Spontaneous jejunal perforation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
D Bowers
Publications and source records attributed to D Bowers.
Obesity and related pregnancy complications in an inner-city clinic.
OBJECTIVE: The study was designed to determine the prevalence of obesity and related pregnancy complications in an inner-city prenatal clinic. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review was conducted of the medical records of 281 women with no chronic diseases and who delivered singleton term babies during a 1-year period. The frequencies of various pregnancy complications, including pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, shoulder dystocia, postpartum hemorrhage, fourth degree laceration, intrauterine growth restriction, and macrosomia, were compared among groups of patients stratified by body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: Thirty-four percent of patients had a reported prepregnancy BMI of > 26 kg/m2. Fifty-two percent of patients were obese (BMI > 26 kg/m2) when they registered for prenatal care, and 82% of patients had a BMI > 26 kg/m2 at the time of delivery. The incidence of birth weights of > 4 kg was significantly higher in women with a registration BMI > 26 kg/m2 (p = 0.026). Most of these macrosomic babies had mothers with a BMI > 29 kg/m2. Patients who required cesarean delivery had significantly higher BMI than those who were delivered vaginally (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Obesity was more common in our inner-city population than has previously been reported and was associated with an increased risk of fetal macrosomia and operative delivery.
Adolescent↗
Recall of three words after five minutes: its relationship to performance on neuropsychological memory tests.
This paper examines the statistical relationship between a memory screening test (recall of three words after 5 minutes, 3W5M) and an extensive battery of neuropsychological memory tests. Subjects were 142 consecutive referrals for neuropsychological examination and were given 3W5M in addition to measures of memory, language, and intelligence. Performance on 3W5M was categorized as either "impaired" or "unimpaired" in a manner consistent with judgement used in clinical settings. Linear discriminant function analysis was used to predict 3W5M performance from neuropsychological test scores. Results indicated that 3W5M was a relatively good screening measure, but that its sensitivity and utility as a measure of memory was significantly influenced by the nature of the neurological disorder. Significantly higher diagnostic accuracy rates were obtained in patient groups with clinically obvious memory impairment (e.g., dementia, pure amnesia) than in groups with less obvious memory impairment (e.g., closed head injury, psychiatric disorders). Implications for clinical memory testing, and for the relationship between screening and battery approaches to assessment, are discussed.
Journal Article↗
Parenteral nutrition for marrow transplant recipients: evaluation of an increased nitrogen dose.
The use of total parenteral nutrition in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients is well recognized. These patients as a result of treatment with chemotherapy and immunosuppressive agents undergo catabolic stress. The metabolic effect of an increased nitrogen dose during total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was studied in 28 BMT patients. Patients were given TPN formulas providing a nitrogen intake of either 267 +/- 44 mg of N/kg/d or 330 +/- 60 mg of N/kg/d. Total calories, nonprotein and protein, were held constant at 40 kcal/kg/d for all patients. Data was collected for three periods posttransplant beginning at 3 days posttransplant through day 16. Both study TPN formulas improved patient weight and TIBC values over baseline. Nitrogen balance (NB) values were not significantly different at any study period. However, an overall group effect favored the H-N formula (p less than 0.01). BMT patients undergo catabolic stress which was reflected by average values of 24-hour urine urea nitrogen increasing from 8.1 +/- 4 g/d at baseline to 19.8 +/- 7.2 g/d at period 3 (p less than 0.01). The H-N formula did not differentially increase blood urea nitrogen or serum creatinine levels. Metabolic cart measures also showed no increase in metabolic rate, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, or percent contribution of protein to total metabolic expenditure. Providing a caloric intake of 40 kcal/kg/d was excessive, where 30 to 35 kcal/kg/d would meet metabolic demands. Pertinent clinical outcomes including length of stay, relapse rate, and survival were monitored, but no conclusions could be drawn in this study. The H-N formula was more effective in reducing loss of lean body mass without causing detrimental metabolic effects in BMT patients.
Adult↗
[Anabolic steroids].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