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Biomedical subjects

D Anagnostou

Publications and source records attributed to D Anagnostou.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Analysis of mammosomatotropic cells in normal and neoplastic human pituitary tissues by the reverse hemolytic plaque assay and immunocytochemistry.

The reverse hemolytic plaque assay (RHPA) was used to study hormone release from cultured normal and neoplastic human pituitary cells. The RHPA revealed a lower percentage of GH- and PRL-producing cells in normal and neoplastic pituitaries compared to the percentage of these cells revealed by immunocytochemical (ICC) staining for GH and PRL. Normal pituitary tissues as well as some PRL- or GH-producing adenomas contained large numbers of mammosomatotropic (MS) cells when analyzed by RHPA, combined RHPA-ICC, and ultrastructural immunohistochemistry with immunogold labeling. The percentage of GH and PRL cells in normal pituitaries ranged from 37-51% and 30-60%, respectively, by RHPA, while the percentage of MS cells ranged from 29-49%. The percentage of GH and PRL cells in normal pituitaries estimated by ICC ranged from 53-65% and 32-55%, respectively, while the percentage of MS cells estimated with this technique ranged from 26-50%. Double labeling with the immunogold technique detected GH and PRL in the same cells and within the same granules in both normal and neoplastic pituitary cells. These results indicate that MS cells are present in normal human pituitaries as well as in some pituitary adenomas, and in some pituitaries these two hormones are stored within the same secretory granules.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1988

Dopamine receptors in immunohistochemically characterized null cell adenomas and normal human pituitaries.

Dopamine receptors were analyzed in plasma membranes from five null cell adenomas and five normal human pituitary tissues by [3H]spiperone binding. One prolactin (PRL)-producing, one growth hormone (GH)-producing, and an adrenocorticotropic (ACTH)-producing adenoma were also analyzed for dopamine receptors. Immunohistochemical staining showed that all null cell adenomas were positive for chromogranin A, while 20 to 30% of cells in each normal pituitary stained for this marker. The dissociation constant (Kd) and maximal binding capacity (Bmax) were 1.07 +/- 0.49 nM and 148 +/- 34 fmol/mg protein for null cell adenomas and 1.23 +/- 0.20 nM and 107 +/- 21 fmol/mg protein for normal pituitary tissues. The one PRL adenoma had a similar Kd but had a 5.6-fold higher Bmax than the mean Bmax for the null cell adenomas. These results indicate that immunohistochemically characterized null cell adenomas as well as normal pituitaries express dopamine receptors, but that the binding sites in null cell adenomas are much less those in PRL-secreting adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Basal-cell carcinoma of the lower lid in a 27-month-old child.

Basal-cell carcinoma of the skin is rare in childhood. An unusual case of a 27-month-old girl is described, in whom basal-cell carcinoma afflicted the left lower lid without predisposing cutaneous diseases. The lesion appeared as a naevus, four months before consultation; it developed rapidly and was ulcerated. Treatment was achieved by surgical excision of the lesion. No report of such a young child could be found in the literature.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Immunoglobulin abnormalities in malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The association of monoclonal gammopathy and lymphoma was investigated in 100 consecutive, untreated cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of B-cell type, classified according to the criteria of Lukes & Collins (9). The overall incidence of monoclonal immunoglobulins (Ig) was 24%. The highest incidence (57%) was seen in plasmacytoid lymphocytic lymphoma and the lowest (7.9%) in cases of CLL. IgM was the predominant class of monoclonal Ig. It is concluded that the presence of monoclonal gammopathy in NHL reflects the stage of differentiation and maturation of the malignant B-cell clone.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Plasma lipoprotein pattern in relation to liver histology after toxic hepatitis and experimental biliary obstruction in rabbits.

