Congenital sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is an uncommon lesion that frequently presents after rupture in adult life. This report describes a patient with a left sinus of Valsalva aneurysm that ruptured into the main pulmonary artery, a previously unreported anatomic variant. Anatomic and clinical features of previously reported cases of ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm are reviewed.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Zinc and copper nutrition in human pregnancy: a longitudinal study in normal primigravidae and in primigravidae at risk of delivering a growth retarded baby.

A longitudinal study of plasma zinc and copper concentration and plasma volume was carried out in 33 normal healthy primigravidae for comparison with 31 primigravidae selected as being at risk of delivering a growth retarded baby. Neither group received mineral or vitamin supplements. In Group A, plasma zinc concentration fell as plasma volume increased between 14 weeks and 35 weeks. Intravascular mass of zinc therefore increased and showed significant correlation with intravascular mass of albumin. Both of these were significantly lower in Group B, reflecting poorer plasma volume expansion. Plasma copper concentration mirrored the increase in plasma ceruloplasmin and was comparable in both groups. Plasma zinc and copper concentrations were unaffected by smoking or by method of feeding and there was no correlation found with percentile birth weight distribution. In both groups at 30 weeks daily dietary zinc intake was approximately half the Recommended Dietary Allowance.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

The extent and antecedents of uncertain gestation.

The extent and genesis of uncertainty of gestation has been studied in a total obstetric population, using in all cases a best clinical estimate of gestation made according to a specific protocol. In 73.2% of patients, the estimate was assessed as certain, in 19.7% as approximate, and in 7.1% as uncertain. Uncertainty assessed in this way has several antecedents, and coding of only of these (presence or absence of a precise date for the last menstrual period) is insufficient in data to be used for research in which gestation length is to be used as a variable.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Persistent responsiveness of the neonatal ductus arteriosus in immature lambs: a possible cause for reopening of patent ductus arteriosus after indomethacin-induced closure.

Reopening of the ductus arteriosus after successful indomethacin-induced closure has become a major problem with indomethacin treatment. In full-term human newborns and lambs, the ductus behaves like ischemic tissue after its initial constriction. Its ability to continue to relax or contract depends on the amount of left-to-right shunt through the ductus lumen. To see if ductus constriction in preterm lambs would produce the same loss of ductus responsiveness, we delivered 42 lambs by cesarean section and ventilated them for 6.6 +/- 0.5 (+/- SE) hr. We measured ductus arteriosus resistance and left-to-right shunt with the use of radionuclide-labeled microspheres. After the hemodynamic measurements were obtained, the ductus was studied in vitro. Immature lambs were more likely to have reactive ductus (after their initial ductus constriction) than were more mature lambs. This was due to a diminished degree of ductus constriction as well as persistence of ductus responsiveness in immature lambs when compared with more mature lambs. This persistence of ductus responsiveness in immature lambs after ductus constriction may account for the high reopening rate in preterm infants after successful indomethacin-induced closure.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

[Not Available].

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History of Medicine↗

PubMed1985

T-cell control of IgA production. I. Distribution, activation conditions and culture of isotype-specific regulatory helper cells.

The capacity of T cells from different sites to augment IgA production by LPS-stimulated B cells has been investigated. Peyer's patch T lymphocytes activated with Con A induced up to a 20-fold increase in IgA production. The effect was isotype-specific, in that no consistent effect on IgG and a diminution of IgM synthesis were observed. Less activity was recorded in spleen and mesenteric lymph node T cells. Optimal activation of the Thy 1+ Lyt 1+2- helper cells required the addition of splenic adherent cells and the elimination of Thy 1+ Lyt 2+ suppressor cells prior to activation. T lymphocytes maintained regulatory activity for several months after expansion in medium supplemented with IL-2 and are now being cloned. We conclude that IgA production is under control of T cells sited preferentially, but not exclusively, in gut-associated lymphoid tissue, and that these T cells can augment IgA production by B lymphocytes from sites with low commitment to production of this isotype.

Animals↗

PubMed1985

Experience with a mobile fissure sealing unit in the Greater Glasgow area: results after three years.

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Child↗