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Biomedical subjects

D B Rosenfield

Publications and source records attributed to D B Rosenfield.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Stuttering induced by theophylline.

We retrospectively evaluated three fluent asthmatic children who developed speech dysfluency following administration of theophylline. The dysfluency ceased in all three, following discontinuation of the medication. The medication was re-instituted in two patients, prompting return of dysfluency. It is unknown whether the patients had characteristics of "acquired stuttering" or "developmental stuttering." We urge appropriate testing should this complication again occur. This might then provide pharmacologic information regarding stuttering.

Asthma↗
PubMed1992

A model of the phonatory response time of stutterers and fluent speakers to frequency-modulated tones.

Stutterers and fluent speakers tracked frequency-modulated tones by humming. The response time (RT) to the first corrective change in fundamental frequency in response to linear ramps of increasing and decreasing frequency was measured. The results demonstrate that RT is a function of the stimulus ramp velocity. A model of this dependency is provided which consists of parameters of threshold frequency and a fixed time delay. The estimated threshold frequency for the fluent speakers is 2.029 Hz with 95% confidence interval: (1.70 Hz, 2.35 Hz) whereas that of the stutterers is 3.937 Hz (3.28 Hz, 4.60 Hz). These threshold frequencies are significantly different (p < 0.0001). This implies that stutterers are slower to respond to changes in frequency than are fluent speakers. The fixed time delays for the two groups are not significantly different. This means that it is possible for the stutterers to respond as fast as the fluent speakers (i.e., their basic "reflexes" are the same); however, they spend more time in the detection of the change in a tracking signal. This supports the model of the stuttered event as being triggered by an instability in a multiloop speech motor control system.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Neurologic aspects of spasmodic dysphonia.

We discuss the etiology of 100 spasmodic dysphonia patients. Seventy-one patients had underlying essential tremor, 25 had Meige's syndrome, 12 were hypothyroid, and 27 had either a functional disturbance or focal dystonia. Six patients had intermittent breathy dysphonia. A large corpus of spasmodic dysphonia patients have organic neurolaryngeal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Physician referral patterns for stutterers.

Many children who stutter initially seek guidance from their pediatricians. Pediatricians often do not refer stutterers for speech therapy. We present a brief analysis of pediatricians' views regarding stuttering, as well as their exposure to patients who stutter. We present a practical approach to children who stutter.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMed1989

Stuttering.

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Attitude↗
PubMed1984

The role of electromyography in clinical laryngology.

Laryngeal electromyography (EMG) has been used primarily as a research tool with only limited application to clinical practice. We have performed laryngeal EMG in a clinical research setting for over 2 years and have found it a valuable adjunct in selected situations. The electrophysiology and technique of laryngeal EMG are reviewed. Laryngeal EMG is the most accurate method of determining compromise of the superior laryngeal nerve. It is valuable in evaluating patients with mechanical fixation of the vocal cords. The eventual outcome of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis may also be predicted in certain patients. Laryngeal EMG is safe, easy to perform, and should be considered when evaluating the patient with laryngeal dysfunction.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Stuttering.

Stuttering has been with us throughout time. It is global, pan-cultural, and is noted in all languages. Of the adult population, 1-2% stutter; 4% of children stutter. Any theory purporting to explain stuttering must explain the co-contraction of laryngeal agonist and antagonists, genetic findings of stuttering, the male sexual bias, and the fluency evoking paradigms of singing, speaking while inhaling, white noise, and delayed auditory feedback. This paper presents a neuro-laryngeal analysis of stuttering that attempts to correlate these phenomena. Various neurophysiologic mechanisms of cerebral/laryngeal/auditory systems will be discussed.

Auditory Pathways↗
PubMed1982

Morphologic and histochemical characteristics of laryngeal muscle.

Laryngeal muscle (LM) is highly specialized for phonation and sphincter activity. We queried whether this specialization is reflected in the structure of LM. We examined, using histochemical techniques, the structure of five LM from three men who died suddenly and who had no evidence of laryngeal disease. Compared with nonlaryngeal skeletal muscle, our specimens demonstrated moderate fibrosis, rounding of fibers, basophilia, and ragged red fibers that were shown to be mitochondria. In general, LM fibers are smaller, have more variability in size, and contain a greater percentage of histochemically type 1 fibers than limb skeletal muscles. These differences suggest that theories of motor control derived from studies of limb skeletal muscles may not apply to LM.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1982

Stuttering.

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Adult↗
PubMed1978

Prevalence of stuttering.

The prevalence of stuttering in a university population was 2.1%; 3.4% were former stutterers. More men than women stuttered. Right handed female stutterers were less likely to have "lost" their stutter than were right handed males. Stutterers, past stutterers, and questionable stutterers all had a family history of stuttering. The significant prevalence of stuttering, the increased prevalence among males, the lack of a decline of this disorder over the past few decades despite the increased number of speech clinicians and data concerning handedness, emphasise the need to investigate organic causes of stuttering.

Adult↗