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Biomedical subjects

D C Herman

Publications and source records attributed to D C Herman.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Ocular permeability after systemic administration of endotoxin in humans.

Acute anterior uveitis in response to the administration of systemic gram-negative endotoxin was studied in humans. The blood-aqueous barrier was evaluated in eight normal human subjects at 8 or 24 hours after systemic administration of purified gram-negative endotoxin. No significant changes in the blood-aqueous barrier were found, as evaluated by permeability to fluorescein, number of aqueous cells, flare, or intraocular pressure, despite profound endotoxin-induced cardiac, pulmonary, and circulatory effects. Gram-negative endotoxin does not appear to affect the human blood-aqueous barrier in doses that can safely be given to humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Role of testing for anticytoplasmic autoantibodies in the differential diagnosis of scleritis and orbital pseudotumor.

Wegener's granulomatosis is a multisystem disease often with protean manifestations. Eye signs and symptoms can be prominent and may be the patient's initial complaint. For a definitive diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis, a tissue biopsy specimen must show vasculitis and necrotizing granuloma. The presence of anticytoplasmic autoantibodies in the serum of patients has been found to be highly specific for Wegener's granulomatosis and can considerably facilitate early diagnosis and be used to monitor disease activity. In two illustrative cases, the utility of this laboratory test in the differential diagnosis of scleritis and orbital pseudotumor is demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Endogenous uveitis: current concepts of treatment.

The medical treatment of patients with uveitis often necessitates the use of systemically administered drugs, including corticosteroids, cytotoxic agents, and cyclosporine. Because of the potential side effects of these medications, physicians unfamiliar with inflammatory ocular disease may be asked to participate in the care of these patients. The most important criteria on which to base the decisions of when and how to treat patients with uveitis are the site and severity of the inflammation, the degree of visual acuity, and the potential for restoration of vision with treatment. Slit-lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, and fluorescein angiography are useful for evaluating the loss of vision in patients with endogenous uveitis. The main goal of treatment is to prevent permanent scarring and deterioration of vision as a result of the disease or the drug side effects. Frequent reassessment will help ensure adequate treatment and will minimize adverse drug effects.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1989

Intravenous fluorescein interference with clinical laboratory tests.

The results of laboratory tests performed after fluorescein angiography may be erroneous because of interference by intravenous fluorescein. We investigated this potential interference in four adults at intervals of five minutes, three hours, six hours, and 12 hours after fluorescein injection. We used a panel of serum and urine chemistry tests on seven commonly used instruments. A significant change in the reported concentration of a serum or urine analyte was defined as a result beyond +/- 3 coefficients of variation of the preinjection baseline value for the test on a specific instrument. The determinations of creatinine, total protein, cortisol, digoxin, quinidine, and thyroxine in serum were affected by intravenous fluorescein. The urine tests were unaltered. The physician must be aware of the problem of interpreting clinical chemistry results after fluorescein angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical staining of sebaceous cell carcinoma of the eyelid.

We characterized the inflammatory infiltrate of two sebaceous cell carcinomas of the eyelid with immunohistochemical staining to determine the functional class of the mononuclear cells associated with the tumor. The results were compared with the inflammatory infiltrate associated with basal cell carcinomas. The subepithelial spaces and the area immediately surrounding the sebaceous cell neoplasms were free of mononuclear inflammatory cells, in contrast to the basal cell tumors, which had large numbers of subepithelial inflammatory cells and inflammatory cells in intimate contact with the neoplastic cells as previously reported. Inflammatory reaction in the sebaceous cell tumor was limited to a T-cell infiltrate surrounding the vessels adjacent to the tumor. The predominant mononuclear inflammatory cell in both the sebaceous cell and the basal cell carcinomas was the T helper cell. The apparent difference in mononuclear cell infiltrate may be a significant factor in the clinical behavior of the tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Isolated metastasis to optic nerve from medulloblastoma.

Isolated involvement of the optic nerve with metastatic tumor is uncommon. A 19-year-old man had a midline cerebellar medulloblastoma; a gross total removal was performed. He received postoperative radiation therapy to the whole brain, posterior fossa, and craniospinal axis. A progressive optic neuropathy developed 28 months later with radiologic evidence of an enlarged optic nerve. There was no evidence of metastatic disease elsewhere. An optic nerve biopsy showed metastatic medulloblastoma. An intramedullary metastasis developed 48 months after the primary diagnosis, and the patient died 5 months later.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ocular fluorescein clearance in patients with hypotony secondary to chronic uveitis.

The development of hypotony is not uncommon in patients with uveitis. Recent evidence suggests that prostaglandins may cause reduction in intraocular pressure by increasing uveoscleral outflow. Ocular fluorescein clearance was measured in patients with hypotony due to chronic uveitis. The mean fluorescein clearance was found to be 0.44/hr., which is consistent with the results found by other investigators in normal subjects.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1988

A method of determining concentration of albumin in the living eye.

A noninvasive method of measuring the concentration of plasma protein in the anterior chamber is described. Fluorescein is applied to the cornea. After the aqueous humor becomes fluorescent, the polarization of fluorescence is measured. The concentration of plasma protein, mainly albumin, can be calculated from the polarization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The treatment of animal bite injuries of the eye and ocular adnexa.

Animal bites to the eye and ocular adnexa may result in significant morbidity. Management includes wound care and surgical repair of traumatized tissue, treatment of infection (most commonly Pasteurella multocida), appropriate tetanus and rabies prophylaxis, and notification of state public health officials.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ophthalmic findings of hydranencephaly.

Hydranencephaly is a rare developmental disorder in which the cerebral hemispheres are replaced by a cystic space filled with cerebrospinal fluid and covered by intact meninges. Ophthalmic findings include pupillary abnormalities, strabismus, nystagmus, ptosis, optic nerve hypoplasia, chorioretinitis, retinal vessel attenuation, and incomplete anterior chamber cleavage.

Anencephaly↗