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Biomedical subjects

D Baumann

Publications and source records attributed to D Baumann.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

In vivo regulation of apolipoprotein A-I gene expression by estradiol and testosterone occurs by different mechanisms in inbred strains of mice.

We tested the hypothesis that testosterone and estrogen modulate apoA-I gene expression and metabolism by different mechanisms that may be influenced by genetic factors. Male and female C3H/HeJ (atherosclerosis-resistant) and C57BL/6J (atherosclerosis-susceptible) mice (n = 5/group) were castrated (Placebo). Castrates were given 17 beta-estradiol (E2) at 0.16 microgram/g (E2L) or 5 micrograms/g (E2H) body weight per day, or testosterone (Testo) 1 microgram/g per day, 14 days after surgery, for 14 days. Plasma total cholesterol concentrations (TC) were higher in male Placebo mice than in females. Testosterone altered TC and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by gender and strain; however (HDL-C)/TC ratios and apoA-I concentrations were unaltered. Testosterone did reduce HDL particle diameters in both genders of C3H mice only. Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)/TC ratios remained constant and apoB increased in males only. E2L and E2H decreased TC, HDL-C/TC ratios, and apoA-I. Decrements varied by strain. HDL diameters decreased in both genders in C3H mice only; however, HDL size distributions were altered in both strains. LDL-C/TC ratios increased in all groups. E2L mice showed variable responses of apoB, but apoB rose uniformly in all E2H groups. Testosterone increased and E2H decreased hepatic apoA-I synthesis. ApoA-I mRNA concentrations remained stable in both Testo and E2 groups. ApoA-I gene transcription varied by strain and gender, but all changes were less than twofold. Testosterone did not affect hepatic apoB or LDL receptor mRNA, however, E2H increased both mRNAs in males but not in females. On Western blotting of liver membranes, E2H had little effect on mouse LDL receptor protein mass; by contrast, E2H increased LDL receptor approximately threefold in rats. In summary, responsiveness of mouse lipids to testosterone and E2 vary by strain and gender. Testosterone and E2 differ in their regulation of apoA-I production mainly at the level of translation. Hormones operate at several levels of gene regulation, suggesting that complex mechanisms are involved. Mice differ from rats and rabbits in their LDL receptor responsiveness to estradiol treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Knowledge and ability of patients concerning the administration of nasal drops].

The study tried to find out what patients know on the application of nose drops when leaving the pharmacy. As could be shown knowledge and ability were not satisfying. Two third of the patients applied their nose drops in a correct single dose but in too long intervals. Almost the half did not know the correct technique of application. Only 2% of the patients mentioned the pharmacist as source of their information. The results require a more effective information about the application of drugs by the pharmaceutical staff.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1990

[Rare type of metastases in progressive cervix carcinoma].

There are demonstrated two cases of advanced cervical carcinoma with unusual localization of metastases. One patient showed a scalp metastasis and the other one had a ulcerated inguinal lymph node metastasis. X-ray therapy caused a sufficient remission of the metastatic tumors.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1989

[The determination of the information potential of characterization of drug preparations].

The quantum of information on safe and effective application of pharmaceutical preparations is experiential different. The differences can be shown better by pictograms than by words. The measure of informations can be weighted accordingly of the usefulness and the decisive situation on delivery the drugs. The quantified results taken from the sortiments of the GDR and CSSR for 30% of all drugs and especially for 12 indications groups are very high. Preparations can be ranked according their "informational potentials" (IPAFW). The determination of IPAFW gives a new look on rank of pharmaceutical preparations on the pharmacy service.

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1988

[Urachal abscess without pathologic changes in the extra-abdominal navel in a cow. Case report].

A rarely diagnosed case of urachal abscessation without any signs of inflammation of the extra-abdominal navel in a seven-month-old Braunvieh heifer is described. The symptoms of this disease, its diagnosis by the means of ultrasonographic examination and its therapy are explained. The technique of ultrasonographic examination is supposed to be a facilitation of presurgical diagnosis of umbilical disease. Nevertheless the value of this diagnostic procedure should be checked up on more patients.

Abscess↗
PubMed1987

A double-antibody sandwich ELISA for the detection of Entamoeba histolytica antigen in stool samples of humans.

A double-antibody sandwich ELISA was developed to detect detergent-solubilized antigens of Entamoeba histolytica in stool samples of humans. The test system was evaluated for its methodical and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. In recovery experiments the lower limit of detection was 400 ng E. histolytica (HK9) protein/ml stool, corresponding to approximately 2000 amoebic trophozoites/ml stool. Samples of 97 patients with suspected intestinal amoebiasis were examined. Specific antigens were detected by ELISA (= positive reaction) in 14 (93%) out of 15 stool samples containing trophozoites of E. histolytica. In contrast, 68 (93%) of 73 samples with other protozoa, including Entamoeba coli, E. hartmanni, Endolimax nana, Iodamoeba buetschlii and Giardia lamblia, did not react in the test system (= negative reaction). The test was shown to detect only trophozoites of E. histolytica and not the cyst stage. This fact could facilitate the differentiation between cyst carriers and persons excreting trophozoites. The results of this preliminary study justify a further large scale evaluation of the test system.

