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Biomedical subjects

D Chauvaud

Publications and source records attributed to D Chauvaud.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Opacification of the crystalline lens after trabeculectomy. Study of 95 cases].

In a study of lens opacification following trabeculectomy in 95 cases observed for 6 months to 2 1/2 years. 28 per cent were found to have lens opacities within an average of one year. Post-opérative complications do not determine the development of cataracts, but they are a predisposing factor chiefly acting on the delay in opacification. It seems that the contribution of trabeculectomy in reducing the frequency of flat anterior chambers and prolonged hypotony when compared with the classical fistulising operations, can only delay the appearance of post-operative cataracts without diminishing the frequency. This frequency reaches 50 per cent after the age of 70 in the same titre as the classical fistulising procedures.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Iridocycloretraction in the surgical treatment of aphakic glaucome. Study on 11 cases].

A study of 11 cases of iridocycloretraction carried out in aphakic glaucoma. The surgical technique is described is described together with the results and complications. The only technical difficulty is the invagination of the scleral tongues. The principle complication is hyphaema which does not alter the definitive tonometric result which was good in 5 cases. The effect on pressure seemed to be related to the maintenance of the scleral implants in the angle. Aqueous outflow occurred through the cyclodialysis.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene episcleral implants used as encircling scleral buckling. an experimental and histopathological study.

To investigate tissue changes induced by the implantation of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) used as encircling scleral buckling, an experimental and histopathological study was performed in rabbits. The eyes of 12 rabbits were implanted during 20-128 days with e-PTFE episcleral implants. Of these, 8 eyes were uncomplicated and enabled us to perform the histopathological study, 2 others were discarded for too short a time of implantation and, in 2 additional eyes, the episcleral implant was exposed with a wide conjunctival erosion. Surrounding the implant, a constant encapsulation was combined with numerous giant cells, forming a granuloma caused by irregularities of the implant outline. Its porous structure allowed a peripheral colonization by fibrovascular tissue. Scleral thinning and scleral invagination were the main scleral changes. No change of the conjunctiva made us suspect that a granuloma occurred before it was found histologically. The granulomatous changes did not seem to modify the apparently good experimental tolerance of the material after its implantation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinal detachment after cataract surgery: retrospective study of 57 cases.

The Authors studied the characteristics and the surgical results of 57 pseudophakic patients operated on between January 1989 and June 1991 for primary retinal detachment at the Department of Ophthalmology of the "Hotel Dieu de Paris Hospital", with a postoperative follow-up of at least six months. The series included 23 eyes with posterior chamber IOL, 33 eyes with anterior chamber IOL. The ECCE with PC IOL group and the ICCE with AC IOL group had the same anatomical and visual prognosis.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of delayed massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage: a clinical retrospective study.

Suprachoroidal hemorrhages, both expulsive and delayed non-expulsive, are among the most devastating complications of intraocular surgery. We reviewed the charts of 13 patients with a delayed non-expulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage (DNSCH) after cataract extraction (3 patients), glaucoma filtering surgery (6 patients), penetrating keratoplasty (3 patients), or vitrectomy (1 patient). All had large hemorrhagic choroidal detachments with nine eyes presenting kissing choroidal detachment, five eyes with associated retinal detachment, and one eye with intravitreous hemorrhage. All patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids before surgery. Eleven eyes underwent anterior drainage sclerotomy, followed by SF6 gas injection in eight eyes, and pars plana vitrectomy with silicon oil tamponade in three eyes. Mean follow-up was 22 months. These procedures gave good anatomical results in eleven cases and good visual results in nine. The results suggest that not all DNSCH need to be drained surgically but that, when surgical drainage is indicated, the use of gas to maintain internal tamponade appears to be beneficial.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ocular microangiopathy in humans].

Because of the relations between retinal endothelial cells and the nervous tissue, microangiopathy is considered to be the result of combined impairments of the choriocapillaris, the pigmented epithelium, the nervous layers, the pericytes and the vitreoretinal interface. The known effects of hyperglycaemia are: the accumulation of sorbitol, the reduction of myoinositol, the lower activity of ATPase NA/K, the accumulation of AGE. The functional and structural changes are: impaired autoregulation of the blood flow, breakdown of the blood retinal barrier, thickening of the basement membrane, loss of pericytes and proliferation of endothelial and glial cells. Capillary closure is the first step in proliferating retinopathy via VEGF secreted from all the retinal cells. Normalization of the glycaemia is the only medical treatment which has been proved to be effective in the initial stages of the retinopathy. In the advanced stages, laser photocoagulation and vitreo-retinal surgery have been shown to be effective. The aldose-reductase and glycosylation inhibitors are still under investigation.

Diabetic Angiopathies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Combined phacoemulsificaion/membrane resection and macular edema].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the occurrence of macular edema (ME) after epiretinal membrane resection, managed either with simple vitrectomy or with combined vitrectomy and phacoemulsification. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two groups of 12 patients had a vitrectomy for epiretinal membrane associated or not to a phacoemulsification. A fundus fluorescein angiography was performed pre and postoperatively and at least 3 months after the surgery. RESULTS: In the group of patients who had a simple vitrectomy, a ME was observed in 50% of the cases preoperatively and in 25% of the cases at the end of follow-up. In 3 cases, preoperative ME was worsened after the surgery. In the group of patients who were treated by a combined vitrectomy and phacoemulsification, a ME was observed in 25% of the cases preoperatively and in 50% of the cases at the end of follow-up. A de novo ME was observed in 3 cases. CONCLUSION: Combined vitrectomy and cataract surgery could allow a rapid recovery of visual acuity but might increase the occurrence of ME.

Aged↗