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Biomedical subjects

D Bishop

Publications and source records attributed to D Bishop.

114 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
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New polyurethane valves in new soft artificial hearts.

This article describes new bistable valves, and introduces a new soft heart that is easy to implant. Earlier, five polyurethane (PU) valves were implanted in the mitral position in sheep. All five survived for 1 year or more, and the valves, although calcified, were intact. Since the opening resistance was somewhat high, valves that are bistable were developed, which means they may be open or closed. These valves have lower opening resistance, and regurgitation is similar to that of mechanical valves. Eight calves have been implanted with a new, soft total artificial heart (TAH). Seven had bistable leaflet valves; the eighth had mechanical (Bicer) valves in the inflow position. Four of the calves were sacrificed after 22 to 43 days. At autopsy, the number of thromboemboli found, particularly in the kidneys, was low compared with previous experiments. None of these animals received anticoagulants other than the heparin given during heart/lung bypass.

Animals↗
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Depression, anxiety and rheumatoid arthritis activity.

The temporal relationship of rheumatoid arthritis activity and mood has rarely been studied and the findings have been unclear. This study focuses on this problem in a prospective, multiple assessment design. Depression, anxiety, and rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) variables were assessed weekly during hospitalization and monthly for six months after discharge in a sample of 39 patients. Evidence was found for a relationship between depression and increased R.A. activity occurring in association with clinically relevant R.A. related events such as flare-ups leading to hospitalization, improvement resulting from hospitalization, and adjustment after discharge. No evidence was found for relationships between depression, anxiety, and less dramatic changes in R.A. variables occurring during regular weekly in-hospital and monthly post-hospital assessments. The results demonstrate the inadequacy of assessments done at one point in time and also suggest that somatic complaints such as reduced energy, disturbed sleep or poor appetite may be associated as much with depression as R.A. activity.

Adult↗
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5 A Day for better health--nine community research projects to increase fruit and vegetable consumption.

One of the national objectives in "Healthy People 2000" is for members of the public to increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables to five or more servings daily. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) began a nationwide campaign to achieve this objective in 1991. As part of this campaign, the NCI funded nine research studies in 1993. These projects are implementing and evaluating community-based programs designed to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among different segments of the population in Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, and Washington. The settings for these projects include the Special Supplement Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC Programs), churches, worksites, and schools. The projects are led by multidisciplinary teams and entail extensive collaboration among academic, governmental, private sector, and voluntary agencies within each State. The projects represent a model public health paradigm for conducting this type of research.

Diet↗