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Biomedical subjects

D Albrechtsen

Publications and source records attributed to D Albrechtsen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Autologous bone marrow transplantation in children--experience with neuroblastoma].

Autologous bone marrow transplantation permits the use of greatly intensified cytoreductive therapy for cancer. Since 1983 seven children with disseminated neuroblastoma (stage IV) were treated by this method. Five were treated in first, and one in second complete remission; one child was in partial remission. Tumor cell purging of the marrow inoculum was performed in five cases. All children had engraftment and were discharged from hospital free of disease. Relapse was observed in three children within two years. Four children remain healthy at follow-up 5-77 months after autotransplantation. We describe and discuss indications, methods, side effects and results.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Kidney transplantation in Norway].

Twenty years ago, in 1969, a national kidney transplant program was established, based on uniform indications and preparations for transplantation. Since 1983, all transplants have been performed at one centre. We describe the organization, development, treatment policies and results of the program. The national transplant rate of 42 patients per million population per year (p.m.p.) keeps up with the demand. In contradiction to the international experience of rapidly expanding waiting lists and dialysis populations, a balance has been achieved in Norway, with a high transplant rate, a restricted and stable waiting list (mean 23 p.m.p.), waiting time (mean 5 months) and dialysis population. Approx. 80 per cent of all patients requiring long term renal replacement therapy actually receive a transplant, as against approx. 50% in Western Europe. Seventy-five to 100 per cent of the transplants function for more than a year, and 55-80 per cent for more than five years, depending on the donor and HLA compatibility. Other significant risk factors are age and HLA sensitization. Since 1983, 46 diabetics with renal failure have been treated by combined renal and pancreatic transplantation.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Costs of care in uremia. How much does kidney transplantation cost?].

The cost of kidney transplantation and hemodialysis have been recorded (in 1986). Tissue typing, operation and initial stay in hospital cost NOK 103,000 per patient, and further treatment for the first year after operation NOK 114,000. Subsequent annual costs were NOK 70,000, mainly for drugs. Hemodialysis costs NOK 287,000 per year. Transplantation was cost-effective by almost NOK one million per patient over a five-year period. If the current high national rate of transplantation (42 patients per million), which keeps both the national waiting list (23 patients per million) and the dialysis population at a low level, is sustained over the next five years, then total national expenditures for dialysis and transplantation are predicted to be approx. NOK 400 millions. If no transplants were performed during this period the waiting list would increase to 175 patients per million, and expenditures (for dialysis) to approx. NOK 750 millions. Additional huge investments would be needed in order to expand the facilities for dialysis. Because of high transplant rate, only 18 per cent of all treated uremics in Norway are now on dialysis, versus 73 per cent in Western Europe. Since transplantation is much cheaper than dialysis, national expenditures per treated patient are lower in Norway than in any other country.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Batten's disease: failure of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation to arrest disease progression in a canine model.

We investigated whether the course of canine ceroid lipofuscinosis (CCL), a model of Batten's disease in man, was affected by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Four English setters with CCL, 4 1/2 months of age, were given 9.2 Gy of total body irradiation, followed by the infusion of bone marrow cells from healthy DLA identical sibling donors. All transplanted dogs had complete hematologic reconstitution. However, at 12-13 months posttransplant, all dogs developed characteristic and progressive signs of CCL. Autopsies revealed cerebral atrophy and findings of ceroid storage not different from those in non-transplanted controls. These findings suggest that bone marrow cells do not contain or release the gene product(s) necessary to correct the disease. It appears unlikely that with our current knowledge, allogeneic marrow transplantation would be beneficial in the treatment of Batten's disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunomagnetic depletion of CD6+ cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood.

Depletion of donor CD6+ cells in HLA-identical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation has been reported to reduce graft-versus-host disease without interfering with engraftment. We have established an immunomagnetic cell separation technique capable of producing a 2-3 log depletion of CD6+ cells. Median recovery of CD6- cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells was 65-70%, and cell viability was unaffected. Significant numbers of CD2+, CD3+ cells responsive to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), OKT3, recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2), and allogeneic cells remained after depletion, and the number of cells able to respond to stimulation with PHA and IL-2 in vitro was reduced by only 1-2 log. These observations are not easily reconciled with the ability of CD6 depletion to prevent GVHD, but raise the question whether the depletion causes a sufficient reduction of the T cell load or removes a critical T cell subset.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1990

Extracorporeal surgery and autotransplantation for complicated renal calculous disease in 108 kidneys.

One hundred and eight kidneys in 97 patients with staghorn (72%) or multiple pyelocalyceal (28%) calculi were treated by extracorporeal surgery and autotransplantation, and followed up for 1-12 (mean 3) years. Twenty-seven patients had a solitary kidney, and 11 were operated on bilaterally. Sixty-nine % had a history of previous stone surgery, 74% had urinary tract infection and 30% renal dysfunction. Postoperative and late mortality rates were 3.1 and 2.1%, respectively. In addition, three kidneys were lost postoperatively and two later. Only one case of renal calculus recurrence was observed. Sixty-nine per cent of preoperatively infected patients were cured of infection, and 18% improved. Ninety-two per cent of patients with functioning autograft had preserved or improved renal function at follow-up. We find extracorporeal calculus removal a highly effective procedure with an acceptable risk.

Adolescent↗