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Biomedical subjects

D Bergqvist

Publications and source records attributed to D Bergqvist.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The hamster cheek pouch--an experimental model to study postischemic macromolecular permeability.

In order to study permeability changes after local ischemia the cheek pouch of the hamster was everted for intravital microscopy. Macromolecular permeability was quantified as leakage of fluoroscein labelled dextran (Mw 70,000). Temporary ischemia with total circulatory arrest of the whole cheek pouch was obtained by a cuff mounted around the everted cheek pouch where it leaves the mouth of the hamster. At reperfusion after repeated ischemic periods of 5 min no leaks were seen. A prolongation of the ischemic period to 30 min resulted in a temporary increase in the number of postcapillary venular leaks. When the occlusion was repeated the response was significantly smaller. An occlusion period of 60 min gave no further increase in macromolecular permeability. Locally applied histamine was used to test the reactivity of the cheek pouch. It was concluded that the model is suited for studies of permeability increase after local ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Prevention of thrombosis after hip fracture surgery. Comparison of dextran 70 with and without dihydroergotamine.

The efficacy of dextran 70 with or without dihydroergotamine as prophylaxis against deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was tested prospectively in a randomized series of 65 patients with fracture of the hip. Diagnostic evaluation was made with bilateral ascending phlebography on postoperative day 7. In the dextran 70 group, 5 of the 27 phlebographically studied patients had DVT, an incidence not significantly different from the 10 DVT among 28 patients given dextran 70 + dihydroergotamine. Bleeding complications showed no intergroup difference. The study did not confirm a beneficial effect of dextran 70 in combination with dihydroergotamine as compared with dextran alone in regard to thrombotic complications after surgery for hip fracture.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of a narcotic (oxicone) and a non-narcotic anti-inflammatory analgesic (indoprofen) in the treatment of renal colic.

Intravenous indoprofen (400 mg), a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, was compared with intramuscular oxicodone hydrochloride (= oxicone 10 mg), a narcotic analgesic agent, in regard to efficacy and side effects in the treatment of renal colic. Oxicone was combined with papaverine (20 mg). Patients were randomized to either treatment, and the drugs were given in double-dummy fashion, i.e. one injection of active drug plus one placebo injection. Pain intensity before and after treatment was registered by the patient (visual analog scale) and by a nurse, who also registered side effects. Oxicone was given to 46 patients and indoprofen to 48. The groups did not differ in body weight, age, sex distribution, or pretreatment intensity of pain. More patients required additional treatment in the oxicone than in the indoprofen group (19 v. 10). At 2-5 min after injection, pain reduction was greater with indoprofen, and more patients in this group had pain relief after 3-5 hours. Side effects were less frequent with indoprofen than with oxicone (1 v. 20 patients), in particular from the central nervous system. This difference probably was related to indoprofen's slow and poor penetration of the blood-brain barrier. The study affirmed that non-narcotic cyclooxygenase inhibitors can replace narcotic analgesics for acute pain alleviation in renal colic. Indoprofen seems to be a useful alternative, with low risk of central nervous side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Reoperation for postoperative haemorrhagic complications. Analysis of a 10-year series.

All 527 postoperative haemorrhagic complications requiring reoperation from 1971 through 1980 were retrospectively analyzed. These operations constituted 1.2% of the total performed. Gastric resection, mastectomy and thyroid/parathyroid surgery showed significantly higher than average incidence of bleeding complications. No previously unknown cases of bleeding diathesis were detected. Drain was used in 34.5% of the primary operations, but rarely contributed to diagnosis of bleeding and did not reduce delay before reoperation. Shock or preshock was present in 15% of the patients. No source of haemorrhage was detected at 14% of the reoperations. Complications of various types were associated with 13% of the reoperations, with rebleeding and infectious conditions predominant. Complications of reoperation significantly prolonged the hospital stay, but did not raise the mortality rate. Mortality, however, was significantly higher after the reoperations than after the total primary operations during the study period (5.3 vs. 2.7%). Patients who had undergone arterial surgery were analyzed in more detail. There were 1.6% reoperations in this group. The bleeding emanated from anastomosis or arterial suture in only half of these cases and was then of two types--early, from technical causes or delayed, caused by infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

In vivo evaluation of the acute thrombogenicity of the modified human umbilical vein and autologous artery.

With the aim to evaluate acute thrombogenicity, segments of human umbilical vein grafts (Dardik Biograft, Meadox Medicals, Inc., Oakland, N.J.), nonheparinized, heparin-alcohol-treated, or covalently heparinized, were implanted into the carotid arteries of sheep. Autologous carotid arteries were used as control grafts. Flow was restricted to 25 ml/min. Accumulation of autologous 32P-labeled platelets was registered at both anastomotic and midgraft regions for 240 minutes. At the end of the perfusion period, grafts were removed, opened longitudinally, and the thrombus-free surface (TFS) and thrombus weight determined. The ex vivo determinations showed good correlation with results obtained with in vivo registration. In vivo accumulation of platelets was significantly larger in nonheparinized human umbilical vein grafts compared with heparin-alcohol treated grafts. Covalently heparinized grafts showed a tendency toward lower radioactive values, but visual examination after perfusion revealed areas of "intimal" damage with thrombotic deposits, probably caused by heparinization procedure. Autologous arteries showed the largest TFS and the smallest thrombi. Platelet accumulation in autologous arteries decreased almost to reference values after an initial rapid increase. In conclusion, heparin-alcohol treatment of human umbilical vein grafts reduces acute thrombogenicity. Although covalent heparin bonding seems to act in the same way, the fragility of the graft appears to preclude use of this method. Autologous arteries exhibit excellent antithrombotic characteristics.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Thrombosis in the superior mesenteric artery simulating acute pancreatitis. A case report.

