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D C Old

Publications and source records attributed to D C Old.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Demonstration by immuno-electronmicroscopy of antigenic heterogeneity among P fimbriae of strains of Escherichia coli.

The identification of P fimbriae on urinary strains of Escherichia coli isolated from urine was made by observation of the patterns of mannose-resistant and eluting haemagglutination of erythrocytes of seven animal species (and including those of human p phenotype), and by haemagglutination-inhibition tests with hydatid-cyst fluid known to contain an analogue of P-fimbrial receptor. In tests with five different, pure P-fimbrial antisera prepared in rabbits, agglutinin titres of 37 P-fimbriate strains revealed differences in their reactivity; immuno-electronmicroscopy studies with the same five antisera showed that P-fimbriate strains were markedly different in the extent to which their P fimbriae were coated with antibody. The antigenic heterogeneity observed among P fimbriae is discussed with regard to the development of P-fimbrial vaccines.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1987

Antigenic relationships among type-1 fimbriae of Enterobacteriaceae revealed by immuno-electronmicroscopy.

Antigenic relationships among type-1 fimbriae of 40 strains of Enterobacteriaceae representing 19 species and seven genera were determined by immuno-electronmicroscopy. Ten distinct antigenic groups were distinguished. Intra- and inter-generic relationships were observed although some antigenic groups were species-specific only. Antigenic relationships among type-1 fimbriae are more complex than have been reported hitherto.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of type 1 and mannose-resistant fimbriae of Erwinia spp.

Type 1 fimbriae from Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and mannose-resistant fimbriae from Erwinia rhapontici were purified and characterized. The type 1 fimbrillin had an apparent molecular weight of 16,500; that of the mannose-resistant fimbrillin was 18,000. The amino-terminal amino acid sequences of the two fimbrillins were related, but tryptic peptide maps showed significant differences between the proteins. No serological cross-reaction was found between the two fimbrial filaments, nor did they cross-react with type 1 or type 3 fimbriae purified from other enterobacterial species. Immunofluorescent staining of bacterial populations revealed that they were heterogeneous with respect to fimbriation.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

An interesting problem of strain identification with urinary isolates of Escherichia coli.

Twenty-one cultures of Escherichia coli, recovered over a 5-year period from 14 urine specimens from a patient, were examined by multiple typing techniques selected for their reproducibility, their proven strain differentiating ability and for their suitability for use in small laboratories. Six isolates were readily identified as belonging to three distinct strains. Despite the finding that the remaining 15 isolates showed minor variations in resistotype and serotype characters, all 15 isolates belonged to the same full biotype. They were probably representatives of a fourth strain distinct from the other three strains identified, but even complete serological analysis could not resolve the problem of their strain identity.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Some enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli produce haemagglutinins associated with HEp2 epithelial cell adhesion.

Sixteen of 17 strains of Escherichia coli of traditional infantile enteropathogenic (EPEC) serotypes produced mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (and type-1 fimbriae) after serial growth in nutrient broth. Two strains also produced mannose-resistant haemagglutinins (MRHAs) after serial growth in phosphate-buffered broth but not in nutrient broth or after growth on phosphate-buffered agar. Some of the type-1 fimbriate EPEC strains adhered modestly in a mannose-sensitive manner to HEp2 epithelial cells in a 30-min in vitro assay; two MRHA+ EPEC strains adhered well in a mannose-resistant manner.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1986

P fimbriation among biochemically inactive strains of Escherichia coli of the group formerly called Alkalescens-Dispar.

Biochemically inactive, non-motile strains of Escherichia coli of the group formerly known as Alkalescens-Dispar (AD) and of known AD serogroups were analysed for biotype, resistotype, type-1 fimbriation, P fimbriation and haemolysin production. All strains of AD serogroups O1 and O2 examined were P-fimbriate and of closely related bio-resistotypes, suggesting that they may be representatives of two E. coli P-fimbriate clones, members of which have not infrequently been isolated from infected urine.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1986

Differences in adhesiveness among type 1 fimbriate strains of Enterobacteriaceae revealed by an in vitro HEp2 cell adhesion model.

