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Biomedical subjects

D C Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to D C Wilson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The influence of nutrition on neonatal respiratory muscle function.

Advances in neonatal intensive care have resulted in increasing survival of very small babies, who often require prolonged periods of mechanical ventilation. These babies have limited nutritional reserves, and are difficult to feed by either parenteral or enteral routes. This review article discusses the interaction between undernutrition and respiratory muscle function in the critically ill preterm baby.

Critical Illness↗
PubMed1992

Long term predictive value of Doppler studies in high risk fetuses.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the predictive value of Doppler ultrasonography extends beyond the perinatal period. DESIGN: Descriptive follow-up study. SETTING: Specially designated paediatric clinic in Royal Maternity Hospital. SUBJECTS: 40 children who as high risk fetuses had had assessment of umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms. INTERVENTIONS: Parental history, physical examination, anthropometry, Denver developmental screening test. OUTCOME MEASURES: Weight, height, head circumference, neurological impairment, Denver development screening test RESULT: Abnormal waveforms were an accurate predictor of neonatal outcome, with significant differences in birthweight, gestational age, need for nursery admission, and frequency of intrauterine growth retardation between normal and abnormal waveform groups. However, abnormal Doppler studies were not predictive of long-term adverse sequelae. There were no significant differences in height, head circumference, proportion with neurological impairment, or results of Denver developmental screening test at a median age of five years. CONCLUSION: The predictive value of Doppler ultrasonography is less for long-term growth and neurodevelopment than for perinatal outcome in the high risk fetus.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Meningitis and midline facial deformity.

A baby with unilateral cleft lip, midline cleft palate and hypertelorism developed meningitis in the first 48 h of life. Examination of the nasopharynx showed a soft tissue mass, which was confirmed as a basal encephalocele by computed tomography. There was also congenital hydrocephalus and the corpus callosum was absent. Surgical treatment included repair of the anterior basal skull defect, repair of the lip and palate, and ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. There is currently evidence of developmental delay and right-sided visual impairment due to Morning Glory syndrome. This case demonstrates that basal encephalocele should be considered in any baby with midline facial deformity who develops meningitis.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1992

Plasma manganese levels in the very low birth weight infant are high in early life.

Plasma manganese levels were determined at birth and then serially to 3 months of age in 40 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (mean birth weight 1,027 g). Mean plasma manganese concentration was 3.6 micrograms/l at birth and 3.0 micrograms/l at 3 months of age. These levels were approximately 3-fold greater than those of a group of 9 adults analysed using the same methods (mean 1.1 micrograms/l). Manganese was also measured in parenteral nutrition fluids, breast milk and 3 preterm formulas. There was no relationship between manganese intake and plasma manganese concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Breast milk beta-glucuronidase and exaggerated jaundice in the early neonatal period.

Breast-feeding is associated with jaundice in the early neonatal period. Previous work has shown levels of the enzyme beta-glucuronidase in maternal breast milk to be related to infant serum bilirubin on postnatal day 21. Our aim was to establish if there was a correlation between the level of breast milk beta-glucuronidase and the degree of early (first week) neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. A study of 55 mother and baby pairs showed that breast milk beta-glucuronidase levels had no relationship with the level of infant serum bilirubin between postnatal days 3 and 6. Breast milk beta-glucuronidase does not directly account for the early neonatal jaundice seen in breast-fed babies.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1991

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) complicating meningococcaemia.

We describe a one year old boy with meningococcaemia complicated by the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Maintenance of oxygenation required a positive end-expiratory pressure of 20 cm H2O. Resultant barotrauma produced pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. Prompt recognition and treatment of this complication can reduce its high mortality rate.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Plasma manganese, selenium and glutathione peroxidase levels in the mother and newborn infant.

Manganese (Mn), selenium (Se) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) levels were determined in 56 paired samples of maternal and cord blood plasma at birth in both term and preterm pregnancies. Correlations existed between maternal and newborn plasma levels for Se, but not for Mn or GPX. Values of Mn, Se and GPX were all greater in the term than the preterm infant. Levels of Mn were greater in the pregnant than the non-pregnant woman, but levels of Se and GPX were lower during pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Nutrition and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Twenty two babies who developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia were compared with 22 babies matched for gestational age who did not. Those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia weighed less at birth and had lower energy intakes from day 7 to day 56. Undernutrition before and after birth is a major problem in babies who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1991

Effect of blood transfusion on plasma selenium, glutathione peroxidase and manganese levels in very low birth weight infants.

Very low birth weight infants often receive multiple blood transfusions. We measured the plasma levels of the trace elements selenium, manganese, and glutathione peroxidase in 20 very low birth weight infants prior to blood transfusion and then at 24, 48 and 72 h after transfusion. There was no detectable change in mean selenium or glutathione peroxidase concentrations after transfusion, but the mean (SD) plasma manganese increased from 3.8 (1.5) to 6.0 (2.3) micrograms/l at 72 h.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1990

Persistent segmental cutaneous anesthesia after a brown recluse spider bite.

Patients with brown recluse spider bites commonly suffer from pain, muscular aching, and a variety of local dysesthesias during the acute and resolution phases of toxin-induced injury. This is our first well-documented observation of persistent cutaneous anesthesia caused by a spider bite. The anesthetic area conformed to the distribution of a specific nerve, the transverse cervical cutaneous nerve. The identification of the spider as a brown recluse and the location of the bite over the nerve's usual pathway strongly suggest that the venom was responsible for this complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ulcerative lesions and herpes simplex virus type 2 in a patient with Evan's syndrome.

We have described a case of herpes genitalis in a patient with Evans's syndrome who had violaceous macules leading to deep ulcerations. This case serves as a reminder that HSV infection may be atypical and have an unusual course in immunocompromised patients. With the availability of specific therapy for this infection, it is important to consider HSV in the differential diagnosis of all ulcerative skin lesions.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1990

An unusual cause of thoracic mass.

A previously well 10 year old boy presented with scoliosis, a mass in the chest wall, and a pleural effusion. Chest radiography showed the triad of chronic consolidation, pleural effusion, and rib periostitis. Investigations confirmed thoracic actinomycosis. Tissue spread was evaluated by computed tomography. It was successfully treated with benzylpenicillin, which was later replaced by clindamycin.

Actinomycosis↗