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Biomedical subjects

D Aggarwal

Publications and source records attributed to D Aggarwal.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Haematological effect of iron supplementation in breast fed term low birth weight infants.

AIMS: To determine the haematological effects of iron supplementation in predominantly breast fed term low birth weight (LBW) infants. METHODS: Seventy three healthy term LBW (<2500 g), predominantly breast fed infants aged 50-80 days were randomised into two groups to receive either iron (3 mg/kg/day) (iron supplemented (IS) group; n = 37) or placebo drops (placebo (P) group; n = 36). Haematological parameters and anthropometry were measured at baseline and repeated after four and eight weeks. RESULTS: A total of 62 subjects (32 in the IS group and 30 in the P group) came for the first follow up and 26 (13 in the IS group and 13 in the P group) reported for the second visit. There were no significant differences in serum ferritin and anthropometry. However, covariates (infant age, haemoglobin, and ferritin, and maternal haemoglobin) adjusted haemoglobin change was significantly higher in the IS group after four weeks (4.6 g/l; 95% CI 0.5 to 8.8) and eight weeks (8.6 g/l; 95% CI 1.8 to 15.4). CONCLUSIONS: Iron supplementation in a therapeutic dose in term breast fed LBW infants results in a marginal increase in haemoglobin. The functional benefit of this haemoglobin rise requires further evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Apolipoprotein A-I regulates lipid hydrolysis by hepatic lipase.

Association of hepatic lipase (HL) with pure heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) has little effect on hydrolysis of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles, but significantly inhibits (>80%) the hydrolysis of low (LDL) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Lipolytic inhibition is associated with a differential ability of the lipoproteins to remove HL from the HSPG. LDL and VLDL are unable to displace HL, whereas HDL readily displaces HL from the HSPG. These data show that HSPG-bound HL is inactive. Purified apolipoprotein (apo) A-I is more efficient than HDL at liberating HL from HSPG, and HL displacement is associated with the direct binding of apoA-I to HSPG. However, displacement of HL by apoA-I does not enhance hydrolysis of VLDL particles. This appears due to the direct inhibition of HL by apoA-I. Both apoA-I and HDL are able to inhibit VLDL lipid hydrolysis by up to 60%. Inhibition of VLDL hydrolysis is associated with the binding of apoA-I to the surface of the VLDL particle and a concomitant decreased affinity for HL. These data show that apoA-I can regulate lipid hydrolysis by HL by liberating/activating the enzyme from cell surface proteoglycans and by directly modulating lipoprotein binding and hydrolysis.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed1988

A quantitative structure-activity relationship study of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors.

A quantitative structure-activity relationship study has been made of some 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibition activities of mevinolin analogs and 6-substituted 4-hydroxypyran-2 ones have been mostly found to be significantly correlated with the molecular size of substituents. In one case, however, the inhibition potency was found to be related to the hydrophobicity of molecules. These findings led us to suggest that the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase possesses an active site which is involved in dispersion interaction and another site which is involved in hydrophobic interaction with inhibitor molecules, depending upon the proper orientation of the latter towards these sites. Furthermore, the results indicate that both active sites possess limited steric bulk tolerance.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1987

Quantitative structure-activity relationship study on amsacrine derivatives.

Various biological activities of amsacrine derivatives were analyzed in relation to various physico-chemical parameters. The in vitro activity parameters like DNA-binding and cell inhibition constants were found to have significant correlations but with varying physico-chemical parameters. DNA-binding constants were found to be the function of van der Waals volume and the cell inhibition constant to be the function of the hydrophobic parameter. But the in vivo antitumor activity parameters like optimal dose administered intraperitoneally in mice injected with P388 leukemia cells and the percentage increase in life span of treated animals over that of control animals were not found to be related with any property of the molecules.

Amsacrine↗
PubMed1979

The brain's role in exercise hyperpnea.

Three aspects concerning the role of the central nervous system in the control of exercise hyperpnea are reviewed. First, the integration of sensory input stresses the concept of multiple sites of integration--with the end result that both adequate gas exchange and near-optimal mechanical response of the lung and chest wall are achieved during exercise. Secondly, the potential role of the "central" [H+] chemoreceptor is discussed--in terms of the mechanisms available for the protection of brain ECF [H+] and the stimulus-response characteristics of this important chemical sensor and a critical analysis of how it may be evaluated. Finally, the question of forebrain influences on exercise hyperpnea and the "sensation" of ventilatory effect is discussed, with particular emphasis on the multi-purpose regulation of breathing in athletic endeavors.

Brain↗
PubMed1976

Role of the carotid chemoreceptors in the hyperpnea of exercise in the cat.

The role of the carotid chemoreceptors in the hyperpnea of exercise was investigated. The activity of the sinus nerve of the cat was monitored while the blood supply to the carotid body was controlled independently of the systemic circulation. By this technique, fluctuations in the arterial blood was gases during a short interval of exercise induced by electrical stimulation of hindlimb muscles were unable to affect the chemoreceptor activity. While minute ventilation increased by an average of 51%, chemoreceptor discharge was found to be unchanged in 12 experiments, 6 while perfusing with normoxic blood and 6 while perfusing with hypoxic blood. Thus, it must be concluded that alteration of carotid chemoreceptor sensitivity does not occur during artificially induced exercise in anesthetized cats. However, the difference in the time course of ventilation following the initiation of artificially induced exercise between cats and other species does not allow it to be ruled out in other species, including man. Indirect evidence is against such a role.

Animals↗