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Biomedical subjects

D Carrington

Publications and source records attributed to D Carrington.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Leptospires in the marine toad (Bufo marinus) on Barbados.

Leptospires were isolated from the kidneys of four of 211 toads (Bufo marinus) caught on Barbados. Two of the isolates were identified as Leptospira interrogans serovar bim in the Autumnalis serogroup (the most common cause of leptospiral illness on Barbados), and two as possibly new serovars in the Australis serogroup. Sera from 198 of the toads were examined by the leptospire microscopic agglutination test. Forty-two (21%) were positive at titers of greater than or equal to 1:100, and 54 (27%) at greater than or equal to 1:50. The predominating serogroups were Australis (50%), Autumnalis (23%) and Panama (13%). The agglutination tests on the culture-positive toads showed that serologic studies alone may be of limited value in these animals. Bufo marinus can harbor pathogenic leptospires, and it may be a significant source of the Autumnalis serogroup infections in the Caribbean.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1987

Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein--a marker of fetal aplastic crisis during intrauterine human parvovirus infection.

In 2 cases of hydrops fetalis and intrauterine death associated with human parvovirus B19 infection that produced very few symptoms during the second trimester of pregnancy, maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were raised, before the ultrasonic detection of hydropic features. Fetal blood sampling in 1 case revealed the features of aplastic crisis. A retrospective study of 3 other affected and 11 unaffected cases of B19 infection during pregnancy showed a correlation between raised maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein level and poor prognosis for the affected pregnancies, with the subsequent development of hydrops fetalis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Alpha-interferon responses in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with suspected meningitis.

Cerebrospinal fluid from 100 patients with clinically diagnosed meningitis was examined for alpha-interferon. In the laboratory four patient groups were identified: bacterial meningitis (n = 12), viral meningitis (n = 15), normal cerebrospinal fluid (n = 57) and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (n = 16). A further 14 patients with cerebrospinal fluid shunts but no abnormality in the cerebrospinal fluid provided a control group for alpha-interferon determinations. The group with viral meningitis and the group with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid had significantly higher alpha-interferon concentrations (p less than 0.001) when compared with those of the three other groups. This assay had great predictive value in determining those patients with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid who did not have a bacterial cause of meningitis. As the groups with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid and viral meningitis had a similar spread in alpha-interferon values it is likely that both reflect viral infection of the central nervous system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Serial quantitative 99mTc DTPA imaging in CMV-associated renal allograft dysfunction.

Two cases of cytomegalovirus associated renal allograft dysfunction were monitored by serial 99mTc DTPA imaging and cytomegalovirus specific fluorescent antibody tests. One case of primary cytomegalovirus disease associated with pneumonitis, hepatitis and pyrexia occurred 25 days after transplantation. The second case, due to cytomegalovirus reactivation/reinfection had fewer symptoms and occurred 78 days following transplantation. 99mTc DTPA perfusion index at the height of the cytomegalovirus associated illness remained unaltered in both cases, and did not suggest the presence of acute rejection. This non-reactive response was associated with a rapid return of graft function. The combined use of these rapid diagnostic tests during suspected rejection episodes may be useful in indicating cytomegalovirus associated allograft dysfunction and preventing the addition of further potentially harmful immunosuppressants.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1984

A prospective study of chlamydial, mycoplasmal, and viral infections in a neonatal intensive care unit.

In a prospective study of non-bacterial infection in a neonatal intensive care unit in north west London, Chlamydia trachomatis infection was identified in 4 of 280 babies (1.4%) and was the most common cause of neonatal ophthalmia. One of the four developed pneumonitis. Ureaplasma urealyticum was found to colonise the nasopharynx in 53 of 235 babies (22.6%), with Mycoplasma hominis present in 6 of 235 babies (2.6%). There was a statistically significant association between U urealyticum colonisation and preterm birth or prolonged rupture of membranes. Colonisation occurred more commonly in babies with apnoea. Viral infection was detected in 16 of 280 babies (5.7%). Rotavirus was identified in 5 of 170 babies (2.9%) and was associated with necrotising enterocolitis in two infants and with bloody diarrhoea in another. Respiratory syncytial virus, which was identified in 4 of 280 babies (1.4%), was not associated with lower respiratory tract infection.

Chlamydia trachomatis↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacy: eight signposts to follow after Noel Hall milestone.

If existing health districts were to become DHAs many would not be viable units of organisation for pharmaceutical services. John Barnett, David Carrington and Keith Munns, chairman, vice-chairman and secretary respectively of the Association of Area Pharmaceutical Officers, report on a survey of the association's membership which provided evidence for an eight-point plan for pharmacy.

Career Mobility↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of HIV and acute hepatitis B infection among drug injectors in Glasgow.

This study compared the distributions of known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among drug injectors in Glasgow over a 3.5 year period. Data were obtained from all relevant laboratory request forms submitted to Glasgow's 3 virology laboratories during the period 1 January 1986 to 30 June 1989. The overall prevalence of HIV among those tested was 3.7% (66/1786). There were 125 cases of acute HBV infection. The male:female ratios for HIV and acute HBV were 1:1 and 2:1, respectively. Thirty-four per cent of persons with HIV were aged under 21 years compared with 53% with acute HBV. Three out of 10 areas of the city accounted for 92% of HIV infection but only 66% of acute HBV infection. HIV infection was not detected among drug injectors in 4 areas of the city but at least 2 cases of acute HBV infection were recorded in all 10 areas. The geographical and age distribution of acute HBV infection in Glasgow suggests that the potential for future spread of HIV among drug injectors remains considerable.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of patients with local reactions to insulin with skin tests and in vitro techniques.

To better understand the part played by IgE and IgG antibody in the production of dermal reactions to insulin and the usefulness of skin tests in the evaluation of these reactions, we studied 21 diabetic patients referred for evaluation of large local insulin reactions, 46 diabetic patients without local insulin reactions, and 22 healthy nondiabetic controls. Study subjects were skin tested with 15 different insulins, and the results were evaluated over 48 h. All control subjects and 41 of 46 diabetic patients without local reactions were skin-test negative to insulin. The 11% of diabetic patients who reacted had positive wheal-and-flare reactions at 20 min to animal-species insulin but negative skin tests to human insulin. Study revealed two subgroups of patients with histories of local reactions. Ten (48%) of these patients had negative skin tests to insulin. Five of this subgroup remained skin-test negative to quantities of less than or equal to 8 U insulin/skin test. Eleven (52%) of the patients formed a subgroup with positive insulin skin tests; most of these patients were skin-test positive to human insulin and to beef, pork, or both insulins as well. Although the group mean insulin-specific IgE values of this latter subgroup were significantly higher than those of any other study group, overlap of these individual IgE values did not allow separation of specific individuals with positive skin tests from those of patients on insulin without dermal reactions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