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Biomedical subjects

D Chabasse

Publications and source records attributed to D Chabasse.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Taxonomic study of keratinophilic fungi isolated from soil and some mammals in France.

In France, most of the researches have showed the distribution of dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi in the soil and in the coat of wild mammals. During these last years, we have also practiced numerous investigations about the distribution of such fungi. The isolated species are: Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton terrestre, Trichophyton ajelloï, Trichophyton simii, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum cookei, Microsporum nanum, Microsporum persicolor, Anixiopsis stercoraria, Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Chrysosporium tropicum, Chrysosporium state of Arthroderma curreyi, Chrysosporium state of Arthroderma cuniculi, Chrysosporium state of Arthroderma tuberculatum, Chrysosporium state of Arthroderma multifidum, Ctenomycès serratus, Chrysosporium parvum, Chrysosporium indicum, Chrysosporium georgii, Chrysosporium merdarium, Chrysosporium asperatum, Chrysosporium pannorum. A key to these species is proposed: it attempts to provide an aid in identifying geophilic dermatophytes and related fungi (belonging to the Chrysosporium genus).

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Ultrastructural localization of 'anixiopsin': a lectin of the fungus Anixiopsis stercoraria (Hansen) Hansen.

In order to localize the 'anixiopsin', a lectin of the keratinolytic fungus Anixiopsis stercoraria, the authors used a monospecific antiserum prepared by immunization of rabbits with their own erythrocytes coated in vitro with 'anixiopsin'. In light and scanning electron microscopies, lectinic sites were visualized by means of latex microspheres sensitized with anti-rabbit IgG antibodies. In transmission electron microscopy using the IgG fraction of the rabbit anti-anixiopsin immune sera and protein A-gold, 'anixiopsin' seemed mainly present on the outermost cell wall layer of the ascospores, in a pseudomembraneous structure dense to electrons. Implications of these results on physical and biological properties of the lectin are discussed.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1988

Binding of fibrinogen to the pathogenic Aspergillus species.

The binding of human fibrinogen to the pathogenic aspergilli was investigated in vitro by different procedures using either fibrinogen in solution or fixed, insolubilized fibrinogen. Binding of fibrinogen was detected at the surface of hyphae and conidia by an immunofluorescence assay. Ultrastructural localization of the binding sites was visualized with fibrinogen-sensitized gold particles. The labelling was restricted to the outer cell wall layer of the 'smooth' walled conidia. Quantitative analysis of the binding carried out with 125I-labelled human fibrinogen on 33 species belonging to different groups (opportunistic fungi, strictly saprophytic or phytopathogenic fungi and dermatophytes or related species) clearly demonstrated that among all the fungi tested, only the pathogenic aspergilli significantly bound fibrinogen. The average amount of fibrinogen bound to individual conidia was also quantified. Binding was greater to Aspergillus niger (5-fold), Aspergillus fumigatus (2.5-fold) and Aspergillus flavus conidia (2.3-fold) than to Aspergillus terreus conidia. The results suggest that fibrinogen binding could contribute to the pathogenesis of aspergillosis.

Aspergillus↗
PubMed1988

[Human gnathostomiasis manifested by cutaneous larva migrans syndrome. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of cutaneous Larva migrans attributed to a gnathostomiasis in a Laotian man living in France since 3 years. The diagnosis was suggested on the basis of epidemiological and clinical context (he often ate raw fresh fish in Thailand) and blood eosinophilia. It was confirmed by ELISA method which showed a very high antibody titer to Gnathostoma spinigerum. The patient was treated with cortisone and diethylcarbamazine and he has remained asymptomatic since.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Keratinophilic fungal flora isolated from small wild mammals and rabbit-warren in France. Discussion on the fungal species found].

The occurrence of dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi was investigated in 237 small wild mammals and 125 european rabbit. The purpose of the investigation was to determine what were the species of fungi present in the these animals. Four species of dermatophytes were isolated: Trichophyton ajelloi, Trichophyton terrestre, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum persicolor. Trichophyton terrestre was the most frequently isolated and it occurred more frequently than its presence could be explained by the contamination from soil. Members of the genus Chrysosporium were found in many animals: Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Chrysosporium tropicum, Chrysosporium multifidum, Chrysosporium pannorum, Chrysosporium georgii, Chrysosporium merdarium, Chrysosporium anamorph of Arthroderma curreyi, Chrysosporium anamorph of Arthroderma cuniculi, Anixiopsis stercoraria, Chrysosporium parvum. Wild small mammals and european rabbits in France, not only act as carrier of keratinophilic fungi and allied dermatophytes but also provide a suitable habitat for their survival as saprophytes. The recurrence of numerous species present on the coat, isolated fort the first time in France was remarkable.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Sanitary study of surface water and of the beach of a water sports and leisure complex.

