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Biomedical subjects

D C Smith

Publications and source records attributed to D C Smith.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Embolotherapy of a ruptured internal mammary artery secondary to blunt chest trauma.

A unique case of traumatic rupture of the internal mammary artery secondary to blunt deceleration injury of the chest is reported. The injury, which produced changes consistent with great vessel disruption on the plain chest radiograph, was treated by percutaneous transcatheter embolization of Gianturco steel coils. The importance of surveying all arteries visualized during thoracic aortography in patients with widened mediastinum following deceleration injury to the chest is reinforced. Embolotherapy of this noncritical chest wall vessel is demonstrated.

Accidents↗
PubMed1982

Cholecystojejunostomy complicated by massive hemocholecyst.

Diagnostic arteriography was performed in two patients with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage in whom palliative cholecystojejunostomies had recently been performed. Bleeding was found to be coming from the cystic arteries in both cases. In patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage in whom there is a history of a cholecystojejunostomy, hemocholecyst should be considered and a hepatic artery injection included in the angiographic study.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

An improved ruptured-balloon retrieval set.

The authors describe instrumentation for easy retrieval of a ruptured balloon on a dilatation catheter used for transluminal angioplasty. A sheath is introduced which has a larger lumen than the outer size of the dilatation catheter; this permits removal of the balloon.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1982

Collateral circulation secondary to upper extremity venous thrombosis visualized during excretory urography.

Unsuspected upper extremity venous thrombosis was observed in three patients undergoing excretory urography. Thoraco-abdominal collateral vessels were readily visible following an intravenous bolus injection of contrast material into a vein in the affected extremity. The increased incidence of upper extremity venous thrombosis is probably due to the frequent use of subclavian vein catheterization for parenteral nutrition, central venous monitoring, and cardiac pacing. The collateral pathways are characteristic and can easily be recognized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Custom-made veneers for permanent anterior teeth.

The reduction of the enamel on the labial surface of the affected teeth makes the procedure irreversible. However, the procedures provide a superior functional and, more importantly, physiological result while still offering a conservative type of treatment. The uniqueness of the technique is in its ability to restore the physiological relationship of the gingiva and the labial surface, rather than to compromise this relationship by making a bulbous tooth of a greater labiolingual dimension than a normal tooth. It must be explained to the patients who require this type of procedure that the next step would be the complete reduction of the affected teeth and the construction of porcelain jacket crowns.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Experimental pancreatitis after surfactant exposure.

The effects of pancreatic intraductal infusions of the surface active pancreatic ductogram enhancing agent, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, were studied in the dog. Moderately high pressure retrograde infusions of 5 per cent polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil into the main pancreatic duct resulted in pancreatitis-like changes significantly greater than those seen in the saline solution control group. These changes persisted despite buffering of the agent to physiologic pH and the elimination of nonphysiologically high pressure by direct ductal perfusion. Similar inflammatory changes were associated with ductal perfusion using oleic and, to a lesser degree, ricinoleic-fatty acids at concentrations of 10(-4) molar sufficient to account for the titratable acidity of 5 per cent polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil. It is postulated that residual-free fatty acids may play some role in polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil related toxicity. The surface active properties of the agent may also be involved. Caution and further research are recommended prior to widespread use of the agent in endoscopic retrograde pancreatography.

Amylases↗
PubMed1982

Aesthetic dental veneering materials.

They are numerous clinical indications for the use of aesthetic tooth coverings including heavily stained teeth, hypoplasia and other developmental disorders, and traumatic injuries. The acid etch technique provides a means of attaching composite resins and preformed acrylic veneers to enamel to cope with these problems. Four basic techniques are in use: (a) freehand placement of cold-cured or light-cured acrylic resins, (b) use of a crown form with technique (a), (c) commercially performed acrylic laminated bonded to the tooth with cold- or light-cured resins and (d) individually made preformed laminates bonded as in (c). A meticulous acid etch technique is necessary, including the use of 35 per cent phosphoric acid for up to 120 seconds on difficult surfaces such as primary or highly fluorosed enamel. Special care is needed at the gingival margin, for poor bonding is obtained by dentin/cementum. Successful results can be obtained with all four techniques when experience has been gained. The quickest and most flexible technique is (a), whereas (d) is capable of the best contour, adaptation and aesthetics. However, in (d) laboratory procedures add to costs. The most convenient resins for freehand placement and bonding of veneers are the light-cured (composite) resins. Cold-cure resins have short working time and are best used with an unfilled resin primer. Clinical studies indicate that a life of at least 3-4 years for enamel veneers can be expected if incisal coverage is avoided. Research is in progress to improve durability. These restorations should be regarded at present at medium-term treatments and should be so presented to the patient. Even with current materials, a dramatic improvement in appearance can effect a major transformation in the self-esteem of the patient.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1981

Functional restoration of vision in the cat after long-term monocular deprivation.

Recovery of visual acuity was studied in six long-term monocularly deprived cats after removal of the nondeprived eye or reverse lid suture. Although both manipulations improved visual acuity, removal of the nondeprived eye was associated with more rapid recovery and higher find acuity than in reverse suture. These results are in agreement with the known electrophysiological effects of these recovery conditions and are also similar to the effects of reverse occlusion or loss of the nonamblyopic eye in human amblyopes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Development alterations in binocular competitive interactions and visual acuity in visually deprived cats.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of developmental alterations in binocular competitive interactions between the eyes on visual acuity. Comparisons were made between animals which were monocularly deprived (MD) of patterned visual input, binocularly lid-sutured cats (BD), and animals which had the lids of one eye sutured closed and the other eye removed prior to natural eye opening (MDE). Thus, each group differed in the degree of competitive imbalance between the eyes during postnatal development. Threshold visual acuity for high contrast, squarewave gratings was measured in a jumping stand. Mean visual acuities for each group using a single deprived eye were: group MD, 0.65 cycles/deg; group BD, 3.2 cycles/deg; group MED, 3.72 cycles/deg. These results indicated that the greater the competitive disadvantage an eye is placed at during development, the greater the acuity (sensory) deficits. Further, comparisons made between MD and MDE animals indicated that the acuity deficits using effects of deprivation per se.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The social, emotional and financial implications of adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

The incidence and severity of toxicity, the extent of emotional disturbance and cost of adjuvant chemotherapy were assessed in patients with early breast cancer randomized to receive either radiotherapy, chemotherapy (CMF) or radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy. Nausea and vomiting occurred in 85 per cent of patients receiving chemotherapy and contributed significantly to distress. Over one-third of patients required a wig or developed mucosal ulceration. Nevertheless, most patients were able to return to work during treatment. Leucopoenia was more commonly encountered in those patients who received radiotherapy prior to chemotherapy. Twelve months after mastectomy, psychiatric morbidity was present in 13 of 34 patients receiving chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy, compared with only 1 of 18 receiving radiotherapy alone. Anxiety was common in both groups. This trend was still present 6 months after the completion of chemotherapy. The cost of chemotherapy is discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