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Biomedical subjects

D C Hardy

Publications and source records attributed to D C Hardy.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

In vivo analysis of single, pre- and postprocessing quantitative CT techniques.

Measurements of bone mineral using single and dual-energy quantitative computed tomography (CT) are examined in vivo in 108 vertebral bodies scanned on a Siemens DRH scanner. Pre and postprocessing dual-energy techniques are compared. In the range of clinically useful kilovoltage, the choice of beam energy does not make a significant difference to the single-energy bone mineral measurement. Postprocessing dual-energy measurement in vivo shows a statistically significant decrease in the amount of mineral measured compared to single-energy measurements, whereas the preprocessing measurement shows a significant increase.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Transient osteoporosis: transient bone marrow edema?

Ten patients with debilitating hip or knee pain were examined with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. All had conventional radiographs that were either normal or showed nonspecific osteopenia. Nine patients had bone scintigrams that showed focal increased radionuclide uptake in the region of the painful joint. In each case, MR images of the affected joint showed regional decreased signal intensity of the bone marrow on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Biopsy results of four patients excluded ischemic necrosis and metastases. The symptoms resolved spontaneously in all cases. The ten patients were followed up for 12-36 months, and there were no recurrences. The authors believe that the findings on MR images represent a transient increase in bone marrow water content. The focal findings on scintigrams confirmed the periarticular distribution of the process and provided evidence of accompanying hyperemia and increased bone mineral metabolism. For lack of a better term and to emphasize the generic character of the condition, the authors termed this condition "the transient marrow edema syndrome."

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1987

Arthrographic evaluation of the carpal triangular fibrocartilage complex.

One hundred sixty-two patients had analyses for correlation of triangular fibrocartilage abnormalities (TFCC), with duration and location of pain and other possible associated radiographic, scintigraphic, and arthrographic abnormalities. Results indicated that TFCC perforations did not correlate with any pain complex or other associated radiographic, arthrographic, or scintigraphic abnormality. No association with carpal instability or with ulnar variance could be identified. No definition between perforations that were posttraumatic and those that were the results of a degenerative process could be made. Several small defects on both the proximal and distal surfaces of the TFCC were identified. They do not appear to have been reported previously in the literature. Their significance is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Posteroanterior wrist radiography: importance of arm positioning.

Proper interpretation of wrist radiography requires a standardized radiographic technique. We obtained posteroanterior (PA) radiographs of the wrist in nine patients in three different arm positions to study the effect of arm position on ulnar styloid process orientation. An appearance simulating a normal anteroposterior (AP) wrist radiograph was present in six of nine PA radiographs when the arm was positioned next to the trunk, and the elbow was flexed to a 90% angle. The orientation of the ulnar styloid was not helpful in differentiating either pronated from supinated wrist positions or AP from PA projections. We concluded that radiographic screening of the carpus should be performed with standardized wrist positioning and nomenclature as described in modern radiographic technological texts. Supplemental projections should be exposed and interpreted with an understanding of the position of the arm and the direction of the incident radiographic beam at the time of examination.

Arm↗
PubMed1987

Fluoroscopic identification of torn intercarpal ligaments after injection of contrast material.

Wrist arthrography is often used to evaluate the integrity of the scapholunate and lunotriquetral ligaments. This may be difficult when the ligaments are obscured by contrast material in standard radiographic projections, despite filming under fluoroscopic observation during the injection of contrast material. When superimposition occurs, we recommend fluoroscopic positioning of the wrist to optimally visualize the individual ligaments in profile. We applied this technique in performing 240 wrist arthrograms, 88 (37%) of which had scapholunate and/or lunotriquetral ligament tears. As a result, a definite diagnosis of the specific site of ligamentous disruption was possible in all but one case. Using this technique, we also identified six short-segment or "pinhole" ligamentous tears. Identification of commonly interrupted ligaments in profile by using fluoroscopy after contrast material has been injected may allow identification of specific ligamentous disruptions or short-segment tears, as well as a diagnosis of a specific anatomic abnormality that otherwise would not be possible.

Arthrography↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging of the foot and ankle.

Magnetic resonance imaging enhances the inherent differences in the density of tissues to allow the diagnosis of pedal disorders not readily observed by other diagnostic means. The technique is particularly useful for the evaluation of the nature and extent of soft tissue pathology. In addition, certain osseous and joint disorders, such as osteomyelitis and Sudeck's atrophy, may be detected in their incipient stages.

Ankle↗
PubMed1986

The shoulder impingement syndrome: prevalence of radiographic findings and correlation with response to therapy.

The shoulder impingement syndrome is believed to be caused by compression of the rotator cuff tendons and subacromial bursa between the humeral head and structures that make up the coracoacromial arch. Plain film findings were tabulated for 36 patients, 22-81 years old, who had signs and symptoms of an acute impingement syndrome. The most common radiographic abnormalities were subacromial bony proliferation in 68%, degenerative changes in the greater tuberosity of the humerus in 66%, and degenerative joint disease in the acromioclavicular joint in 66%. There was evidence of calcium deposition in the rotator cuff in 37%, inferiorly oriented acromioclavicular osteophytes in 32%, and degenerative changes of the lesser humeral tuberosity in 29%. The acromiohumeral space was narrowed in only 21%. The radiographic findings were scored blindly and compared to the treatment outcome of 6 weeks of medical therapy. There was no statistically significant correlation between any of the radiographic findings and the response to medical therapy. The results suggest that radiographic findings are extremely common in patients with the acute impingement syndrome, but that they are not useful as prognostic indicators of the short-term response to medical treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Reversed intestinal rotation.

The authors report a case of reversed intestinal rotation and review the embryology, clinical presentation, and radiographic findings of this disorder. Although this developmental anomaly of the bowel is rare, it may be diagnosed by the distinctive position, course, and narrowing of the transverse colon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Computed tomography in planning percutaneous bone biopsy.

Computed tomography (CT) was performed prior to anticipated percutaneous bone biopsy in 19 patients. The CT results were categorized on the basis of how useful they were in prebiopsy planning. In four cases CT was not useful, in four cases it was confirmatory, and in 11 cases it was definitive. CT influenced the choice of biopsy site, needle type, or position in seven of the 11 cases, and it indicated that no biopsy should be performed in four cases. It is concluded that CT is useful in prebiopsy planning and management.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT-directed rib biopsy.

A retrospective review of 11 cases of CT guided rib biopsy is presented. No complications occurred. In 10 of 11 cases open biopsy was averted. In this group the biopsy result is consistent with the remainder of the patients' test results and subsequent clinical course. Our series includes one false-negative biopsy. The true positive and negative biopsy results led to alterations in clinical management in each case. We conclude that CT-directed rib biopsy is a safe and useful procedure in carefully selected patients.

Biopsy, Needle↗