A case of thrombosis in the superior mesenteric artery simulating acute pancreatitis, but causing intestinal gangrene, is described. The possibility of other simulating diseases must always be considered when non-operative peritoneal lavage is used as a treatment of acute pancreatitis. Bacteriological examination of the peritoneal fluid might be beneficial. Laparotomy is indicated when there is a marked discrepancy between the general condition of the patient and the objective clinical signs of pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Late mortality and morbidity after arterial reconstruction: the influence of arteriosclerosis in popliteal artery trifurcation.

Mortality and the incidence of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular lesion have been retrospectively analyzed in patients who have survived 30 days after lower limb vascular reconstruction. These events have been related to the extent of arteriosclerotic lesions in the trifurcation of the popliteal artery (trifurcational disease, TFD) in 368 patients treated consecutively. One hundred fifty-five patients underwent aortoiliac reconstruction, 229 had femorodistal bypass, and 16 underwent both procedures. The median follow-up period was 4.4 years. The mortality rate in male and female patients was increased compared with the expected mortality. This increase was found both in patients with and without TFD. In patients having TFD the mortality was 2.0 times higher than in patients who did not have TFD (p less than 0.001). The difference in the mortality rate persisted after correction for the influence of age, sex, and diabetes mellitus. The higher mortality rate in patients who had TFD was most marked early in the postoperative period and was mainly caused by myocardial infarction. The incidence of myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular events was significantly increased in patients who had TFD compared with those who did not, particularly in the early postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cranial nerve injuries associated with carotid endarterectomy. A prospective study.

To determine the incidence and nature of cranial nerve damage in connection with carotid artery surgery, 139 patients were studied before and after 162 operations. Nerve damage was detected in association with 19.8% of the operations. The hypoglossal nerve was most commonly affected. The injuries were of benign character and usually resolved within 4 to 6 weeks. Apart from damage to the great auricular nerve, all lesions resolved within 5 months. The incidence of nerve disturbance was greater than that found in a retrospective study from the same hospital. Gentleness of technique is important in carotid artery surgery, in order to avoid nerve damage.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMed1985

Ischemic intestinal complications after aortic reconstructive surgery.

The cases of bowel ischemia following aortoiliac reconstructive surgery during a 5-year period were analyzed. The incidence of the complication was 1.5%. Two of the six patients had ischemia of both small and large bowel. The various secondary operations are described. Three of the patients died. A characteristic and consistent finding was profound thrombocytopenia, which was significantly more pronounced than in a control series. The pathogenesis is multifactorial.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Reconstruction of the external carotid artery.

Reconstruction of a stenotic external carotid artery associated with occlusion of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery is described in four cases. In two of them there was also a significant stump of internal carotid artery following the occlusion, and the stump was oversewn at the reconstructive operation. All four patients improved after the operation. Two still required medication which, however, had been ineffective preoperatively but now was beneficial. Reconstruction of the external carotid artery is indicated in patients with ipsilateral occlusion of the internal carotid artery and symptoms of artery-to-artery embolization.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

In vitro evaluation of a biologic graft surface. Effect of treatment with conventional and low molecular weight (LMW) heparin.

Human umbilical vein grafts were treated with either conventional or LMW heparin, followed by exposure to alcohol. The grafts were investigated for their ability to adsorb and inactivate thrombin, and comparison was made with non-heparinized and saline-alcohol treated grafts and grafts supplied with a covalently bonded layer of conventional heparin. In addition, the effect of protamine exposure to heparin-alcohol and LMW heparin-alcohol treated grafts as well as native human umbilical veins (HUV) was studied. Native HUV and heparin treated graft surfaces adsorbed and inactivated thrombin, whereas non-heparinized and saline-alcohol treated grafts inactivated surface-bound thrombin to only a small degree. Surface-bound LMW heparin exhibited a significantly lower ability to inactivate thrombin as compared with conventional heparin, but LMW heparin-alcohol surfaces were better than non-heparinized ones. Protamine treatment of "heparinized" surfaces impaired the thrombin inhibiting ability of the heparin-alcohol surface, whereas this property was totally abolished for the LMW heparin-alcohol surface. The findings indicate that LMW heparin, despite its weaker thrombin inhibiting capacity, may be an alternative to conventional heparin, for "heparinizing" the human umbilical vein graft. Protamine exposure may be potentially harmful for a heparin treated surface, although protamine concentrations used in the present in vitro study may not be reached in vivo. The native HUV was not at all affected by protamine exposure regarding its ability to inactivate thrombin.

Heparin↗