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Biomedical subjects

D B Double

Publications and source records attributed to D B Double.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Lithium revisited.

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Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1995

Unblinding in trials of the withdrawal of anticholinergic agents in patients maintained on neuroleptics.

The reason for the wide variation in relapse rates in trials of the withdrawal of anticholinergic agents in patients maintained on neuroleptics is unclear and could be due to bias introduced through unblinding. Forced-choice guesses of whether patients had been receiving active or placebo medication were made in a clinical trial. Correctness of guessing was correlated with measures of Parkinsonism. Raters' guesses were better than chance expectation and correlated with ratings of Parkinsonism. Nurses' guesses correlated with their own global measure of side effects but not with raters' measures. Patients' guesses were no better than chance. Unblinding of raters is a significant factor in anticholinergic withdrawal studies and preconceived notions of the value of anticholinergics could therefore be affecting the results of trials, helping to produce the wide variation in relapse rates.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1993

The concordance of operational criteria for mania and schizoaffective mania.

Indices of agreement of six definitions of mania and four definitions of schizoaffective mania were calculated in a series of 81 manically disturbed patients. In particular, the concordance of the manic triad definition of overactivity, pressure of speech, and manic mood with stricter definitions was measured. The agreement among criteria was generally low for mania and even lower for schizoaffective mania. Although the manic triad definition diagnoses a wider range of patients, its coverage is less than might be expected from the small number of symptoms included in the definition. Tighter constructs of mania generally do not seem much more valid.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Efficacy of maintenance use of anticholinergic agents.

Twenty-seven long-term psychiatric inpatients maintained on neuroleptics with concomitant antiparkinsonian medication were entered into a study in which anticholinergic medication was gradually withdrawn in a randomized double-blind within-subjects design. The extrapyramidal symptoms of each patient were compared when taking their usual anticholinergic medication, when taking placebo and when taking no antiparkinsonian drug. The relapse rate on no medication was 14%, and if patients relapsed on no medication they also relapsed on placebo. The relapse rate was not significantly different on active medication. Nor were there significant differences in ratings of parkinsonism or dyskinesia. The lack of difference between double-blind and overt withdrawal does not mean that studies that find a much higher relapse rate are necessarily unaffected by nonspecific factors, as significant unblinding may occur in clinical trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The factor structure of manic rating scales.

Separate factor analyses were performed on interview and ward behaviour ratings of 81 manically disturbed patients. The principal components analyses produced a dimensions of manic disturbance separating elation from aggressiveness. For the interview scale the rotated factors were (a) thought disturbance, (b) overactive and aggressive behaviour and (c) elevated mood and vegetative symptoms. For the ward behaviour scale the rotated factors were (a) motor and speech disturbance, (b) aggressiveness and (c) unrealistic expansiveness of mood.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Britain's path.

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Deinstitutionalization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A cluster analysis of manic states.

A cluster analysis was performed on 81 manically disturbed patients assessed at interview on items of manic symptomatology and general psychopathology. Four groups were obtained: (1) a mildly excited group, (2) a group characterized by elation and speech disturbance, (3) a small severely disturbed excited group, more schizophrenic than manic, and (4) a group characterized by aggressive overactivity.

Aggression↗