Thirty elite tennis players were randomly assigned to three groups to evaluate shoulder isokinetic internal and external rotation training: an isokinetic concentric group, an isokinetic eccentric group, and a control group with no training. Subjects were tested before and after training both concentrically and eccentrically using an isokinetic dynamometer. Functional output before and after training was assessed by the average and peak velocity of six maximal serves. The effect of training on serve velocity endurance was also assessed. Statistically significant concentric and eccentric strength gains (11%) were obtained in both training groups when compared with controls (decreased total average strain of 2%) (P < 0.0004). Serve velocity increased by greater than 11% in both training groups, which was a significant increase from the average of 1% in the control group (P < 0.0001). In the endurance study, training group subjects displayed a tendency to maintain their serve velocity (loss of approximately 2%) greater than controls (loss of 6.4%) (P < 0.05). Isokinetic training led to increases in objective and functional output in elite tennis players. This training regimen may have significance in the final stages of the rehabilitation of injured shoulders as well as in improved performance and reduced injury risk.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Upper extremity physical factors affecting tennis serve velocity.

Forty tournament-level tennis players with expert serve technique volunteered to have their serve evaluated to determine relationships between anthropometric data, extremity strength, and functional serve velocity. All players underwent a complete physical examination, a video taped serve analysis, a radar measurement of serve velocity, and a series of upper extremity strength measurements. Statistical analysis was performed to determine which factors were related to serve velocity. Statistically significant relationships were found between serve velocity and several flexibility measurements including increased dominant wrist flexion (P < 0.05), increased dominant shoulder flexion (P < 0.05), and increased dominant shoulder internal rotation at 0 degrees of abduction (P < 0.05). Several strength measurements were also related to serve velocity including elbow extension torque production (P < 0.01) and the ratios of internal to external rotational torque production for both low- and high-speed measurements (P < 0.01 concentrically and P < 0.05 eccentrically). These findings relate strength and flexibility to serve velocity, suggesting that it may be possible to increase a tennis player's serve velocity through specifically directed muscular strengthening or stretching regimens. However, prospective studies must be undertaken to demonstrate these possibilities.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Transcatheter therapy in angiography: indications, techniques, and illustrations.

This paper reports the history, methods,and indications currently accepted for transcatheter management of two distinct pathologic states. Reported are numerous cases from available literature and five cases from our own experience, supported by illustrations from angiography performed in this institution. It is hoped that the technologist has gained an understanding of the indications and methods for performing transcatheter therapies and that the growing interest in this adaptation of radiologic capabilities will serve to enhance the technologist's scope of operation as a member of the health-care team. The future of diagnostic angiography cannot be predicted, pending full evaluation and implementation of the rapid advances in other diagnostic modalities. The future of transcatheter therapeutic measures, however, appears worthy of continued vigorous investigation.

Aged↗