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Biomedical subjects

D Cavanagh

Publications and source records attributed to D Cavanagh.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Urinary tract fistulas following ligation of the internal iliac artery during radical hysterectomy.

One hundred patients underwent radical hysterectomy at the University of South Florida over a 4 1/2-year period. In all patients the anterior division of the internal iliac artery was ligated on the left, and the uterine artery was ligated at its origin from the internal iliac artery on the right. One patient developed a left ureterovaginal fistula for a urinary tract fistula rate of 1%. Preservation of the distal branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery may help prevent urinary tract fistulas following radical hysterectomy. This study would suggest, however, that this of minimal importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Viral and bacterial vectors of immunogenes.

A recent development in the production of experimental vaccines has been the use of the smallpox vaccine virus (vaccinia virus) as a carrier (vector) of the genes (immunogenes) which code for the protection-inducing proteins (immunogens) of unrelated viruses. The potential of these vector vaccines lies in the hope that such a vaccine would be cheaper, safer and/or more effective than existing vaccines to some pathogens. Vaccinia virus as a vector has attracted most attention to date because: several immunogenes can be inserted into its genome without destroying its infectivity; the immunogens appear to be produced normally; vaccinia virus has been used highly successfully to eradicate smallpox; and it has a wide host-range and thus might find veterinary as well as human medical application. Experimental vaccines, successfully tested in animals, have been prepared using immunogenes from influenza virus, hepatitis B virus and herpes simplex virus. Apathogenic enteric bacteria have some potential as vectors, most probably against enteric pathogens, although the potential of viral vectors is likely to be realized first. Parasitic worms and protozoa devastate millions of people. When the immunogens of these organisms have been identified there will be added impetus to investigate the potential of vector vaccines against these pathogens.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Cloning and sequencing of the gene encoding the spike protein of the coronavirus IBV.

RNA sequences encoding the surface projection (spike) of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus, strain Beaudette, have been cloned into pBR322 using cDNA primed with a specific oligonucleotide. A 5.3 kilobase viral insert in the clone pMB179 has been identified. The region of this clone coding for the spike gene has been sequenced by the chain termination method, and we present here the first report of DNA sequence data for a coronavirus spike protein, the protein which forms the characteristic 'corona' after which the group is named. The amino acid sequence of the primary translation product, deduced from the DNA sequence, predicts a polypeptide of 1162 amino acids with a molecular weight of 127 006. This has many interesting features which confirm and extend our knowledge of this recently characterized membrane glycoprotein. The polypeptide is subsequently cleaved to S1 and S2, and partial amino acid analysis of the amino-terminus of the S1 polypeptide has been employed to locate the position of this terminus of S1 within the large open reading frame. The amino acid analysis also reveals the presence of an 18 amino acid putative signal sequence on the primary translation product which is not present on the mature S1 polypeptide.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Droperidol as an antiemetic in cis-platinum-induced nausea and vomiting.

23 patients received cis-platinum, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide for gynecologic malignancy between December 1, 1980 and December 1, 1982. Each patient was randomized with each course of chemotherapy to receive intravenous droperidol or the combination of promethazine and chlorpromazine rectal suppositories as an antiemetic regimen. Both the rate and duration of emesis were significantly lower when droperidol was used as the antiemetic regimen. There were no major side effects with either regimen. Droperidol seems to be superior to the combination of promethazine and chlorpromazine rectal suppositories in alleviating cis-platinum-induced nausea and vomiting.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Prostaglandin D2 in canine endotoxic shock. Hemodynamic, hematologic, biochemical, and blood gas analyses.

This canine study was designed to evaluate the effects of the intravenous infusion of coliform endotoxin with a simultaneous infusion of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on hemodynamics, blood gas, blood chemistry, and some hematologic parameters. The information derived from the present study supports the view that the intravenous administration of PGD2 moderates the effects of endotoxin, with its main beneficial effect being on the renal vascular bed. Treatment with PGD2 did not change the endotoxin-induced hemoconcentration, or the reduction in the platelet and white blood cell counts. However, four of nine animals survived more than 7 days when treated with PGD2, whereas without it only one of nine animals survived the administration of the same dose of endotoxin. Although the mechanism of action is not clear, the correlation between PGD2 infusion and improved renal blood flow warrants further study in endotoxic shock.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The effect of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) on circulating eosinophils.

Infusion of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) into dogs for 60 minutes at a rate of 1 microgram/kg/min produced a marked and rapid reduction in circulating eosinophils within 2 minutes, without any significant change in neutrophil count. Recovery was also rapid, with levels similar to those of a control group of dogs being reached 60 minutes after finishing the infusion. In dogs given PGD2 the hematocrit rose more rapidly than in the control group. The platelet count did not alter significantly.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1984

Septic shock in obstetrics.

Septic shock in obstetric patients can be prevented by recognition of patients at risk and aggressive intervention in the warm-hypotensive phase. These patients must be monitored closely. Rarely will an obstetrical floor be capable of providing adequate monitoring of these patients; therefore, the patient should be transferred to an intensive care unit. Individualize therapy, but do not procrastinate in the surgical removal of the nidus of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibodies to the S1 spike and membrane proteins of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus strain Massachusetts M41.

We have established four murine hybridoma cell lines which secrete specific antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strain Massachusetts M41. Two monoclonal antibodies reacted with the spike protein and two reacted with the membrane protein. The specificity of the monoclonal antibodies for the external structural proteins was detected by immunoprecipitations using radiolabelled virus. The reactions of the monoclonal antibodies showed that one (S1) of the two glycopolypeptides associated with the spike protein has a strain-specific region involved in neutralization and haemagglutination, and the membrane protein has antigenic determinants which are present on the three strains of IBV tested (M41, Beaudette and D41).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

An evaluation of the tendency of Avitene to produce periureteral fibrosis in the dog.

This study was designed to evaluate whether a microfibrillary collagen hemostatic agent (Avitene) would cause retroperitoneal fibrosis and ureteric obstruction when applied along the side of the ureter and left in situ for a period of 6 months. The contralateral side served as a control. Serial intravenous urograms were obtained and histopathologic studies were conducted to evaluate these effects. No evidence of significant retroperitoneal fibrosis or ureteric obstruction was found either on serial intravenous urograms or on histopathologic examination of the ureter after 6 months.

Animals↗