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Biomedical subjects

D C Moore

Publications and source records attributed to D C Moore.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Mammalian and bacterial sugar transport proteins are homologous.

The uptake of a sugar across the boundary membrane is a primary event in the nutrition of most cells, but the hydrophobic nature of the transport proteins involved makes them difficult to characterize. Their amino-acid sequences can, however, be determined by cloning and sequencing the corresponding gene (or complementary DNA). We have determined the sequences of the arabinose-H+ and xylose-H+ membrane transport proteins of Escherichia coli. They are homologous with each other and, unexpectedly, with the glucose transporters of human hepatoma and rat brain cells. All four proteins share similarities with the E. coli citrate transporter. Comparisons of their sequences and hydropathic profiles yield insights into their structure, functionally important residues and possible evolutionary relationships. There is little apparent homology with the lactose-H+ (LacY) or melibiose-Na+ (MelB) transport proteins of E. coli.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gynaecomasty as the first manifestation of sexual precocity (case report).

We report on a young boy who developed gynaecomastia 15 months before he showed clinical manifestations of sexual precocity. He was treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate with good results. His development to adulthood is presented. The causes of gynaecomastia in the prepubertal child are reviewed.

Estradiol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of wrist guards on bone strain in the distal forearm.

There are increasing epidemiologic and biomechanical data suggesting that wrist guards are effective in preventing wrist injuries in snowboarders and in-line skaters. However, there have been few studies designed to determine how they function. In this study we explored the load-sharing function of wrist guards at subfailure loading levels. To do so, we measured bone strain in the distal radius, distal ulna, and midshaft of the radius in cadaveric forearms with and without two types of commercially available wrist guards. We also measured construct stiffness and energy absorption during testing. Our most significant findings were that dorsal and volar distal radius bone strain were reduced with both wrist guards, and wrist guards increased energy absorption. We also found a reduction in dorsal distal ulnar bone strain, but only with the one guard in which the volar plate was elevated off the heel of the hand. In our loading configuration, wrist guards did not increase bone strain at the radial midshaft. These findings provide insight into how wrist guards protect the wrist: during low-energy falls they function partly by load-sharing, as well as by absorbing impact energy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arterial and venous plasma levels of bupivacaine following peripheral nerve blocks.

Mean arterial plasma (MAP) and peripheral mean venous plasma (MVP) levels of bupivacaine were ascertained in 3 groups of 10 patients each for: (1) intercostal nerve block, 400 mg; (2) block of the sciatic, femoral, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves, with or without block of the obturator nerve, 400 mg; and (3) supraclavicular brachial plexus block, 300 mg. MAP levels were consistently higher than simultaneously sampled MVP levels, the highest levels occurring from bilateral intercostal nerve block. No evidence of systemic toxicity was observed. The results suggest that bupivacaine has a much wider margin of safety in humans than is now stated.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal pain and alcohol celiac plexus nerve block.

Alcohol celiac plexus nerve blocks were done in 100 patients, of whome 97 had intractable abdominal pain from cancer. In most cases, an initial diagnositc block with bupivacaine was followed by the therapeutic block performed by injecting 50 ml of 50 percent ethyl alcohol. Good to excellent pain relief occurred in 94 percent of patients. Fourteen blocks were repeated for recurrent pain. Life duration ranged from 2 days to 14 months after the block. Complications and side effects were infrequently seen but did include a 10 percent incidence of postural hypotension and 1 case of partial leg paralysis. This block is remarkably safe as well as effective and should be employed more frequently.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bupivacaine: a review of 11,080 cases.

Bupivacaine (Marcaine) hydrochloride, a long-acting local anesthetic drug, was used in concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, or 0.75 percent with and without a vasoconstrictor, in amounts ranging from 25 to over 600 mg, for caudal, epidural (peridural), or peripheral nerve block for 11,080 surgical, obstetrical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures. Onset of anesthesia occurred in 4 to 10 minutes and maximum anesthesia in 15 to 35 minutes. Concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 percent consistently produced complete sensory anesthesia of the integumentary and musculoskeletal systems. With 0.25 and 0.5 percent, motor blockade ranged from minimal to complete. In intra-abdominal surgery, only 0.75 percent consistently produced profound muscle relaxation. Fifteen systemic toxic reactions occurred, but no untoward sequelae resulted from them. One inadvertent subarachnoid injection of 110 mg resulted in a total spinal block with an uneventful recovery.

Analgesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bupivacaine compared with etidocaine for vaginal delivery.

A comparison of 0.5 percent etidocaine with 0.25 and 0.5 percent bupivacaine, using continuous (intermittent) caudal block in 60 vaginal deliveries, showed the latter two solutions to be the agents of choice. All solutions contained a final concentration of 1:2000,000 epihephrine. In 40 parturients given either 0.25 or 0.5 percent bupivacaine, all had pain relief after the initial dose, while 5 of 20 given etidocaine required a refill dose within 30 to 50 minutes for complete pain relief. The duration of action of the initial dose with both concentrations of bupivacaine was longer than that of etidocaine. The degree of motor blockade with 0.5 percent etidocaine was greater than with 0.5 percent bupivacaine, and with 0.5 percent concentrations of either etidocaine or bupivacaine was greater than with 0.25 percent bupivacaine. The duration of motor blockade of 0.5 percent etidocaine and bupivacaine was comparable. The duration of motor blockade of the 0.25 percent concentration of bupivacaine was shorter than with the 0.5 percent concentration of both etidocaine and bupivacaine; and with both bupivacaine concentrations the duration of sensory anesthesia in the extremities was longer than motor blockade; with etidocaine, the opposite occurred.

Acetanilides↗