Ten type 1 fimbriate strains of Enterobacteriaceae were examined in an in vitro adhesion assay with HEp2 epithelial cells. The range of HEp2 cell adhesiveness, which was characteristic for each strain, was affected by motility, type 1 fimbriation and production of mannose sensitive haemagglutinin. Nevertheless, not all type 1 fimbriate strains adhered well in this model. The findings are discussed with regard to the possibility that different type 1 fimbriate enterobacteria, though all are mannose sensitive, recognize different mannose-containing receptors present or available on the surfaces of the HEp2 cells.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed1985

An epidemiological study of Salmonella montevideo by biotyping.

Among 622 cultures of Salmonella montevideo, 27 biotypes belonging to two biogroups were recognized. One biogroup (10di) was predominant in all animals in Scotland but only in sheep in England and Wales. The other (biogroup 2d) was responsible for almost all human, cattle and poultry infection in England and Wales, but only 24% of human infection in Scotland.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Fimbrial and non-fimbrial haemagglutinins in Enterobacter aerogenes.

Ten strains of Enterobacter aerogenes were examined for their ability to produce haemagglutinins and fimbriae. Nine strains formed a mannose-sensitive (MS) haemagglutinin associated with thin (4 nm) non-channelled fimbriae. These thin fimbriae of E. aerogenes were antigenically different from the thin fimbriae of other fimbriate strains of Enterobacter and Klebsiella and probably represent a new kind of fimbria not previously described in Enterobacteriaceae. Eight of these same nine strains also formed a non-fimbrial mannose-resistant, proteus-like (MR/P) haemagglutinin. The formation of thin fimbriae associated with MS haemagglutinin and of non-fimbrial MR/P haemagglutinin are properties not associated with other strains of Enterobacter and Klebsiella. E. aerogenes strain NCIB11460 was unusual among the strains examined in this series in that it alone produced mannose-resistant, Klebsiella-like (MR/K) haemagglutinin and type-3 fimbriae which, as judged by immunoelectronmicroscopy, were antigenically like those of type-3 fimbriate Klebsiella strains. The identifying characters of this exceptional strain of E. aerogenes are discussed in detail. All ten strains also produced thick fimbriae which by immunoelectronmicroscopy behaved like the type-1 fimbriae of Klebsiella strains. However, correlation between their presence and the production of MS haemagglutinin in E. aerogenes was not established. The findings are discussed in the light of the present difficult taxonomic status of E. aerogenes within the tribe Klebsielleae.

Enterobacter↗
PubMed1985

Antigenic relationships among type-3 fimbriae of Enterobacteriaceae revealed by immunoelectronmicroscopy.

Antigenic relationships among type-3 fimbriae of 31 strains, representing 19 species and eight genera of Enterobacteriaceae, were investigated by immunoelectronmicroscopy in tests with 17 different type-3 fimbrial antisera. At least nine antigenically distinct groups among type-3 fimbriae were distinguished. The constituent membership of some groupings did not conform with current views on the taxonomy of Enterobacteriaceae.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1985

A comparative study of the type-3 fimbriae of Klebsiella species.

Type-3 fimbriae isolated from members of five different species of Klebsiella were 4-5 nm in diameter and agglutinated the tannic acid-treated erythrocytes of ox and, in some cases, the untanned erythrocytes of fowl. In sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the type-3 fimbrial proteins had mol. wts in the range 19 500-21 500. Hydrophobic amino acids comprised 39.6% of all the amino acids of the type-3 fimbrial protein of K. oxytoca strain 70/1. The type-1 fimbrial protein of Klebsiella had a mol. wt of c. 18 000 and the type-1 fimbriae were serologically distinct from the type-3 fimbriae. Our results for the type-3 fimbriae of Klebsiella were compared with those of others for morphologically similar and serologically related thin fimbriae of Salmonella and Yersinia.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1985

Haemagglutinins and adhesion of Escherichia coli to HEp2 epithelial cells.

