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Biomedical subjects

D Arthur

Publications and source records attributed to D Arthur.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Lymphoblastic transformation of myelodysplastic syndrome.

Acute myeloblastic leukemia occurs as a complication of myelodysplastic syndromes, but the appearance of an acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has only been reported once. We describe a case in which lymphoblastic transformation occurred in the setting of a dysmyelopoietic syndrome. This leukemia was characterized by lymphoid morphology, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) positivity, cytogenetic abnormalities, and immunoglobulin gene rearrangements. The patient responded to conventional therapy for this leukemia (vincristine and prednisone). Our case supports the hypothesis of a common lymphohemopoietic progenitor and suggests that in vitro tests may help identify a subset of these patients and be important in selecting appropriate therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Malpractice reform: what will it take to patch up the system. Interview by James E. Orlikoff.

Numerous economic, legal, and human variables are entangled in the current malpractice crisis. To help governing boards gain perspective on the malpractice situation, James Orlikoff, program director in the American Hospital Association's division of hospital governance, recently spoke with four experts who are familiar with the different areas involved in the crisis: Dixie Arthur, vice-president, Health Providers Insurance Corp.; Richard Epstein, senior vice-president and general counsel, American Hospital Association; James Hughes, partner, Bricker and Eckler, Columbus, OH, and general counsel to the Ohio Hospital Insurance Co.; and William Robinson, AHA senior vice-president and president, Health Provider Insurance Co.

Governing Board↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of detection of oligoclonal immunoglobulin G bands in cerebrospinal fluid specimens by Coomassie blue and silver stains.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from 45 clinically definite MS patients were studied for the presence of oligoclonal IgG bands by sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The protein bands were identified by Coomassie blue (CB) dye and silver staining. Thirteen patients showed no bands in their CSF by the CB method. Nine of these 13 patients showed presence of bands by silver staining alone. Thirty-two patients showed more than two bands in their CSF by either technique, and 28 of the 32 patients showed from one to five additional bands by silver staining compared to Coomassie blue staining. The silver staining method was thus more sensitive in identification of oligoclonal bands in CSF.

Clone Cells↗
PubMed1981

Chromosomal abnormalities in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Chromosome abnormalities in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and their possible clinical significance are briefly reviewed based upon the literature and 60 cases studied at the University of Minnesota. Almost all cases of ALL appear to demonstrate clonal abnormalities; the major abnormal clone is usually hyperdiploid or pseudodiploid. Among cases of non-T, non-B ALL, at least four translocations appear to be present with an increased frequency: t(9;22); t(4;11); t(11;14); and t(1;3). Patients with these translocations appear to have unique clinical and laboratory findings. Although the presence of abnormal clones does not seem to influence remission duration, the nature of the abnormality does. Patients whose leukemias demonstrate predominantly a pseudodiploid abnormal clone or a translocation have significantly shorter first remissions. Most importantly, among patients with non-T, non-B ALL, the presence or absence of translocations may separate poor responders from good responders.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Mitomycin C test for diagnostic differentiation of idiopathic aplastic anemia and Fanconi anemia.

A cytogenetic test was developed to enable the diagnostic differentiation between Fanconi anemia and the group of disorders classified as "idiopathic" aplastic anemia. The method is based on the effect of the bifunctional alkylating agent mitomycin C (MMC) on chromosomes of peripheral lymphocytes in culture 92 to 96 hours. At the highest concentration of 80 ng/ml of MMC, about a 50-fold increase of chromosomal breaks and a 200-fold increase of radial figures was observed in Fanconi anemia lymphocytes in comparison with the average values for aplastic anemia cells or cells of healthy control subjects. In addition, sister chromatoid exchange analysis of cells treated with MMC demonstrated a marked inhibition of mitotic activity of lymphocytes of patients with increased sensitivity to MMC. It is advocated that the MMC-stress test should be used in each case of pancytopenia, as part of the therapy planning. The cytoreduction regimens used prior to bone marrow transplantation may produce lethal complications in patients with high clastogenic response to MMC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Dystrophic myodegeneration in adult horses.

Five horses with histories of colic developed signs of myocardial failure and skeletal muscle disease. Necropsy revealed pale areas in the cervical, pectoral, pelvic, and cardiac musculature; histologically, the lesions were indicative of dystrophic myodegeneration. Serum vitamin E concentrations were normal in 2 of the horses but serum selenium concentrations were normal in 2 of the horses, but serum selenium concentrations were low when compared with values obtained from clinically normal horses.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The site of zinc absorption in the rat small intestine (38481).

Rats fed a zinc-adequate diet exhibited a nonuniform distribution of zinc in the small intestine. The zinc content of zinc-deficient rat small intestine was reduced, particularly in the duodenum and distal ileum. It is possible that the difference in the intestinal zinc content may reflect the rate of zinc absorption in the tissue. Uptake of 65-Zn by intestinal segments in vitro showed that the pattern of absorption obtained is dependent upon the parameters used for quantitation. This observation could account for the variation between the results obtained by different experimental methods of determining the site and rate of absorption of the nutrient.

Animals↗