This report presents the parasitological, bacteriological, mycological and physicochemical data obtained from both surface water and beach sand of a lake used for water sports. These show that the lake is contaminated in both winter and spring by water which overflows from the River Maine, and is self-purified by a mechanism of 'lagunage'. In summer signs of pollution are at their lowest level although use of the complex is at its peak. Conversely, the amoebic flora, which is independent of the usual criteria of pollution, predominates in summer, and serves as a marker for the need for increased surveillance. The sand of the beaches does not appear to show any infectious hazard. Environmental pressure will doubtless change these data over a period of time, and it is planned to monitor this.

Amoeba↗
PubMed1985

[Demonstrated significance of fungal flora in sand-boxes].

In order to evaluate the risk of fungal contamination in sand-boxes of the city of Angers' game areas, the authors took 100 samples of sand from different environments: parks, gardens, buildings, nursery schools. They report the presence of a varied and important mycoflora and that the frequency and the distribution are more sensitive to the techniques used to isolate the fungus, as well as to the quality of the sand and to the eco-mesological factors in the four studied areas. The examination of earth samples has allowed the findings of a great number of keratinophilie species. The strains living in the sand do not represent a real danger of infection for the children.

Child↗
PubMed1985

[Drug resistance in malaria, what to do? Apropos of 3 cases].

The authors report three clinical observations of drug resistance; two of them have their origin in French Guiana and the third one in East Africa. They note that these cases are linked to bad advice of prevention concerning the risk of malaria, diagnosis carried out sometimes late for these zones of resistance; they recommend: to inform and teach the patient how to use a self-treatment in case of bout of malaria, to give better advice to the Physicians concerning the reality of malaria in 1985 instead of using a complex diagram of chemoprophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Developmental bilharziasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni discovered 37 years after infestation].

The authors report a case of Mansoni Schistosomiasis whose course in always running thirty-seven years after the first and alone infestation in a fifty-six old man who come back from Madagascar in February 1948 and lives in France since this period eggs of schistosomiasis were living in a biopsy of rectal and sigmoid mucosea. Problem of adult worms longevity and clinical importance of such prolonged inapparent schistosomiasis are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Cutaneous alternariosis revealing Cushing's disease. A case with ultrastructural study].

This case concerned a 67 old farmer who presented a vegetating and crusted tumor of the right knee. Histological examination revealed intracellular round structures PAS + within an inflammatory dermal granuloma, including epithelioid and giant cells. Alternaria could be isolated on cultures from biopsies of the tumor. Ultrastructural study specifies the morphological aspects of Alternaria within dermal granuloma; furthermore, large numerous myelinic bodies were present within the parasitic cells. The clinical aspect of the patient led to hormonal explorations and a Cushing's disease yet unrecognized was ascertained, that probably represented the "special terrain" which made the growth of Alternaria possible. The survey of the available literature revealed two cases of alternariosis and Cushing's syndrome, but in these two cases the diagnosis of the endocrinopathy was already established when the cutaneous infection developed. The lesion cleared within a month after electrocoagulation, local iodine compound and griseofulvine per os, with nonrelapse 12 months after.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence for the lectin nature of some dermatophyte haemagglutinins.

Several isolates of dermatophytes covering 13 different species were studied for their haemagglutination activity with erythrocytes of different origins (human, bovine, sheep, mouse and rabbit). The best results were obtained with rabbit erythrocytes. The specific haemagglutination activity of the fungal soluble extracts seemed to be closely related to the ecology of the fungi. Among the different carbohydrate (ose, polyol, osamine) and glycoprotein solutions used in the inhibition experiments, only N-acetyl-neuraminic acid and a sialoglycoprotein, the bovine submaxillary mucin (mucin type 1), showed an inhibiting activity, demonstrating the lectin nature of the haemagglutinins and the importance of sialic acids in the recognition process. Reduction of haemagglutination activity by pretreatment of rabbit erythrocytes with trypsin or neuraminidase solutions further supports this view.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of lectin from Chrysosporium keratinophilum (Frey) carmichael and Anixiopsis stercoraria (Hansen) Hansen by inhibition of haemagglutination.

Several strains of Chrysosporium keratinophilum and Anixiopsis stercoraria agglutinate the red blood cells of different origins (man, sheep, rabbit, mouse). The best agglutination was obtained with rabbit erythrocytes. The inhibition experiments by carbohydrate solutions (oses, osamines and glycoproteins) were performed with 3 haemagglutination units of these fungi and revealed the lectin nature of this haemagglutinin, as evidenced by the specific inhibiting activity of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid. Preliminary studies seemed to indicate that this lectin is a thermostable protein, and that the haemagglutination activity is calcium-dependent.

Chrysosporium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Candida ciferrii: clinical and microbiological features of an emerging pathogen.

The authors report six cases of toenail onyxis due to an unusual yeast species, Candida ciferrii. For half of these cases, direct microscopical examination showed the presence of blastospores and pseudo-to-true mycelium, demonstrating the parasitic transition of the fungus. In light of the literature and of their own experience, the authors suggest that C. ciferrii could be an etiological agent of onychomycosis, particularly for elderly patients with extensive trophic disorders.

Aged↗