Strains of Escherichia coli producing type-1 fimbriae, associated with mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (MSHA), or three antigenically different kinds of 'MRE' fimbriae, associated with mannose-resistant and eluting haemagglutinins (MREHAs), adhered poorly to HEp2 epithelial cells in an in-vitro adhesion model previously used to demonstrate the importance of motility and type-1 fimbriae for the attachment of strains of Salmonella typhimurium to HEp2 cells. Strains of E. coli producing narrow-spectrum MREHA, agglutinating human erythrocytes only of 14 red-cell species tested, adhered well to HEp2 cells, particularly so when bacteria produced MSHA (and type-1 fimbriae) along with the narrow-spectrum 'man-only' MREHA. These findings are discussed with regard to recent observations suggesting that narrow-spectrum 'man-only' MREHA in E. coli may be associated with fine, fibrillar appendages 2-nm wide.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1985

Bacterial adherence.

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Adhesins, Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1984

Relationships among broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum mannose-resistant fimbrial hemagglutinins in different Yersinia species.

When 117 strains of Yersinia were grown in serial broth culture at 22 or 30 C, 44 (38%) formed a broad-spectrum, mannose-resistant hemagglutinin (MR/Y-HA) associated with thick (8 nm) channelled (MR/Y) fimbriae; eight other strains (7%) formed a narrow-spectrum, mannose-resistant hemagglutinin (MR/K-like HA) associated with thin (4 nm) non-channelled (type 3-like) fimbriae. The distribution of these two fimbrial hemagglutinins in different Yersinia species is discussed and their properties are compared with those of other reported mannose-resistant hemagglutinins. The thick fimbriae of four Yersinia species were antigenically similar as judged by immunoelectronmicroscopy. Likewise, the thin fimbriae of three Yersinia species were antigenically similar, though different from the thick fimbriae.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1984

L-Rhamnose utilisation in Salmonella typhimurium.

L-Rhamnose is degraded by strains of Salmonella typhimurium by isomerisation to L- rhamnulose , phosphorylation to L- rhamnulose -1-phosphate and cleavage to lactaldehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. The enzymes involved are, respectively, rhamnose isomerase ( RhaI ), rhamnulokinase ( RhuK ) and an aldolase (Ald). Strains able to grow rapidly on L-rhamnose contained a high-affinity uptake system for 3H-L-rhamnose that was induced by L-rhamnose and repressed by D-glucose. The synthesis of RhaI and RhuK was also induced by L-rhamnose but was not repressed by D-glucose. The synthesis of Ald was constitutive. Data are presented on some strains which grow very slowly on L-rhamnose and on others which do not utilise it.

Mutation↗
PubMed1984

Phylogeny of strains of Salmonella typhimurium.

The combined use of biotyping and phage typing has been used to identify major clones of Salmonella typhimurium. Recombination studies among isolates of different clones indicate their genetic relatedness and allow construction of a phylogenetic tree showing relationships among major biotypes. Possible lines of their descent from a common archetypal ancestor are discussed.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed1983

Multiple fimbrial haemagglutinins in Serratia species.

Fifty-six strains from nine Serratia species, grown under a variety of cultural conditions, were examined in rocked-tile tests for the presence of haemagglutinins (HAs) and with the electron microscope for fimbriae. All strains were haemagglutinating; most (71%) formed two or three of the different kinds of HA detected. These were: (i) a mannose-sensitive HA (MS-HA); (ii) a mannose-resistant, klebsiella-like HA (MR/K-HA); (iii) two mannose-resistant, proteus-like HAs (MR/P-HA), one of which showed broad-spectrum HA activity against different species of erythrocytes and the other narrow-spectrum HA activity. Five types of fimbriae associated with the different HAs were observed. This description of the fimbrial HAs in nine species of Serratia is the most comprehensive so far produced and should provide a basis for future studies directed towards elucidating the ecological role of the adhesins in in-vivo colonization by serratiae as commensals or pathogens.

Fimbriae, Bacterial↗