Plasma lipoproteins were studied in relation to liver histology in rabbits in the course of toxic hepatitis and compared to those after experimental biliary obstruction. The lipoprotein electrophoretic pattern became deeply abnormal during the acute phase of toxic hepatitis and correlated with the degree of liver injury, improving during recovery. Liver damage was more severe after carbon tetrachloride than after alcohol and milder after allylo-isopropyl-acetamide, a porphyrinogenic substance. Lipoprotein abnormalities were not followed by significantly reduced levels of cholesterol esters in the plasma. In comparison, animals with biliary obstruction developed milder liver damage presented gross abnormalities of plasma lipids and lipoproteins, followed by relative deficiency of cholesterol esterification. It is concluded that lipoprotein changes in acute liver injury, although non-specific, are a sensitive index of liver damage and recovery. Serious acute liver injury can exist without significant fall in cholesterol esters.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1980

Ligation of the splenic artery; effects on the injured spleen and its function.

Treatment of splenic trauma by ligating the splenic artery was studied on 28 dogs. Bleeding was arrested, and the animals under experimentation tolerated the ligation of the splenic artery without complications. The histology of the spleen showed no abnormalities 2 mo after the experiment. The traumatized area of the spleen had healed. The platelets and reticulocytes were temporarily increased. The hemotocrit values, WBC counts, and serum immunoglobulin M, remained within normal levels. Bone marrow smears, and scintigrams of the spleen were normal. Ligation of the splenic artery, combined with splenorrhaphy, was also successfully used in children with splenic trauma involving major segmental vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Duplication of the pylorus: an elusive diagnosis.

A 20-day old female with symptoms of intermittent gastric outlet obstruction since the third day after birth was subjected to surgical exploration. Laparotomy revealed duplication of the pylorus communicating with a normal gastric cavity. The patient was successfully treated by excising the wall separating the duplication from the pylorus. Five cases of pyloric duplication reported so far in the English literature are reviewed.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Volvulus of the sigmoid colon.

Sigmoid volvulus in children is quite rare and may occur in acute fulminating form requiring early diagnosis and surgery. In this case, bowel continuity after resection of the necrotic sigmoid was reestablished in a two-stage operation.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Lacunar cells of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease: an ultrastructural and immunohistologic study.

Tissues from 22 cases of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease were studied by light and electron microscopy in conjunction with immunohistologic and cytochemical staining. The presence of lipid in the cytoplasm of lacunar cells suggested that this was responsible for the distinctive "lacunar" appearance of the cells. Marked morphologic similarities between "blast cells" resulting from mitogen stimulation of lymphocytes in vi-ro, immunoblasts seen in reactive lymphoid tissues, and mononuclear "Hodgkin's" cells in Hodgkin's disease suggested that all three cell types may result from lymphocyte transformation. It also seemed apparent that there was a developmental sequence from lymphocyte to transformed lymphocyte to the abnormal mononuclear Hodgkin's cell, with further progression, through increasing size and nuclear lobulation, to the lacunar cell or, alternatively, to the diagnostic Reed-Sternberg cell. This proposed sequence was supported by immunoperoxidase studies in which cytoplasmic immunoglobulin was demonstrated in mononuclear Hodgkin's cells, lacunar cells and Reed-Sternberg cells. The proposed relationship between these cells was also supported by the findings of both kappa and lambda chains in the same cells, a pattern not seen in reactive transformed lymphocytes.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1972

Angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman).

Six personally observed cases of this lesion are reported and the literature is reviewed. One hundred and thirty-four cases have been reported to date. The lesion has occurred in many sites, but is commonest in the thorax (60%), abdomen (11%), neck (14%), and axilla (4%). Ninety per cent of cases are symptomless or have only the pressure symptoms, 10% have systemic signs, namely, fever, raised ESR, anaemia, cured by removal of the tumour. These cases have a slightly different histology. All recorded cases have been benign. Microscopically the lesion is follicular but instead of germinal centres the follicles have one or more thick-walled arteries and often some surrounding histiocytes. Increased numbers of vessels occur between the follicles, whilst sinuses are absent. These vessels have thick, cellular walls like post-capillary venules. Sometimes they become hyaline. The cases with symptoms have true reaction centres as well as a few intrafollicular vessels. Between the follicles there are increased numbers of vessels and, in addition, there may be collections of plasma cells or eosinophils.

Adult↗