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Biomedical subjects

D Branski

Publications and source records attributed to D Branski.

108 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Antibiotic-resistant mutants of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Sensitivity tests of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to antibiotics were performed with 28 strains to determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antibiotics, the MIC after 14 days' incubation at 37 C, and the minimum plasmacidal concentration. The antibiotics tested were erythromycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol and streptomycin. The MIC of erythromycin was around 0.01 microgram/ml, whereas that of tetracycline was approximately 0.1 microgram/ml. Of the 28 strains tested, nine isolates gave rise to mutants resistant to high concentrations of erythromycin, chloramphenicol and streptomycin; none of the strains produced mutants resistant to tetracycline. Of the nine resistant mutants, three strains were isolated from erythromycin-treated patients. One strain, isolated from a patient treated with erythromycin for 18 days, was resistant to the antibiotic in a concentration greater than 100 microgram/ml.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Effect of postnatal malnutrition on pancreatic zymogen enzymes in the rat.

In order to characterize the response of the pancreas to undernutrition during the critical neonatal growth phase, acquired postnatal malnutrition was induced in the rat, using the expanded litter. An experimental nursing litter of 16 rats and control litters of 7 to 8 rats were formed. At 19 days of age, the pups were killed. Mean pancreatic wet weight was decreased in the malnourished rat to a greater extent than the decrease in total body weight (49 versus 60%). Decreased organ weight was predominantly the result of a decrease in DNA content and cell number. Enzyme activities expressed per total organ were all diminished; lipase to the greatest extent; trypsin and amylase to an intermediate extent; followed by chymotrypsin and the carboxypeptidases. The specific activities of lipase and trypsin were decreased with lipase, the most severely effected. The low trypsin levels can be attributed to trypsin inhibitor. It is possible therefore, that only the specific activity of lipase is significantly decreased. The decrease in enzyme activities, expressed both as specific activities and as total organ activities were decreased in a nonparallel fashion.

Amylases↗
PubMed1979

The effect of early postnatal acquired malnutrition on intestinal growth, disaccharidases and enterokinase.

The effect of undernutrition on rat small intestine during the critical newborn period was studied. A severe state of protein-energy malnutrition was induced by litter expansion which caused the mean total body weight of experimentally malnourished rats to diminish significantly as compared to control animals. Intestinal weight and total DNA were similarly diminished in the malnourished rats. DNA and protein expressed per gram wet tissue showed no significant differences between groups. Retarded intestinal growth in the malnourished animals was the result of reduced cell number. The mean specific activities of sucrase and maltase were diminished in the experimental group, with mean activities being 20 to 50% of controls, respectively. These differences were larger when expressed as total organ activities. On the other hand, specific lactase activity was significantly higher in undernourished rats but total lactase activity per organ was similar in both groups. Enterokinase specific activity or total organ activity was significantly higher in the undernourished rats.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Small intestinal changes in enterocolitis complicating Hirschsprung's disease.

Hirschsprung's disease is one of the more common causes of childhood bowel obstruction. The disease can cause enterocolitis which, untreated, may result in considerable mortality. We describe our evaluation of two infants who suffered from intractable diarrhea of infancy secondary to Hirschsprung's disease. We found that mucosal damage to the small bowel and disaccharidase deficiency are among the most important mechanisms producing this complications. Therefore, management of enterocolitis including parenteral alimentation should proceed as soon as the complication is observed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1977

Propionic acidemia and anorectal anomalies in three siblings.

Three siblings suffering from recurrent vomiting, hypotonia, hyperpnea, dehydration, and ketoacidosis were diagnosed as having ketotic hyperglycinemia secondary to propionic acidemia. They also had leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and two of them had anorectal malformations, one an imperforate anus with rectoperineal fistula, and the other an ectopic anus. The occurrence of propionic acidemia and anorectal anomalies in three siblings out of eight children in a consanguineous marriage suggests an autosomal recessive genetic inheritance.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Kingella kingae endocarditis in a child with hair-cartilage hypoplasia.

Abstract. Kingella kingae is a fastidious Gram-negative rod that since the 1980s has been appreciated as a cause of a variety of human infections, including bone and joint infections, bacteremia, and rarely endocarditis [2, 6, 7, 9]. K. kingae endocarditis is rare, and only a few cases occur in normal, native valves. We report a case of K. kingae endocarditis in a patient with hair-cartilage hypoplasia who had previously undergone bone marrow transplantation. The combination of these rare conditions is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prostaglandins in disorders of the intestinal tract: a review.

Prostaglandins (PGs) are natural oxygenated products of polyunsaturated fatty acids. They have multiple effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Their major physiological roles in the intestine are the promotion of solute and water secretion and the control of bowel motility. Prostaglandins have a role in the pathogenesis of diarrhea in a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal disorders. The effects and the potential contribution of PGs in various gastrointestinal disorders are discussed, and therapeutic modalities in these disorders are reviewed.

Humans↗