing tumor cell growth fraction and DNA ploidy. Quantitation of steroid receptors by immunohistochemistry is a better and easier technique than those currently used to determine the best therapy for postmenopausal women. These methods can be performed on small frozen sections or needle aspirates in quantities that are insufficient for current steroid binding assays. Thus, this method is prognosticly useful even for patients with small breast lesions.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Herpes zoster and its neurological complications.

Ninety-three Chinese patients with cutaneous herpes zoster were seen during a 4-year period. Thoracic zoster occurred most commonly, followed by ophthalmic, cervical and lumbosacral zoster. Neurological complications were present in eleven patients (11.8%), the commonest being Ramsay-Hunt syndrome and segmental limb paresis. The clinical picture, pathogenesis, treatment and outcome of segmental limb paresis, myelitis and delayed contralateral hemiparesis following zoster ophthalmicus are discussed. Nine immunocompromised patients received intravenous adenine arabinoside (vidarabine) or acycloguanosine (acyclovir), and no cutaneous or visceral spread occurred in these patients.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1986

The use of lisuride in severe Parkinson's disease.

Four patients with severe Parkinson's disease were given a trial of lisuride. Two patients responded well, but the other 2 developed psychiatric complications which seemed to be a major limiting factor in the use of the drug. Otherwise, lisuride could be useful in difficult Parkinsonian patients who have a diminished response to levodopa.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The relation of faculty academic activity to financing sources in a department of medicine.

Academic medical departments confront important changes in funding sources and consequent pressure to change faculty activities. Valid information has often been lacking concerning the existing relations of faculty activity to funding sources. We examined those relations in the Stanford Department of Medicine through a combination of randomized observations of faculty and faculty self-reports over a period of one year. For an average 62-hour workweek, there was approximate consonance between types of activities and sources of salary support. Sensitivity analyses indicated that even sizable errors in self-reports would not have changed the outcomes substantially. Over 60 per cent of the activity involved "joint products," representing two or more categories of activity. There was wide variation in activities and fund sources between divisions. Per full-time faculty equivalent, research generated far more income than the most lucrative specialty practice; thus, at least in this type of department, attempts to compensate for lost research revenue by intensifying clinical practice will probably fail and undermine present research activities. The method of analysis used here may be useful in improving prospective planning by departments and by larger medical-policy bodies, particularly in the public sector.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1985

Familial myasthenia gravis: a study of three families.

Six patients suffering from familial myasthenia gravis belonging to three different families are described. Three brothers are classified as having familial limb-girdle myasthenia and the other three patients, belonging to two other families, are classified as having familial congenital myasthenia. The clinical features, HLA antigen typing, autoantibody screening and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies were analysed. The variability of this condition from family to family is exemplified in this series and confirms the heterogeneous nature of familial myasthenia gravis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

What determines the degradation rate of an injected protein?

The fusion of cultured mammalian cells to red blood cells loaded with specific proteins provides a powerful system for the study of intracellular proteolysis. During the past four years the degradation rates of more than 30 proteins have been examined after their injection into HeLa cells. Results from these studies support the legitimacy of the microinjection approach. They also provide insight into the mechanism of intracellular proteolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Determination of dextromethorphan in biological fluids by liquid chromatography by using semi-microbore columns.

A sensitive, specific procedure for the determination of dextromethorphan in plasma and urine in dogs is described. The use of a semi-microbore column, 2.1 mm i.d. X 25 cm resulted in a detection limit of 1 ng/mL in plasma and 25 ng/mL in urine. Plasma (3 mL) is extracted in CCl4 and the drug is back-extracted with 3% acetic acid. The chromatographic separation is carried out using a 5-micron particle size octadecyl-bonded column, and the drug is monitored by a fluorescence detector. The results after 10-mg oral administrations of dextromethorphan to dogs are provided.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1984

Purification of human leukocyte interferon alpha by carboxymethyl controlled pore glass bead chromatography.

Human leukocyte-derived alpha interferon [HuIFN-alpha(Le)] has been purified and/or concentrated on Carboxymethyl derivatized Controlled Pore Glass (CML-CPG240) beads. These glass beads adsorb HuIFN-alpha(Le) efficiently at acid pH and at physiological ionic strengths. Elution of HuIFN-alpha(Le) may be accomplished by several methods. Using buffers at relatively high ionic strengths (approximately 0.6 M) and pH values ranging from 2.6 to 6.9 for elution, preparations with specific activities of 10(5)-10(6) IU/mg were obtained with approximately 90 percent recoveries. Alternatively, using elution buffers at the same high ionic strength and at pH values ranging from 7.0 to 8.0, five-fold or better concentration and complete recovery of crude HuIFN-alpha(Le) were achieved. The resulting preparations were suitable for direct application to an antibody affinity chromatography column.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1983

Acute cerebellar hemorrhage with brainstem compression in contrast with benign cerebellar hemorrhage.

Twenty six cases of cerebellar hemorrhages were reviewed and analyzed. Two patients were comatose on admission and showed clinical evidence of brainstem compression; they were successfully revived after evacuation of the hematomas. This was in contrast with six other comatose patients who did not have evacuation and subsequently died within 48 hours. The other eight cases of so-called benign cerebellar hemorrhage ran a more benign course and recovered without any operative procedures. It is suggested that prompt diagnosis with computed tomography, even in comatose patients, and immediate removal of the hematoma in this group, might result in a better prognosis with this highly lethal condition.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Angiographically occult cerebral vascular malformations with abnormal computed tomography.

Two cases of histologically proven cerebrovascular malformation were detected by computed tomography (CT) scanning but not by cerebral angiography. One of the patients had a cavernous angioma and the other an arteriovenous malformation. Caution is advised in assuming that angiographically avascular lesions demonstrable by CT scanning are not vascular malformations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Femoral pain of solitary neurofibromatous origin: a report of three cases.

Three patients, each with a solitary neurofibroma in the thigh, are described. The presenting complaint in each case was pain. A neurofibroma of a branch of the femoral nerve was found in two cases and an intraosseous neurofibroma of the femoral shaft was present in the third. An excellent recovery was observed in each of these three patients following surgical excision of the tumour. Attention is drawn to the unduly long interval between the onset of painful symptoms and the achievement of a clinical diagnosis leading to a surgical cure in each instance.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Oculopharyngeal dystrophy: clinicopathological study of an Australian family.

A family is presented in which 12 members over 3 generations have been affected by oculopharyngeal dystrophy. The clinical features of 7 affected members are described. All developed ptosis in middle age and dysphagia later in the clinical course. Four had mild bilateral facial weakness and mild proximal weakness. Extra-ocular movements were normal in all. A deltoid muscle biopsy from a 71-year-old affected male showed nonspecific myopathic features (random variation in muscle fibre size and atrophy of type 2A and 2B fibres). The skeletal muscles and striated musculature of the pharynx and upper oesophagus of a 75-year-old affected female examined at postmortem showed histological myopathic changes (loss of muscle fibres, variation in size of fibres with scattered small angular and rounded 'giant' muscle fibres, proliferation and central migration of sarcolemmal nuclei, increase in fat and fibrous tissue and occasional fibres undergoing segmental degeneration). This appearance was consistent with a muscular dystrophy of chronic type. Detailed neuropathological examination of the brain stem nuclei was normal. The spinal cord showed an unusual hydromyelia affecting C7 to T4 segments.

Aged↗