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Biomedical subjects

D Castaño

Publications and source records attributed to D Castaño.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Haloperidol does not antagonize the effects of stress on aggressive behaviour in mice.

The possibility that antipsychotic drugs antagonize the behavioural effects of stress on agonistic behaviour has been explored. Male mice of the OF.1 strain were subjected to the following treatments: 1) Immobilization stress (ten or twenty minutes in duration), 2) haloperidol (three doses) and 3) immobilization stress (ten minutes) plus haloperidol. Individually housed experimental animals confronted standard opponents (anosmic animals) in ten-minute encounters in a neutral cage. Encounters were videotaped and behaviour evaluated, assigning times allocated by subjects to eleven broad behavioural categories. The data show that stress markedly decreases attack behaviour, but haloperidol does not protect against the disruptive action of immobilization. On the contrary, stress and haloperidol produced additive effects further decreasing attack and increasing immobility.

Aggression↗
PubMed1985

Prior knowledge and recognition.

The purpose of this series of experiments was to determine if and when word recognition would depend on the number of related concepts represented in permanent memory. Words defining either large or small rhyme or meaning categories were studied and tested under various conditions. The results indicated that rhyme category size influenced recognition whenever rhyme was emphasized during both study and testing phases. Words belonging to larger rhyme sets were not recognized as well as those belonging to smaller rhyme sets. In contrast, meaning-related set size had no effect on recognition. These and other findings indicate that the breadth of prior knowledge can influence recognition but only under limited conditions that reactivate this knowledge at test.

Association↗
PubMed1984

Mental representations for pictures and words: same or different?

Do pictures and their corresponding verbal labels activate common meaning representations? Alternatively, do pictures invariably act like words-in-context generating some but not all of the semantic content activated by their labels? These possibilities were evaluated in a cuing experiment in which the cues consisted of either pictures or their labels and the targets consisted of related words. Modality and cue presence-absence during the study trial were manipulated along with preexperimental measured-meaning set size and cue-target strength. The results indicated that as long as category size and relative strength were equal, pictures and words appeared to activate functionally identical semantic representations. However, this commonality should not be expected across all drawings of the same referent. A second experiment using rhyming words indicated that the phonemic representations activated by naming a picture or reading a word were identical. However, subjects were able to use visual information contained in the labels to facilitate retrieval.

Association Learning↗