Antigens, Protozoan↗
PubMed1984

[The quantification of drug information].

The necessary intensification of the information activity in the pharmacy service raises the question of the demand of each drug on the pharmacist as regards its information volume. The wealth of information on the application of drugs necessitates their differentiation and systematization. One differentiates between basic and additional information. On determining the frequency of occurrence of 21 pieces of additional information concerning 1321 pharmaceutical preparations, the mean information content according to Shannon [17] is calculated. The quantified results determine drug information as a statistical quantity from which their semantics for the receiver (user of the drug) must be abstracted. To consider the aspects concerning the contents and function of additional information, the weighting coefficients of 85 drug groups were calculated (by means of the triangular matrix method), and introduced. It is suggested to combine the numerical values of the statistically defined amounts of information with the quantities deduced from the meaningfulness in a parameter of the informational potential (IP) of pharmaceutical preparations. Finally, the authors convey their ideas of the benefit from, and the possible uses of, the IP.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMed1983

[Degree of gratification of needs in the use of drugs].

Studies aiming at determining the degree of satisfaction of needs in drug application are hindered by the fact that a clear-cut differentiation between the portions of drugs and the portions of counselling and of care during the process of satisfaction of needs is very problematic. The satisfaction of needs by prophylactic agents can be deduced from the ratio between the number of diseases for which a group of patients had been treated prophylactically and the number of diseases in an untreated control group. As to therapeutic agents, the decision on the satisfaction of needs depends, due to biological action limits of the pharmacon, on the extent at which the therapeutic accomplishment corresponds to the goal of needs. Goals of needs are defined, and evaluation criteria are established. The goals and the criteria are quantified using rank classifications and scales for grading. A model experiment confirms that it is possible --to evaluate the respective drug from the aspect of therapeutic accomplishment; --to determine the degree of satisfaction of needs by conforming to limiting guide values; and --to compare different drugs as to the satisfaction of needs by them.

Drug Therapy↗
PubMed1981

[Incidence of female gonorrhoea in relationship with inflammatory gynaecological diseases - verification from cultures (author's transl)].

Gonorrhoea was detected in 7.3 per cent of 423 patients with gynaecological inflammations. Positive findings were recorded from 8.5 per cent of 248 patients with adnexitis and 6.9 per cent of 130 patients with fluor. However, gonorrhoea incidence among 31 patients with pointed condyloma was as low as 3.2 per cent. These findings were found to differ drastically from the data so far obtained from the common approach of microscopic diagnosis by which hardly any positive detection of gonococci had been recordable from gynaecological out-patients over the years. The present considerable rise in positive findings has resulted only from the use of a modified transport medium, according to Stuart, which proved to be highly applicable to gynaecological practice. With the authors' patients, the new approach showed the presence of gonorrhoea in one of 14 patients with inflammatory gynaecological processes. Against the background of the present epidemiological situation, verification of gonococci from cultures should be made an integral component of gynaecological routine checks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Long-term results following synovectomy of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

Late synovectomy of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis is considered by many authors as a positive influencing factor with regard to the local development of the disease at that particular site. Since this assumption is based on evaluation criteria which are by no means uniform, it has so far not been possible to compare the individual results achieved by different authors. For this reason, we conducted follow-up examinations of 57 knee joints in 44 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in whom the synovectomy had occurred at least five years ago, using the standardised follow-up scheme devised by Gschwent et al. Most of these cases represented a late synovectomy, as was evident from the duration of the disease and from Steinbrocker's stages. An analysis of the results showed that in our patients, pain and swelling were most impressively improved, in accordance with the reports made by other authors. Less impressive was the improvement of mobility following synovectomy. Despite increasing instability, it was usually possible to improve the ability of the patients to walk, especially in cases where this ability had been severely restricted. X-ray films showed in almost one-half of the cases that the objective finding had deteriorated, whereas in the other half of the patients the status was largely unchanged or even improved. We can sum up these results by stating that, taking into consideration the comparable results published in the literature regarding late synovectomy of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis, a positive influence exercised by late synovectomy on the local pathology can be assumed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Echography of knee joint cysts (author's transl)].

Because of a palpable swelling, 57 popliteal fossae were examined echographically. In 24 cases, the echography revealed a probable Baker's cyst. This diagnosis was confirmed by arthrography or at operation in 21 of the 24 cases. Two of the three findings which did not correspond were due to over-interpretation of the echographic picture and can be avoided in future by giving particular intention to the sound intensity. The causes of the discrepancy in the third case are still undetermined. These results show that echography is suitable for the discovery and assessment of Baker's cysts and should be used first as a non-invasive, painless, rapidly reproducible method.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1977

[Osteosynthesis with hinge joints and methylmethacrylate (author's transl)].

Six cases have been described where an osteosynthesis was performed using the stem of a hinge knee joint in combination with methylmethacrylate and other osteosynthetic devices (screws, wires). Need for an osteosynthesis existed because of pseudarthrosis after supracondylar and high tibial osteotomies, intraoperative fracture for implantation of a total knee, reimplantation after deep infection, and fatigue fracture after a total knee. The advantage of the procedure lies in early mobilisation and weight bearing. We do not believe in reimplantation after an infected prosthesis. Instead, we recommend fusion after implant removal.

Aged↗